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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Duration of anestrus in Pramenka and Romanov ewes in Yugoslavia.

Jugular plasma progesterone was determined for two groups of native Yugoslavian ewes (Pramenka, Groups 1 and 2) and for a group of Romanov ewes (Group 3) from the end of January to late October in 1988. Ewes were pregnant until the end of March (pregnancy progesterone concentrations, 2.84 to 33 ng/mL). From the end of March to the beginning of July, progesterone concentration decreased (0 to .15 ng/mL). From early July to late October, progesterone concentrations increased. Progesterone concentrations were at their nadir near the summer solstice and increased significantly by early July in all three groups. The duration of anestrus was similar in Pramenka and Romanov ewes. In nonpregnant Pramenka ewes, the pattern of changes in plasma progesterone was similar to those seen in pregnant ewes except for an earlier decline with very low concentrations observed after mid-March.

Anestrus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Croatian Medical Association, Andrija Stampar and public health politics in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians (Kingdom of Yugoslavia)].

The research on work of doctor Andrija Stampar (1888-1958) as the head of the Hygienic division of The Ministry of Public Health of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians from 1919 till 1929-1931 is presented, as well as the influence of the Health Section of the League of Nations and Rockefeller Foundation. Special attention is also given to the resistance of practicing physicians around the Croatian Medical Association in Zagreb to Stampar's project of socialization of medicine. In addition, I will elaborate on the changing of the official public health politics after Stampar's dismissal from the Ministry in 1931, as well as the new changes connected with the founding of politically more independent province - Banovina Hrvatska in 1939. The article is mostly based on unpublished archival sources about the life and work of A. Stampar, as well as the documentation of Rockefeller Foundation.

Health Policy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preventive medical protection in the Armed Forces of Yugoslavia during military conflicts.

Some experiences in preventive medical protection in the Armed Forces of the Yugoslav People's Army (Y.P.A.) in the blockade and combat operations in 1991 are presented. In garrisons which were in the total blockade the basic life-needs were threatened and in the same time personnel was exposed to combat operations of enemy forces. Owing to alterness and discipline of the whole staff the basic hygienic measures of health protection were maintained. In units which were engaged in combat operations the hygienic prophylactic measures were conducted based on our doctrinal principles in preventive medical protection. The decrease in the incidence of infectious diseases and lack of epidemics point to the successfully applied protection. The health service provided protection both of people and refugees and also a significant help was extended to the units of the Armed Forces.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

[Comparison of socio-demographic characteristics of patients with PTSD in the four countries of former Yugoslavia following the war].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the socio-demographic characteristics of survivors who presented for treatment in therapeutic centers in the four Balkan countries involved in the study by summarizing the results of STOP study ("Treatment Seeking and Treatment Outcomes in People Suffering from PTSD Following the War and Migration in the Balkans"). STOP study was performed in the following countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina (specialized center Sarajevo), Croatia (centers in Zagreb and Rijeka), Serbia and Montenegro (center in Belgrade), Germany (center in Dresden) and United Kingdom (center in London). METHODS: The authors applied a socio-demographic questionnaire in patients with PTSD who presented for treatment in the centers. RESULTS: The authors present the differences among the socio-demographic characteristics of survivors who presented for treatment in therapeutic centers in the four Balkan countries involved in the study according to: gender, status (refugee, war veterans, refugee and war veteran, civilian), ethnic background, employment status, marital status and household monthly net income. CONCLUSIONS: Comparative statistical analysis of data obtained through interviews in four countries shows significant differences across the centers concerning socio-economic characteristics of the patients.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗
PubMed1991

Epidemiological characteristics of Balkan endemic nephropathy in eastern regions of Yugoslavia.

Foci of Balkan endemic nephropathy have been found scattered along several rivers in many parts of Serbia, as well as in north-eastern Bosnia. There is no indication that the medical geography of the disease changes over time. As for the intensity of the endemic process, both the poor quality of the routinely collected data and an inconsistent methodological approach obscure the real epidemiological situation. The incidence of deaths, the most reliable measure of outcome, has been stable over the last few decades, slightly exceeding 3 per 1000 person-years of observation in the most heavily affected endemic villages. The point prevalence rate of hyper-beta-2-microglobulinuria, an indicator of tubular damage, also remained unchanged over that period, at a value as high as 20-25%. Over time, however, the course of the disease became more protracted and its onset moved towards older ages. These two facts may indicate a less intense contact with the agent(s) and, consequently, suggest a decreased burden of Balkan endemic nephropathy in the near future. The natural history of Balkan endemic nephropathy is still not well understood, however. The disease seems to have had an endemo-epidemic pattern in the past, and the possibility of another epidemic wave in the future cannot be completely ruled out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Haematological features of the population of the area of Croatia, Yugoslavia, endemic for Balkan nephropathy.

Normochromic, normocytic anaemia is a sign recognized as essential for the diagnosis of Balkan endemic nephropathy, although its relationship to the disease is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a random sample of the population of a village endemic for nephropathy differed from the population of a village with no clinical case of nephropathy with respect to certain basic haematological parameters. During a screening campaign in 1984, 133 blood samples were collected from the endemic village and 40 from the nonendemic village and analysed for a number of haematological parameters; in 1991, 449 samples were collected in the endemic village and 156 in the nonendemic village and analysed for haemoglobin content and red blood cell count. Whereas in 1984 the haemoglobin content and red blood cell count were significantly lower in the endemic village (p less than 0.01), in 1991 the erythrocyte count was much lower in the nonendemic village and there was no difference in haemoglobin concentration. Several controversial explanations, all of them speculative, are offered.

Anemia↗
PubMed1991

Epidemiological aspects of Balkan endemic nephropathy in a typical focus in Yugoslavia.

Balkan endemic nephropathy is a noninflammatory bilateral kidney lesion that affects rural populations in several circumscribed areas of the Balkans. Its etiology is still not understood, but recently it has been associated with exposure to nephrotoxic mycotoxins. It has been known to be present since the mid-1950s in 14 villages in an endemic area of Croatia, where approximately 10,000 people are at risk. Its prevalence fluctuates between 0.4 and 8.3%, showing a slight decline in recent years, but it has not disappeared from any of the endemic villages. The occurrence of the disease in several ethnic groups contradicts the hypothesis of a primary hereditary basis for Balkan endemic nephropathy. Recently, evidence has been found of an extremely high incidence of urinary tract tumours in the endemic area, and particularly of urothelial tumours of the pelvis and ureter. There may therefore be a common causative agent for these two rare diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Epidemiological survey of trichinellosis in Yugoslavia.

In a long term epidemiological survey that included different hosts for Trichinella spiralis among wild and domestic animals, the parasitological and serological screening revealed a high number of positive animals. The incidence of T. spiralis in grazing pigs was high, 21.76% (170 examined) but most of positive animals were lightly infected (0.016-0.02 l/g). While out of 2,394 pigs raised in small private farms, 1.67% were positive with high infection rates, none of the pigs raised on a modern breeding and fattening farm were seropositive. A repeated survey in grazing pigs performed five years later and in the same area, showed the prevalence of seropositive pigs to be still high (22% of 100 examined pigs). The same data were confirmed by detection of specific anti-Trichinella antibodies in Western blotting procedure. One of 2,031 serologically (IgG-ELISA) examined horses from Croatia reacted positively with very high OD values. Different characteristics of biological patterns (RCI, female fecundity, capsule formation, isoenzyme analysis) were found between two well distinguished groups of isolates. The first group consisted of well defined T1 isolates with patterns described by the Reference Centre for Trichinellosis, Rome, Italy. The data obtained by isoenzyme analysis of the representative sylvatic isolate were comparable to T3 characteristics of isolates from foxes in Italy.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Detection of Trichinella by various methods in Yugoslavia.

From studies performed on experimentally infected pigs, it was possible to conclude that enzymatic digestion methods are superior to trichinoscopy for inspection of pork for the presence of Trichinella spiralis. The analyses included comparative examination of samples taken from five different parts of diaphragm tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Occupational medicine in European countries and in Yugoslavia].

A recent publication on occupational health services in European countries prepared by the World Health Organization is reviewed. On the basis of guidance by the international organizations, the overall objectives of occupational health services are embodied in principles which are implemented in various ways in the practical activities undertaken in each country. The functions of occupational health services, organizational models, coverage, personnel, support systems (industrial hygiene, ergonomics, psychology, clinical occupational medicine) as well as research, training and funding are discussed. Comparison is made with the actual situation and development of occupational health service in Croatia with special reference to the conclusions drawn at a round table discussion organized by the Association of Occupational Health of the Croatian Medical Society in Pazin, in April 1991.

Europe↗