SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Water Intoxication”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
[Drinking water composition and rena insufficiency].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Treatment of ADP responsive diabetes insipidus in children with DDAVP (1-desamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin)].
Twenty children with diabetes inspidus, 19 children and adolescents and one baby of 2 months, were treated with DDAVP. The drug was very effective, the average urine volume being 1.7 L/24 hours. The control of the diuresis in the baby was very satisfactory. There were no secondary effects and the only episode of water intoxication occurred in a girl with corticosteroid deficiency which was not well controlled. The effects of this drug are discussed in the light of the biochemistry and pharmacology and the activity compared with that of Lysine vasopressin (LVP). Plasma levels of DDAVP and LVP showed that DDAVP persists for longer which may explain its greater potency and duration of action.
[Toxicological and hygienic aspects of increasing the efficiency of the afterpurification of the water regenerated from urine].
It has been shown experimentally that the quality of reclaimed water as related to its chemical and toxicological parameters depends on the efficiency of the repurification unit. Comparative toxicologic and hygienic investigations have demonstrated that the sorption-catalytic method of urine condensate repurification using a platinum-carbon catalyst is most promising since it can ensure the production of toxicologically safe potable water.
[Risks of simultaneous tocolytic treatment with beta adrenergic and PG inhibiting agents].
Betaadrenergics are the most important agents in the treatment of premature labour. Often they are used in combination with steroids which promote fetal lung maturation and prevent respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. Because PG synthesis inhibitors also reduce uterine contractions they have been used as tocolytics whenever beta adrenergics alone fail. Several cases of pulmonary edema in otherwise healthy pregnant women have been reported following a combined tocolytic treatment with betaadrenergic drugs and PG synthesis inhibitors. The inhibited synthesis and function of renal PGs may be a very important factor contributing to those fatal events. Both, the ADH stimulating effect of beta adrenergics and the inhibition of the negative feed back mechanism of PGs on ADH action by blockade of PG synthesis potentiates renal water retention, thereby increasing the risk of water intoxication. Concerning the effects of maternal tocolytic treatment on the fetus or newborn, there is good evidence that PG inhibitors like aspirin or indomethacin can lead to closure of the ductus Botalli prior to birth and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Severe cardiopulmonary adaption disturbances may be the consequence. Routine clinical use of PG synthesis inhibitors in combination with adrenergic stimulants cannot be recommended on the basis of available information.
[Toxicological and hygienic characteristics of retting fluid].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Hygienic evaluation of the quality of water disinfected by pluse electrical discharges].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Fluid and electrolyte disorders. Water.
It is very rare for disturbances of water balance to occur as isolated phenomena. More commonly, mixed electrolyte abnormalities present. However, to permit the logical application of therapy an understanding of basic water balance in health and disease is essential.
Early clinical diagnosis of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Case reports.
Two children with inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion associated with meningococcal septicaemia are described. The syndrome was diagnosed despite the patients' serum sodium concentrations being within the normal range when, with normal fluid intake and in the absence of hypovolaemia, they developed oliguria and concentrated urine. Early diagnosis prevents cerebral water intoxication and pulmonary oedema that may occur if hyponatraemia is allowed to develop.
[Quality of after purified municipal sewage].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Experimental evaluation of the toxicity of the hydro-aerosol of circulating waters].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Toxicologic and hygienic studies of water regenerated from oxidant-containing released moisture].
Toxic-hygienic examinations of water reclaimed from peroxide-containing technical fluids have shown that the water needs further purification using sorbents that contain a reducing agent. In the absence of the latter the reclaimed water exerts adverse effects on certain hematological parameters.
[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. A case report].
A lethal case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a 42-year-old woman with a history of bipolar psychiatric disorder under treatment with haloperidol is reported. The patient, hospitalized many times in the past for psychiatric treatment, was then admitted for treatment of a relapse of the disease during a exceedingly hot period. The patient complained of hallucinations and stomach ache. It was necessary to increase the dose of haloperidol to 2 mg, 3 times a day, and to give a single dose of perphenazine enanthate 100 mg. All tests proved normal except for CPK 274 U/l and urea 14 mg/dl. On hospital day 2, went into coma with high temperature, diaphoresis, polyuria, leucocytosis (WBC count 15,440 U/mm3), urea 7 mg/dl, LDH 425 U/l, Na 114 mEq/l, K 2.5 mEq/l. The rapid improvement following hypertonic saline treatment encouraged a diagnosis of water intoxication. On hospital day 7, continuing with the haloperidol treatment, the patient developed a high temperature and deterioration torpor. On hospital day 9, the patient went back into coma with temperature over 40 degrees C (104 degrees F), with fine myoclonia most visible on the face, and muscular rigidity. The CPK, rose from 5,169 to 28,060 U/l in less than 24 hours; the serum myoglobin rose to 41,000 ug/l. On day hospital 11 developed renal, cardiac and respiratory insufficiency. The picture deteriorated and dantrolene was no longer of use in controlling the fever. Then with a fever of over 42 degrees (108 degrees F) and the CPK at 50,000 the patient died. The autopsy demonstrated widespread rhabdomyolysis, a picture of widespread aspecific shock in all organs and picture of myoglobin-induced tabular necrosis of the kidney.
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hyponatremic seizures among infants fed with commercial bottled drinking water--Wisconsin, 1993.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
New treatment for rectal impaction in children: an efficacy, comfort, and safety trial of the pulsed-irrigation enhanced-evacuation procedure.
To determine the efficacy, comfort, and safety of the pulsed-irrigation enhanced-evacuation (PIEE) procedure in children, we evaluated 27 procedures performed on 24 consecutive children, 16 boys and 8 girls, 4-15 years old (mean, 8.7), with chronic constipation, encopresis, and rectal impaction. Children with known heart, lung, and/or neurologic diseases were excluded. Temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure were obtained prior to, during, and immediately after the procedure. Abdominal radiographs were obtained before and after the procedure, and the degree of disimpaction was estimated by a single radiologist. Patients graded the discomfort of the procedure at the time of speculum insertion and every 15 min from 1 to 5: 1, painless; 2, mild discomfort; 3, moderate discomfort; 4, severe discomfort; 5, extremely painful. Serum sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate values were obtained before, immediately after, and 90 min after the procedure and compared by paired Student t analysis. A digital rectal examination confirmed rectal impaction prior to insertion of the speculum. One course of pulsed irrigations was performed, typically lasting 25-30 min. No significant changes in vital signs were found during or after the procedure. In 18 of 23 (78%) procedures, there was at least a 50% emptying of feces from the colon immediately after the procedure. Patients continued to empty their colon up to 12 h later; thus, the procedure effectively disimpacted all patients. In terms of comfort, patients graded the PIEE a 2.6 +/- 0.75 (range, 1-5). Speculum insertion was the most uncomfortable factor and received a 2.7. No child had any indication of water intoxication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[The hygienic evaluation of an aerosol-gas mixture as a preservative of potable water].
Complex hygienic assessment of the aerosol-gas method for the drinking water conservation demonstrated no significant effects on white rats in toxicological and genetical experiments. The method was recommended for long-term conservation of the drinking water in steel tanks.
Desmopressin acetate and nocturnal enuresis: how much do we know?
OBJECTIVES: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is promoted to treat nocturnal enuresis but indications for its use are unclear. We reviewed all randomized controlled trials to determine (1) short- and long-term efficacy, (2) responders, (3) dose-response curve, (4) side effects, and (5) comparative efficacy with other treatments. METHODS: A Medline search of the English language literature from January 1966 to August 1992, supplemented by contact with the drug companies, yielded 18 articles which were true randomized controlled trials (11 cross-over and 7 parallel studies). RESULTS: The 18 randomized controlled trials included 689 subjects for most of whom some other type of treatment had failed. All studies found decreased mean frequency of wetting ranging from 10% to 91%, but only 24.5% of subjects achieved short-term dryness. One study of DDAVP responders directly tested long-term dryness and 21% stayed dry. In three studies that incidentally reported on long-term effects 5.7% stayed dry after stopping DDAVP: There was wide variation in the type of patient included. Seven studies addressed prognostic factors. Children more than 9 years old and with fewer initial wet nights do better. Four studies seem to include almost exclusively monosymptomatic children with nocturnal enuresis (ie, primary nocturnal enuresis, positive family history, and no urinary symptoms). Results were no better than those which included mixed symptoms. Five studies attempted to address the dose-response issue. Despite some methodological issues, there is probably some dose-response effect. Side effects were infrequent in the 589 subjects who received DDAVP as opposed to placebo. No cases of water intoxication and no significant shifts in electrolytes were reported in the four studies which measured them. Nasal stuffiness, headache, epistaxis, and mild abdominal pain seem to be the only side effects noted, and these were uncommon. Only one study compared DDAVP with conditioning alarms. Alarm patients had 10% fewer wet nights and a better long-term result. CONCLUSIONS: DDAVP reduces wet nights in children for whom other treatments have failed but it produces complete dryness in a minority, and this is often a temporary effect. The literature focuses on short-term efficacy. The true role of DDAVP will be known when samples are carefully selected, prognostic factors are examined, and more comparisons with other treatments are conducted focusing on long-term outcomes. On the basis of current knowledge, DDAVP is inferior to conditioning alarms as a primary therapy.
Operative hysteroscopy. American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists 1991 membership survey.
The 1991 American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists membership survey on operative hysteroscopy had a total of 630 respondents (almost double the 1988 number) who reported performing 17,298 procedures as compared to 7,293 in 1988. Directed biopsy and endometrial ablation were the procedures reported most commonly. Endometrial ablation increased fivefold since 1988, and myomectomy increased fourfold. The majority of operative hysteroscopies were performed for a complaint of abnormal bleeding (73%). The most frequently reported complication was uterine perforation not requiring transfusion (11 per 1,000 procedures). The rate of water intoxication or pulmonary edema dropped from 3.4/1,000 in 1988 to 1.4/1,000 in 1991. However, some serious complications (eight laparotomies for bowel injury, three CO2 embolisms and three deaths) were reported for 1991.