Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Sperm Retrieval”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Outcome of assisted reproductive technology in women over the age of 41.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of ongoing pregnancies and deliveries after assisted reproductive technology (ART) in women aged >/=41 years, stratified by year of age. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University hospital, IVF unit. PATIENT(S): A total of 431 IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were initiated in women >/=41 years of age. INTERVENTION(S): Medical files of ART patients and pregnancy outcomes were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Oocytes retrieved, embryos developed, and clinical pregnancy and delivery rates. RESULT(S): Of the 431 started cycles, 376 (87%) reached the oocyte retrieval stage. The mean number of oocytes aspirated per patient was 5.4 +/- 0.9 and 6.7 +/- 1.2 in the IVF and ICSI cycles, respectively, and the number of embryos obtained was 2.3 +/- 1.3 and 2.8 +/- 1.6 in the IVF and ICSI cycles, respectively. The number of transferable embryos was 2.0 +/- 1.2 and 2.5 +/- 0.8. The pregnancy rate per oocyte pickup (OPU) was 12.4%; however, the delivery rate per OPU was 4.5%. The mean delivery rate per OPU among women aged 41-43 years was 2%-7%. There were no deliveries aged >/=44 years and no pregnancies at the age of 45 years. The pregnancy and delivery rates of the ICSI and IVF patients were similar after stratification by age. CONCLUSION(S): In our studies, ART performed with homologous oocytes, whether by IVF or ICSI, yielded no clinical pregnancies among women aged >/=45 years and no deliveries aged >/=44 years. The mean delivery rate per oocyte retrieval among women aged 41-43 years varied between 2% and 7%.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

Number of oocytes retrieved and resulting pregnancy. Risk factors for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To test whether the risk of developing clinically significant ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is related to the number of oocytes retrieved by puncture and the resulting pregnancy and to determine the most suitable cutoff limit of the number of oocytes in predicting OHSS. STUDY DESIGN: The study included 973 patients who underwent ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Using the classification of Schenker and Weinstein, we identified patients who developed moderate and severe OHSS. By multiple logistic regression we established the risk of moderate or severe OHSS development in relation to the number of oocytes retrieved and the resulting pregnancy. A receiver operator characteristic curve was constructed to describe the relation between sensitivity and the false positive rate for the number of oocytes retrieved in the prediction of OHSS. RESULTS: We identified 35 (3.6%) patients who developed OHSS, 8 (0.8%) severe and 27 (2.8%) moderate. The risk of developing OHSS increased with the number of oocytes retrieved (odds ratio = 1.14) and with pregnancy (odds ratio = 1.14). The most suitable limit for predicting OHSS was 10 oocytes, with 81.9% specificity and 48.6% sensitivity. The risk of OHSS development in cycles with < or = 10 oocytes and no conception was 1.31% and, with conception, 5.12%. The risk of OHSS development in cycles with > 10 oocytes and no conception was 4.43% and with conception, 15.93%. CONCLUSION: The risk of OHSS development increases with the number of oocytes retrieved and with pregnancy. The most suitable limit for predicting OHSS is 10 oocytes; however, due to low sensitivity, it is also necessary to consider other factors when establishing the increased risk of OHSS.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

In vitro fertilization treatment for severe male factor: a comparative study of intracytoplasmic sperm injection with testicular sperm extraction and with spermatozoa from ejaculate.

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to evaluate whether the source of spermatozoa influences the results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment in couples with severe male-factor infertility. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 40 cases of ICSI with testicular-retrieved spermatozoa, matched with 40 cases of ICSI with ejaculated spermatozoa, was performed. We included only couples with normoovulatory females younger than 37 years who were matched according to the day of ovum pickup with the patients in the study group. RESULTS: Eighty cycles were analyzed: 40 cycles using testicular spermatozoa and 40 cycles using ejaculated spermatozoa. In 32 (80%) of the 40 ICSI transcutaneous needle aspiration cycles, we obtained enough spermatozoa to inject all the mature oocytes retrieved. In eight (20%) cases there were not enough spermatozoa to inject all the oocytes. Only 76 (54%) of 141 available oocytes were injected in these eight patients. The oocyte fertilization rates were 42% for the study group and 55.5% for the controls (P < 0.005). Thirty-six (90%) patients in the group with nonobstructive a zoospermia (NOA) and 37 (92.5%) patients in the oligoteratoasthenospermia (OTA) group had embryos for replacement. The mean cleavage rates per cycle (96% with testicular and 93% with ejaculated spermatozoa), the mean number of embryos per transfer (3.72 +/- 1.6 in the NOA group and 4.24 +/- 1.5 in the OTA group), the embryo quality (cumulative embryo scoring = 34.03 +/- 22.62 in the testicular sperm group and 36.08 +/- 19.28 in the ejaculated sperm group), and the clinical pregnancy rates (22.5% in the NOA patients and 20% in the ejaculate group) were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: High fertilization, cleavage, and pregnancy rates can be achieved with intracytoplasmic testicular sperm injection from patients with NOA, reaching levels comparable with those of ICSI using ejaculated spermatozoa.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection as a routine indication in low responder patients.

The aim of this study was to determine if a low response to gonadotrophin stimulation could be considered as an indication for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This prospective study included a total of 96 non-male infertile couples with six or fewer retrieved oocytes, who underwent 104 in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles between January 1996 and April 1997. They were randomly divided into two groups for fertilization, one by IVF and the other by ICSI. Groups were compared in terms of fertilization rates, fertilization failure, embryo quality, embryos transferred and reproductive outcome. ICSI provided similar fertilization rates per inseminated oocyte (77.7 versus 70.2%) and per obtained oocyte (56.5 versus 58.8%) as IVF. Furthermore, equal numbers (2.2 versus 2.5) and quality of embryos were obtained and comparable pregnancy (21.1 versus 17.3%) and implantation (14.0 versus 11.1%) rates. Neither the number of retrieved oocytes, nor patient age was relevant for the fertilization rates obtained with both techniques. The number of cases with complete fertilization failure was similar in both procedures. We conclude that the technique of fertilization is not related to the reproductive outcome of low responders, and the routine use of ICSI is not indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Diagnostic testicular biopsy and cryopreservation of testicular tissue as an alternative to repeated surgical openings in the treatment of azoospermic men.

Between May 1996 and May 1998, 64 azoospermic patients underwent an investigative testicular biopsy combined with the cryopreservation of spermatozoa which were retrieved from a simultaneously examined fresh sample. Testicular tissue cryopreservation was carried out in 43 cases (67%) for late intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) attempts. In all, 23 couples underwent 26 assisted conception cycles; the fertilization rate was 64% with spermatozoa (139/218, 24 cycles), 40% with round spermatids (2/5, one cycle), and 69% with elongated spermatids (9/13, one cycle). The embryo cleavage rate was 84%. A mean number of 2.7 +/- 0.7 embryos were replaced in 24 patients. In two cases, embryo quality was very poor and they were not transferred. Eight clinical pregnancies resulted (35% per patient and 33% per transferred cycle) with an implantation rate of 14.1%: two patients have already delivered and six are ongoing. In conclusion, the cryopreservation of testicular tissue during the first diagnostic biopsy is an alternative to repeated surgical openings and permits patients to initiate an ovarian stimulation cycle with the certitude of having spermatozoa available. Moreover, since only one straw is routinely used for each ICSI cycle, the frozen tissue remains as a sperm source for multiple attempts.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Tubal catheterization for transvaginal gamete intrafallopian transfer: an alternative technique for non-tubal infertility].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of transvaginal gamete intrafallopian transfer (TV-GIFT) for infertile patients with non-tubal factors. METHODS: Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was used for all patients. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval followed by tubal catheterization for transvaginal gamete intrafallopian transfer of 3.3 +/- 2.1 oocytes (range 1-8) and 200,000 sperms in 50 microliters culture medium. RESULTS: The TV-GIFT was used in total of 23 treatment cycles. Of 23 cycles performed for TV-GIFT, the procedure was completed easily in 18 and difficult in 5, resulting in 5 clinical pregnancies(21.7% per cycle), 2 of which resulted in abortion, 2 ongoing pregnancy one was ectopic pregnancy. No pregnancy occurred in four cycles with only one oocyte transferred. CONCLUSIONS: Simple and cost-effective TV-GIFT may achieve a higher pregnancy rate. Compared with laparoscopically directed GIFT, tubal catheterization for TV-GIFT is safe and less invasive. It is an alternative for non-tubal infertility before entering the IVF-ET program.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

High-order oocyte transfer in gamete intrafallopian transfer patients 40 or more years of age.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether a policy of high-order oocyte transfer would be effective in women > or = 40 years of age who are undergoing GIFT, and further, whether a specific subgroup of these patients could be identified where clinical pregnancy was more likely to occur. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive study. SETTING: Patients in a university-based reproductive endocrinology and infertility practice. PATIENTS: Infertile women > or = 40 years of age who underwent GIFT cycles between January, 1990 and December, 1993 after not having achieved pregnancy with at least three previous cycles of superovulation and intrauterine insemination. INTERVENTIONS: Gamete intrafallopian transfer was performed after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with hMGs. High-order oocyte transfer was employed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical pregnancy rates (PRs). RESULTS: The overall clinical PR was 24.5% per retrieval (12/49) and 25.5% per transfer (12/47). A significantly higher number of oocytes were retrieved in patients who became pregnant than those who did not. Patient age, cycle day 3 FSH level, E2 level on the day of hCG administration, number of oocytes transferred, and total number of motile sperm transferred did not differ significantly between the two groups. The clinical PR per transfer was significantly higher in patients with more than five oocytes transferred (10/27, 37%) versus those with five or less oocytes transferred (2/20, 10%). No multiple gestations were obtained. CONCLUSION: The number of oocytes retrieved in women > or = 40 years of age undergoing GIFT is the main determinant predicting clinical pregnancy. High-order oocyte transfer seems to lead to a favorable PR while the risk of multiple gestation is limited.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Monochorionic triplets following intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a report of two consecutive cases.

Monochorionic triplet pregnancies are very rare. Here we report 2 cases of multiple pregnancies with monochorionic triplets following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and day 3 embryo transfer. The 2 women concomitantly underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation due to male factor infertility. Following oocyte retrieval, ICSI and assisted hatching (AH) were performed, and the 2 women conceived consecutively. One patient had a quadruplet pregnancy, which included monochorionic triplets, while the other had monochorionic triplets. Selective embryo reduction by intracardiac KCl injection targeted at 2 of the triplets was performed on the patient with the quadruplet pregnancy, but the third triplet also died. The gestation continued as a singleton pregnancy, and the patient gave birth to a healthy female baby at 38 weeks. The other patient gave birth to 3 healthy female babies at 34 weeks. Possible etiologic factors for the formation of monozygotic splitting among women undergoing assisted reproduction treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Prospective randomized study of human chorionic gonadotrophin priming before immature oocyte retrieval from unstimulated women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

The present study examined whether the rates of oocyte maturation, fertilization and development, as well as pregnancy rate could be improved by human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) priming 36 h before immature oocyte retrieval in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Immature oocyte retrieval was performed on day 10-14 of the cycles and patients were randomly allocated either to be primed with 10 000 IU of HCG before the retrieval, or not primed. Immature oocytes were cultured for 24-48 h in TC-199 medium with 20% (v/v) inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplemented with 75 mIU/ml follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed in all mature oocytes and the resulting embryos were transferred on day 2 or 3 after ICSI. A total of 17 patients underwent 24 completed treatment cycles. Thirteen cycles were primed with HCG and 11 other cycles were not primed. The mean number of oocytes retrieved was comparable in the two groups (7.8 +/- 3.9 versus 7.4 +/- 5.2). The percentage of oocytes achieving maturation at 48 h was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the HCG-primed group (84.3%, 86/102) than in the non-HCG-primed group (69.1%, 56/81). Oocyte maturation was hastened in the HCG-primed group. Following 24 h of culture, 78.2 +/- 7.1% of oocytes were matured in the HCG-primed group compared with 4.9 +/- 2.5% of oocytes in the non-HCG-primed group (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the rates of oocyte fertilization and cleavage in these two groups. There were five clinical pregnancies (38.5%) in the HCG-primed group, and three pregnancies (27.3%) in the non-HCG-primed group.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Pregnancies resulting from in vitro matured oocytes collected from women with regular menstrual cycle.

PURPOSE: To demonstrate that human immature oocytes retrieved from women with regular menstrual cycles can undergo maturation and fertilization, and that the resulting embryos can establish pregnancies. METHODS: Immature oocytes (n = 568) were retrieved from women with regular menstrual cycle. The intact immature oocytes (n = 506) were allowed to mature in YS medium supplemented with 70% human follicular fluid (hFF); the matured oocytes were fertilized with husband sperm. Two pronuclei oocytes were cocultured with cumulus cells in YS medium supplemented with 10% hFF until 2 or 3 days after insemination. The cleaved embryos were transferred in uteri. RESULTS: Follicles were aspirated on Day 9.2 +/- 5.3 of 63 natural cycles from 51 patients (mean age = 34.8 +/- 4.0 years). The average number of retrieved immature oocytes was 9.0. The maturation rate was 74.3% (376/506). The two PN and cleavage rates were 72.6% (273/376) and 89.0% (243/273), respectively. Embryo transfer was achieved in 51 cycles and clinical pregnancy rate was 17.6% (9/51). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that in vitro matured oocytes can undergo fertilization and the resulting embryos may successfully lead to pregnancies. However, further research is needed to improve IVM technique to achieve success rate comparable to gonadotrophin stimulated cycles.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Pregnancy after assisted ejaculation procedures in men with spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVE: To present the results of fertility treatment in 28 men with spinal cord injury (SCI) and their partners. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: University hospital outpatient clinic and home. PATIENTS: Twenty-eight anejaculatory men with SCI and their partners seeking treatment for infertility. INTERVENTION: Penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation as semen retrieval methods. Assisted reproductive techniques used: vaginal self-insemination at home, intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ejaculation rate; sperm count and motility; pregnancy rates. RESULTS: All of the men were able to ejaculate either by penile vibratory stimulation (79%) or electroejaculation (21%). Median total sperm count was 65 million (range, 0.1 to 480) with a median motility of 13% (range, 1% to 60%). Overall, 9 of 28 couples (32%) achieved 10 pregnancies (4 self-insemination, 3 intrauterine insemination, 1 in vitro fertilization, and 2 intracytoplasmic sperm injection). CONCLUSIONS: An ejaculation rate of 100% was achieved using penile vibratory stimulation as a first treatment option with electroejaculation as a second option. Motivated couples with adequate semen quality may be offered penile vibratory stimulation combined with self-insemination at home. Together with intrauterine insemination or fertilization techniques used in vitro, the pregnancy rate per treatment cycle for SCI couples may approach that of natural procreation in healthy and fertile couples.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Chromosome analysis of epididymal and testicular spermatozoa in patients with azoospermia.

Azoospermic patients can now father children once spermatozoa have been retrieved from the epididymis or the testis. However, there are concerns about the risk of chromosomal abnormalities since an increase in sperm aneuploidy rate has been reported in samples from patients with abnormal sperm parameters. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the sperm aneuploidy and diploidy rates for chromosomes 8, 12, 18, X and Y in spermatozoa extracted from the epididymes (n=10) or the testes (n=6) of patients with azoospermia. Ejaculated spermatozoa of healthy men (n=14) served as control. Epididymal and testicular spermatozoa had an aneuploidy rate significantly higher than that found in ejaculated spermatozoa. The aneuploidy and diploidy rates of testicular spermatozoa were higher, but not significantly different, than those found in epididymal spermatozoa. This study has shown that azoospermic patients have an increased sperm aneuploidy rate. They should therefore be given appropriate genetic counselling before entering in-vitro fertilisation programs.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Holding immature equine oocytes in the absence of meiotic inhibitors: effect on germinal vesicle chromatin and blastocyst development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Holding immature oocytes before the onset of maturation simplifies oocyte transport and aids in scheduling later manipulations. We report here a method for holding equine oocytes in the absence of meiotic inhibitors. In Experiment 1, immature oocytes with expanded cumuli were cultured at 38.2 degrees C in medium containing cycloheximide, or were held at room-temperature in M199 with Hanks' salts, for 16-18 h before maturation. Control oocytes were matured immediately after recovery. Oocytes were fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and cultured for 4d. Embryo development was not different among treatments. In Experiment 2, oocytes were treated as in Experiment 1, but embryos were cultured for 7.5d. Blastocyst development was significantly lower in the cycloheximide-treated group than in controls (7% versus 30%) with the room-temperature group intermediate (16%). In Experiment 3, oocytes were cultured at 38.2 degrees C in medium containing roscovitine, or were held at room temperature in sealed glass vials in a mixture of 40% M199 with Earle's salts, 40% M199 with Hanks' salts, and 20% FBS (EH treatment) for 16-18 h, before maturation, sperm injection, and embryo culture for 7.5d. Blastocyst development of oocytes in the EH treatment was significantly higher than that for roscovitine-treated oocytes (34% versus 12%), but not significantly different from that for controls (25%). Oocytes in the EH treatment did not mature during holding (70% germinal vesicle stage after 18 h holding). Whereas culture with cycloheximide or roscovitine of equine oocytes with expanded cumuli reduced subsequent blastocyst formation, these oocytes could be held in a modified M199 at room temperature overnight without adverse affecting meiotic or developmental competence.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Within-subject variations of sperm parameters and their importance in an in vitro fertilization program.

Spermiograms of 150 males were assessed, in view of studying them before an in vitro fertilization attempt. Within subject variations were determined with regard to sperm count and spermatozoal motility pattern. Ultimately these results were compared to the seminological parameters studied at the time of the in vitro-fertilization attempt. Overall results showed a clear drop in semen parameters at the time of egg retrieval. This drop was more marked when semen parameters were amongst the higher values at the start.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

The outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection is unrelated to 'strict criteria' sperm morphology.

Sperm morphology was assessed according to the 'strict criteria' established for in-vitro fertilization treatment in the semen samples used for 354 consecutive treatment cycles for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The semen samples were classified according to the three predictive categories of the Tygerberg strict criteria: excellent prognosis (>14% morphologically normal spermatozoa), good prognosis (4-14%) and poor prognosis (<4%). It was found that 37 (10.5%) of the ICSI cycles belonged to the excellent prognosis category, 197 (55.6%) to the good prognosis category, and 120 (33.9%) to the poor prognosis category. The outcomes of the ICSI treatments were evaluated and compared with the sperm morphology classification in order to determine whether the strict criteria could aid in predicting the outcome of ICSI. The fertilization rates in the three categories were 61.6, 66.8, and 61.9%, the pregnancy rates per oocyte retrieval 18.9, 24.9, and 28.3%, and the implantation rates 9.9, 13.0, and 14.9% respectively. No significant differences were found in fertilization, pregnancy, or implantation rates between the three prognosis categories, i.e. the poor prognosis category had an equal chance of obtaining pregnancy compared with the good prognosis category. The results indicate that strict sperm morphology is not related to the outcome of ICSI.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitory effects of monoclonal sperm antibodies on the fertilization of mouse oocytes in vitro and in vivo.

The inhibitory effects of monoclonal antibodies on the fertilization of mouse oocytes were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Among the 40 sperm-specific monoclonal antibodies that had been examined, nine showed significant inhibition of the fertilization of mouse oocytes in vitro. MS 204 was shown to cause a high incidence of penetration of the zona pellucida of mouse eggs by multiple sperm, when the sperm concentration for insemination exceeds 1 X 10(5)/ml. This antibody prevented further penetration of the vitelline membrane by sperm. On the other hand, sperm penetration to zona was inhibited in the presence of MS 207. However, neither MS 204 nor MS 207 caused significant inhibition of penetration of zona-free mouse or hamster eggs by sperm. MS 204 and MS 207 were also found to inhibit the fertilization of mouse oocytes in vivo and embryo development in vitro, when superovulated mice were injected intraperitoneally with given doses of antibodies prior to the mating. Further in vitro culture of the recovered 2-cell oocytes revealed little or no further embryo development beyond two- to four-cell stages. In the controls, greater than 80% of the retrieved oocytes were fertilized and successively developed to the blastocyst stages in vitro when the ascites fluid from NS-1 cells was administered. Two of the monoclonal antibodies generated against human sperm antigens, HS 11 and HS 63, were shown to cross-react specifically with mouse sperm acrosomal antigens and also inhibited the fertilization of mouse oocytes in vitro and in vivo. The results of this study suggest that some monoclonal antibodies to sperm acrosomal antigens exhibit strongly inhibitory effects on the in vitro and in vivo fertilization of mouse oocytes as well as subsequent development of early embryos. As a comparative control, rabbit antisera against sperm-specific enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase-X and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase-2, showed little or no inhibition on the fertilization of mouse oocytes in vitro or in vivo or the subsequent embryo development.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection does not overcome an oocyte defect in previous fertilization failure with conventional in-vitro fertilization and normal spermatozoa.

A cohort comprising a total of 447 oocyte aspirations due to male factors (n = 258) or to previous fertilization failure by IVF in the presence of normal sperm parameters (n = 189) was studied. We found a significantly reduced implantation and pregnancy rate per transfer in the group with previously failed IVF attempts compared to the male factor group (P < 0.001). No differences were found in age, number of oocytes retrieved, number of embryos transferred or quality of embryos scored at the time of transfer. However, the fertilization and cleavage rates were found to be reduced in the group with previous failed IVF cycles. It is therefore concluded that previous fertilization failure despite normal sperm parameters in an IVF cycle may not be alleviated by the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure. These patients might suffer from oocyte defects as well.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed2003

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection and conventional in vitro fertilization are complementary techniques in management of unexplained infertility.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of ICSI in unexplained infertility. METHODS: In 125 cycles with six or more oocytes retrieved per cycle, sibling oocytes were randomly allocated to IVF or ICSI (group A). In 74 cycles with less than six oocytes retrieved per cycle, cycles were allocated to IVF or ICSI (group B). RESULTS: In group A, ICSI fertilization rate of 61% per allocated oocyte was higher than IVF fertilization rate of 51.6% (P < 0.001). Complete fertilization failure occurred in 19.2 and 0.8% of cycles in IVF and ICSI, respectively (P < 0.001). In group B, fertilization rate in IVF cycles was 53.3% as compared to 60.7% per allocated oocyte in the ICSI cycles (P = 0.29). Complete fertilization failure was higher (P = 0.02) in conventional IVF (34.3%) than ICSI cycles (10.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Allocation of sibling oocytes to IVF and ICSI in the first cycle minimizes risk of fertilization failure. For patients with limited number of oocytes, ICSI technique is recommended.

Adult↗