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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Recent results of clinical studies of synergistic treatment in obstructive respiratory tract diseases].

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tree, characterised by reversible obturation, bronchial mucosal inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In the treatment of asthma, most important is avoidance of provoking allergens and regular anti-inflammatory treatment with inhaled glucocorticosteroids. For patients, very important is quick relief from asthma symptoms, this is why they prefer fast and long acting beta 2-agonists as a symptomatic treatment. Optimal control of asthma symptoms can be achieved with combination treatment consisting of inhaled glucocorticosteroid and beta 2-agonist. Budesonide is a corticosteroid that treats the underlying airway inflammation in asthma; formoterol is a fast and long-acting beta 2-agonist that prevents and reverses airway obstruction. Thus budesonide and formoterol have complementary effects, treating two different components of asthma. Clinical studies show that in the treatment of asthma Symbicort is more effective than double dose GCS, due to the budesonide/formoterol synergy. It is at least as effective, well tolerated and safe as its mono-products in corresponding doses given via separate inhalers. More convenient treatment represents an important benefit for patients with asthma. Symbicort is recommended for regular treatment and could also be used "as needed" due to the rapid onset of the bronchodilatory effect of formoterol.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1977

[Use of aerosols in obstructive respiratory tract diseases. Clinical-pharmacological studies using fenoterol, salbutamol, ipratropium bromide and terbutaline].

The acute bronchodilator effect of aerosolized fenoterol, salbutamol, ipratropium bromide, and terbutaline was tested in single-blind cross-over trials by whole body plethysmography. In 4 different series, patients with chronic obstructive airway disease were investigated using combined alternating medication. Only commercially available metered dose inhalers were included in this study. Special attention was paid to comparison of the efficacy of administration by the investigator and by the patients themselves. The doses recommended by the manufacturers sometimes resulted in widely different bronchodilation when the metered dose inhalers were administered by the patients. Some possible reasons for these results and some implications with regard to different types of inhalers, single doses, instruction of the patients and evaluation of clinical trials are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Obstructive respiratory tract diseases--new standards in therapy].

AIMS: Presentation of modern-day therapeutic procedures in various stages of obstructive airway diseases. MAIN TOPICS: Subacute bronchitis and hypersensitivity of the bronchial system are early symptoms of obstructive diseases of the airways. Highly effective prophylactic treatment includes adrenocortical hormones (ACH) (corticosteroid) inhalation and antibiotics used individually or in combination for a variety of indications, are now available. In cases of manifest airway obstruction (Stage B), bronchodilators are additionally required. Of those presently available, the beta 2 sympathicomimetics head the list. For anticholinergics and theophylline there are additional indications. If the resulting response is unsatisfactory, oral ACH must be employed in addition to ACH inhalation and bronchodilators. Cromoglycate administered for a period of four to six weeks should always be tried. In the stage of severe exacerbation (C), intravenous water-soluble ACH in combination with antibiotics, are necessary. The entire spectrum of bronchodilators should also be utilized. Functional analysis during treatment prevents under- or overtreatment. CONCLUSIONS: In particular in the early stages, the aim of treatment of obstructive airway diseases is prophylactic.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

[Therapy of respiratory tract diseases with N-acetylcysteine. An open therapeutic observation study of 2,512 patients].

STUDY DESIGN: Open therapeutic observational study. PATIENTS: 2,510 patients with acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, and emphysema. TREATMENT: 4-week treatment with N-acetylcystein administered three times a day 200 mg dissolved (n = 1734) or undissolved (n = 608) or at some other, usually lower, dosage (n = 173). During the f-week treatment phase, any other drugs being taken were neither discontinued nor changed. TARGET PARAMETERS: In addition to 1-sec capacity (FEV1), various, mainly subjective, parameters were noted, in particular coughing, amount and nature of expectorate. RESULTS: for the evaluation, the patients were assigned either to the acute bronchitis or the chronic bronchitis group; the latter group also contained patients with other diseases, such as asthma and emphysema, since such conditions often presented simultaneously. All selected parameters clearly improved under treatment, equally in the acute and chronic bronchitis groups. As expected, the mucolytic effect was very pronounced, the 1-sec capacity increased significantly. No major difference was to be found in the results observed in patients on and those not on other additional medication.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of structured ambulatory training of patients with chronic respiratory tract diseases on the efficiency of long-term care].

In spite of the availability and widespread use of a number of effective medications, the frequency of severe attacks of asthma bronchiale including those with fatal outcome has not decreased. One possible reason for this is the delay in therapeutic intervention of up to 30 minutes resulting either from transport time to a hospital or from the response time of mobile ambulance services. Treatment delays are also frequent co-factors for decreased well-being in non-emergency cases. Prompt initiation of countermeasures, regardless of time or place, can only be guaranteed when the patient himself is capable of carrying them out with the same expertise as his attending physician. Toward this end, a model patient-training program was investigated. The didactic goal of the training was to make the patient an expert in his chronic disease. The medical goal of the training was to improve the quality of a complex long-term therapy and with it, the patient's well-being and quality of life. The content of the training corresponded largely to that contained in a lecture series for medical students or physicians on the same subject. Style and choice of words (avoidance or explanation of medical terminology) was of course adapted to the lay-status of the patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from patients of respiratory tract disease & environmental samples.

In this preliminary study 45 patients suffering from pneumonia were screened for L. pneumophila. Also 17 random environmental samples viz., water from cooling system used for air-conditioning units and samples from respirator-humidifier were screened. Four of 45 (9%) clinical specimens and 13 of 17 (76%) environmental samples showed presence of L. pneumophila. This is the first report from India of the isolation on L. pneumophila.

Air Conditioning↗
PubMed1976

[Therapy of chronic non-specific respiratory tract diseases. 2. Therapy of infection, oxygen therapy, supplementary therapy].

Based on the pathological findings and functional analysis treatment of chronic non-specific lung disease (CNSLD) consists in improvement of secretion disorders and airways obstruction as well as in antiphlogistic treatment. The agents and drugs for therapy of pulmonary impairment are reviewed, the efficacy, way of administration, and side effects are outlined. Drug therapy is complemented by digitalis, oxygen administration, physical measures, and causative therapy. With these complex therapeutic efforts an effective therapy of chronic non-specific lung diseases is possible.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗