Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Public Health Informatics”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

A power information user (PIU) model to promote information integration in Tennessee's public health community.

Observation and immersion in the user community are critical factors in designing and implementing informatics solutions; such practices ensure relevant interventions and promote user acceptance. Libraries can adapt these strategies to developing instruction and outreach. While needs assessment is typically a core facet of library instruction, sustained, iterative assessment underlying the development of user-centered instruction is key to integrating resource use into the workflow. This paper describes the Eskind Biomedical Library's (EBL's) recent work with the Tennessee public health community to articulate a training model centered around developing power information users (PIUs). PIUs are community-based individuals with an advanced understanding of information seeking and resource use and are committed to championing information integration. As model development was informed by observation of PIU workflow and information needs, it also allowed for informal testing of the applicability of assessment via domain immersion in library outreach. Though the number of PIUs involved in the project was small, evaluation indicated that the model was useful for promoting information use in PIU workgroups and that the concept of domain immersion was relevant to library-related projects. Moreover, EBL continues to employ principles of domain understanding inherent in the PIU model to develop further interventions for the public health community and library users.

Access to Information↗
PubMed2001

Consumer health informatics: a consensus description and commentary from American Medical Informatics Association members.

BACKGROUND: Although interest in Consumer Health Informatics (CHI) has increased, a consensus definition of CHI does not yet exist. PURPOSE: To conduct a hypothesis-generating survey of AMIA members regarding definition and research agenda for CHI. METHODS: We solicited participation among AMIA members in an Internet-based survey focusing on issues related to a definition of CHI. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-five AMIA members responded. Participants indicated a broad spectrum of topics important to CHI including "self-help for disease management" and "patient access to their own medical records." CHI research was felt to rely heavily on public health methods such as epidemiology and outcomes research, a paradigm shift from traditional medical informatics. Responses indicated a perceived lack of funding and need for further research in CHI. CONCLUSIONS: A working definition should emphasize the multidisciplinary nature of CHI, include consumer input into CHI design, and focus on public health approaches to evaluation.

Community Participation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence-based patient choice and consumer health informatics in the Internet age.

In this paper we explore current access to and barriers to health information for consumers. We discuss how computers and other developments in information technology are ushering in the era of consumer health informatics, and the potential that lies ahead. It is clear that we witness a period in which the public will have unprecedented ability to access information and to participate actively in evidence-based health care. We propose that consumer health informatics be regarded as a whole new academic discipline, one that should be devoted to the exploration of the new possibilities that informatics is creating for consumers in relation to health and health care issues.

Access to Information↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Planned NLM/AHCPR large-scale vocabulary test: using UMLS technology to determine the extent to which controlled vocabularies cover terminology needed for health care and public health.

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) are sponsoring a test to determine the extent to which a combination of existing health-related terminologies covers vocabulary needed in health information systems. The test vocabularies are the 30 that are fully or partially represented in the 1996 edition of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Metathesaurus, plus three planned additions: the portions of SNOMED International not in the 1996 Metathesaurus Read Clinical Classification, and the Logical Observations Identifiers, Names, and Codes (LOINC) system. These vocabularies are available to testers through a special interface to the Internet-based UMLS Knowledge Source Server. The test will determine the ability of the test vocabularies to serve as a source of controlled vocabulary for health data systems and applications. It should provide the basis for realistic resource estimates for developing and maintaining a comprehensive "standard" health vocabulary that is based on existing terminologies.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2000

Global health challenges: trends in public health training, research and advocacy.

As we begin the 21st century, public health is at the crossroads in trying to understand the relative importance of health determinants in risk exposures, and the collective susceptibility of our societies. Classically conditioned attitudes of investigation, instruction, and exposition in the management of acute disease breaks down, when disease surveillance becomes virtually useless as in the prevention of chronic conditions. Older populations, new lifestyle changes, environmental hazards and urbanization have converged to make social class and poverty predominant factors in the expression of morbidity and mortality. In the process, the comfort of specific disease eradication is replaced by continuous challenges in dealing with the dynamics of social change--behaviors in diet and exercise--as well as the globalization of poverty, addiction, injury and violence. The consequent dilemma to develop a base for public health intervention, a strategy for training and a platform for advocacy for health improvement shows an eclectic pattern. The traditional clinically oriented perspective has moved towards a comprehensive population-based disease management model. A second trend with a somewhat narrowed vision for public health is the one focused on cost containment limiting preventive care. As technological advances in genetics and medicine and health informatics brings more rational, evidence based management in health care, two major gaps in public health training continues to persist. One is the lack of adequate attention to social class and poverty as a major pervasive factor. The other relates to the inability to address effectively, injury, violence, and mini wars diluting the value perspectives and advocacy in public health.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The new informatics of national healthcare reform.

The President's Health Security Act has succeeded in attracting America's attention. Several of its initiatives have been well-publicized and hotly debated in Congress. The act also includes a number of implications for healthcare informatics, and devotes an entire chapter to this subject, although this area has not received as much publicity. Every behavioral healthcare provider's information system would be significantly affected by enactment of the Health Security Act. Selected forms and data elements for the management and delivery of behavioral healthcare services would need to be standardized. Organizations of behavioral healthcare providers, managed care companies and purchasers would increasingly share selected patient and subscriber information in aggregated form, for a variety of purposes. As a result, tougher laws to protect patient data privacy will likely be forthcoming. The following article gives an overview of the informatics needs of the soon-to-be reformed American healthcare system, into which behavioral healthcare will be integrated. As part of the larger system, behavioral healthcare services and information systems will need to comply with the same guidelines and requirements, outlined below, as other healthcare providers. Preparation to meet the information demands of the evolving healthcare system will require adaptation of existing computerized information systems, utilization of new technology, consultation with the system's major shareholders and attention to continuous quality improvement processes.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2000

Health informatics in the context of user ownership.

Of fundamental importance to the successful implementation of health information systems is the public and professional acceptability of their inclusion in the healthcare process. Surprisingly, the health care sector is embracing the informatics revolution somewhat reluctantly. Even in the areas that progress can be seen and assessed, the rate of change is erratic and inconsistent when compared across the spectrum of health care informatics. The mystery intensifies if one considers the situation in global scale: despite the diversity in approaches and models used, the reluctance perseveres. One can only suspect that there is a common, underlying, reason which slows down the process and forces the whole sector in being reluctant to accept change.

Diffusion of Innovation↗
PubMed2006

Modeling in biomedical informatics--an exploratory analysis (part 1).

OBJECTIVES: Modeling is a significant part of research, education and practice in biomedical and health informatics. Our objective was to explore, which types of models of processes are used in current biomedical/health informatics research, as reflected in publications of scientific journals in this field. Also the implications for medical informatics curricula were investigated. METHODS: Retrospective, prolective observational study on recent publications of the two official journals of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), the International Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI) and Methods of Information in Medicine (MIM). RESULTS: 384 publications have been analyzed, 190 of IJMI and 194 of MIM. In regular papers (69 in IJMI, 62 in MIM), analyzed here in part 1, all of these model types could be found. In many publications we observed a mixture of models, being used to solve the 'core' research questions and also to systematically evaluate the research done. Knowledge of (and models for) software engineering and project management are also often needed. IJMI seems to have a closer focus on research concerning health information systems and electronic patient records, with a strong emphasis on evaluation. MIM seems to have a broader range of research approaches, including also statistical modeling and computational intensive approaches. The aim to provide solutions for problems related to data, information and knowledge processing and to study the general principles of processing data, information and knowledge in medicine and health care in order to contribute to improve the quality of health care, and of research and education in medicine and the health sciences was given in all publications. CONCLUSIONS: Modeling continues to be a major task in research, education and practice in biomedical and health informatics. Knowledge and skills concerning a broad range of model types is needed.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Integrating medical informatics and health services research: the need for dual training at the clinical health systems and policy levels.

Reams of data pertaining directly to the core health services research mission are accumulating in large-scale organizational and clinical information systems. Health services researchers who grasp the structure of information systems and databases and the function of software applications can use existing data more effectively, assist in establishing new databases, and develop new tools to survey populations and collect data. At the same time, informaticians are needed who can structure databases that serve the needs of health service research and who can design and evaluate applications that effectively improve health care delivery. As long as health services researchers and informaticians work in separate spheres, however, opportunities to use data from health care encounters to improve care, expand knowledge, and develop more effective policies will be missed. This paper provides a brief exploration of 1) existing successful collaborations between health services researchers and informaticians and 2) needs and opportunities for additional joint work in several core research areas.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

From research to "best practices" in other settings and populations.

OBJECTIVE: To review the genesis and current status of best practices" thinking, its application in health promotion practice, and in generalizing research to alternate populations, places and times. METHODS: A presbyopic eye is cast over the recent evolution of the concept of "best practices" from medicine to public health. RESULTS: Some discontinuities are found in the migration of this concept from medicine, where it applies with some consistency to the relatively homogeneous physiology of the human species, to health behaviorwhere social, cultural, economic, and other heterogeneities make the generalizability of any research more suspect. CONCLUSIONS: Health promotion and other applications of health behavioral research need to replace "best practices" with "best processes."

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2004

Should dentistry be part of the National Health Information Infrastructure?

BACKGROUND: The National Health Information Infrastructure, or NHII, proposes to improve the effectiveness, efficiency and overall quality of health in the United States by establishing a national, electronic information network for health care. To date, dentistry's integration into this network has not been discussed widely. METHODS: The author reviews the NHII and its goals and structure through published reports and background literature. The author evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the NHII regarding their implications for the dental care system. RESULTS: The NHII proposes to implement computer-based patient records, or CPRs, for most Americans by 2014, connect personal health information with other clinical and public health information, and enable different types of care providers to access CPRs. Advantages of the NHII include transparency of health information across health care providers, potentially increased involvement of patients in their care, better clinical decision making through connecting patient-specific information with the best clinical evidence, increased efficiency, enhanced bioterrorism defense and potential cost savings. Challenges in the implementation of the NHII in dentistry include limited use of CPRs, required investments in information technology, limited availability and adoption of standards, and perceived threats to privacy and confidentiality. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of the NHII is making rapid strides. Dentistry should become an active participant in the NHII and work to ensure that the needs of dental patients and the profession are met. Practice Implications. The NHII has far-reaching implications on dental practice by making it easier to access relevant patient information and by helping to improve clinical decision making.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of PHN competencies and ACHNE essentials to develop teaching-learning strategies for generalist C/PHN curricula.

This paper provides a useful tool for the undergraduate community/public health nursing (C/PHN) faculty member to design courses and learning activities, and to interpret C/PHN education needs to undergraduate curriculum committees and administrators. Specifically, this paper provides a tangible bridge between the Public Health Nursing Competencies (Quad Council of Public Health Nursing Organizations, 2004) and the Association of Community Health Nursing Educators (ACHNE) Essentials of Baccalaureate Education (2000) for both didactic and clinical learning experiences. The tables may be used in multiple ways, including curriculum monitoring and improvement, course development and instructional design, clinical practice planning, and as a foundation for evaluation of conceptual learning and practice competence for the C/PHN generalist. Because C/PHN experiences in undergraduate education are unique and context based, the tables exemplify how two key guiding documents mutually frame the C/PHN educational experience supported by specific learning activities. Further, at a minimum, MSN preparation as a C/PHN specialist is clearly necessary for the teaching and learning of baccalaureate curricular components of C/PHN.

Case Management↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The University of Zagreb Medical School and the war in Croatia 1991-1992].

School of Medicine, University of Zagreb (as an institution as well as through the efforts of individual faculty and staff members) has actively participated in all the phases of the war against Croatia: the preparatory phase (1990 and the first half of 1991), the phase of local war (July and August 1991) and the phase of total war (September 1991 to January 1992). In defense preparations, leading faculty members, supervised by the Croatian Government, have: 1. prepared the University hospitals for the case of mass casualties, 2. initiated donation of essential medical supplies and equipment, and 3. prepared the preclinical staff and facilities for research, documentation and information services for Crisis management. On July 11, 1992, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia formed the Medical Headquarters to coordinate the health services in the defense of Croatia. Several faculty members were appointed heads of the following Headquarters divisions: Division of Informatics and Research, Division of Education and Publicity, Division of Toxicology, The Fourth Echelon, Division of Mental Health and Division of Rehabilitation. Assistant lecturers, technicians and students actively joined work in the Division of Donations, which acquired and provided almost all medical supplies used in our battlefields and hospitals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Croatia↗