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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Effects of physical training in a hypobaric chamber on the physical performance of competitive triathletes.

The effects of training in a hypobaric chamber on aerobic metabolism were studied in five high performance triathletes. During 3 weeks, the subjects modified their usual training schedule (approximately 30 h a week), replacing three sessions of bicycling exercise by three sessions on a cycle ergometer in a hypobaric chamber simulating an altitude of 4,000 m (462 mm Hg). Prior to and after training in the hypobaric chamber the triathletes performed maximal and submaximal exercise in normoxia and hypoxia (462 mm g). Respiratory and cardiac parameters were recorded during exercise. Lactacidaemia was measured during maximal exercise. Blood samples were drawn once a week to monitor blood cell parameters and erythropoetin concentrations. Training in the hypobaric chamber had no effect on erythropoiesis, the concentrations of erythropoetin always remaining unchanged, and no effect on the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and maximal aerobic capacity measured in normoxia or hypoxia. Submaximal performance increased by 34% during a submaximal exhausting exercise performed at a simulated altitude of 2,000 m. During a submaximal nonexhausting test, ventilation values tended to decrease for similar exercise intensities after training in hypoxia. The changes in these parameters and the improved performance found for submaximal exercise may have been the result of changes taking place in muscle tissue or the result of training the respiratory muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Physical activity, physical fitness, and psychological characteristics of medical students.

Exercise habits, cardiovascular fitness, and selected psychological characteristics were assessed in a sample of over 200 men and women at entrance to medical school. Fitness was measured with a step test, and other variables were measured with standardized questionnaires. Anger ('anger-in') showed the strongest negative correlation with both exercise and fitness. Anger suppression, Type A behavior, and daily stress showed significant negative correlations with both exercise and fitness variables, although the strengths of these associations were uniformly weak. Associations of exercise/fitness with depression and total anger inventory were nonsignificant. Few gender differences were found. Both exercise and fitness showed similar patterns of association with psychological variables. Both exercise and fitness were associated with a style of anger expression that has been found to be related to cardiovascular risk in other studies.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

Study on threshold dose of physical activity in coronary heart disease prevention. Part I. Relationship between leisure time physical activity and coronary risk factors.

This study performed on 146 healthy men aged 30-55 years involved in recreational training for several years has demonstrated a relationship between an approximate metabolic cost of leisure time sports activities with an energy expenditure greater than 5 kcal/min (greater than 21 kJ) and the total coronary risk score, % body fat, HDL cholesterol concentration, smoking frequency, and aerobic capacity indices. These data as well as the preliminary results of a long-term study demonstrate that regular endurance training with an exercise intensity greater than 5 kcal/min (greater than 21 kJ) and a total energy expenditure of 1000-1499 kcal/week (4187-6279 kJ) may be a threshold dose of exercise effective for prevention of coronary heart disease and promotion of health.

Adult↗