Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Operating Rooms”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

DNA and chromosome alterations in lymphocytes of operating room personnel and in patients before and after inhalation anaesthesia.

In order to evaluate the possible genotoxic effects of inhalation anaesthetics, the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations was studied in peripheral lymphocytes of control subjects, operating room personnel and patients before and after inhalation anaesthesia during orthopaedic operations. In the patients, the frequency of DNA breaks was studied as well. None of the genotoxic parameters showed an increase which could be related to anaesthetic exposure. The frequency of sister chromatid exchange was very similar in the control and personnel groups, as well as in patients before and after operation. The frequency of chromosome aberrations was unusually low in the control group, whereas the personnel and patient groups showed normal levels of chromosome aberrations which did not differ from previously studied control groups. There was no statistical difference in the frequency of chromosome aberrations or DNA breaks in the patient group after, as compared to before, operation. Smokers were found to have a significantly increased frequency of chromosome gaps compared to nonsmokers, but there was no indication that this difference was related to anaesthetic exposure. The data presented give no indications of genotoxic effects in vivo of inhalation anaesthetics by either occupational exposure to waste anaesthetic gases, or anaesthesia during operation. On the other hand, our present data do not contradict previous data indicating that hospital personnel, irrespective of exposure to inhalation anaesthetics, may have a small average increase of chromosome abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Using queueing theory to determine operating room staffing needs.

BACKGROUND: To meet American College of Surgeons criteria, Level I and II trauma centers are required to have in-house operating room (OR) staff 24 hours per day. According to the number of emergency cases occurring, hospitals may have varying needs for OR staffing during the night shift. Queueing theory, the analysis of historic data to provide optimal service while minimizing waiting, is an objective method of determining staffing needs during any time period. This study was done to determine the need to activate a backup OR team during the night shift at a designated, verified Level II trauma center. METHODS: The basic queueing theory formula for a single-phase, single-channel system was applied to patients needing the services of the OR. The mean arrival rate was determined by dividing the number of actual cases by 2,920 hours in a year (8 hours per night x 365). The mean service rate is determined by averaging the length of the actual cases during the period studied. Using the mean arrival rate and the mean service rate, the probability of two or more patients needing the OR at the same time was determined. This probability was used to reflect the likelihood of needing to activate the backup OR team. Simulation was then used to calculate the same probability and validate the results obtained from the queueing model. RESULTS: All OR cases (n = 62) beginning after 11 PM and before 7 AM from July 1, 1996, through June 30, 1997, were analyzed. During the study period, the average arrival rate (A) was one patient every 5.9 days (0.0212 patient every hour), with an average service rate (mu) of 80.79 minutes per patient (0.7427 patients per hour). According to queueing theory, lambda = 0.0212 patients per hour, mu = 0.7427 patients per hour, lambda/mu = 0.0285, the probability of no patients being in the system (P0) = 0.9714, P1 = 0.0278, P> or =2 = 1 - (0.0278 + 0.9714) = 0.0008. The probability of two or more cases occurring simultaneously on the night shift is less than 0.1%. CONCLUSION: In our institution, activation of a second OR team is unnecessary when the first team is busy with a case on the night shift because the likelihood of two cases occurring concurrently is less than one in a thousand. Queueing theory can be a valuable tool to use in determining the staffing needs of many hospital departments. Trauma centers should apply this mathematical model in optimizing the use of their operational resource.

Connecticut↗
PubMed2003

Physicians' perceptions of minimum time that should be saved to move a surgical case from one operating room to another: internet-based survey of the membership of the Association of Anesthesia Clinical Directors (AACD).

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Moving the last case of the day from one operating room (OR) to another OR can increase OR efficiency. However, there is a penalty cost for moving a case. The goal of the study was to measure perceptions of the minimum time that needs to be saved for it to be worthwhile to move a case from a late-running OR to another OR. DESIGN: Internet-based survey of the Association of Anesthesia Clinical Directors (AACD) and/or attendees at one of its courses. As subjects completed the computer-assisted survey, answers to test questions were checked immediately to ensure respondents understood the relevant concepts. MEASUREMENTS: Respondents were asked to complete the statement: "I would move the case if I would expect to save ____ hours of overutilized OR time." MAIN RESULTS: 234 E-mail invitations to complete the survey were transmitted. Of that number, 87 completed surveys were returned. Respondents were physicians, mostly from the United States. The 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of the penalty cost were 1.0 hour of overutilized OR time. The 95% confidence intervals were 0.5 to 1.0 hour for the 25th percentile, 1.0 to 1.0 hour for the 50th percentile, and 1.0 to 2.0 hours for the 75th percentile. There was no significant correlation between the penalty cost and the number of ORs at the respondent's facility, number of times the survey was submitted until it was completed correctly, or total number of errors in responses. CONCLUSIONS: Members of the AACD perceive the penalty cost for moving a case to be 1 hour.

Anesthesia Department, Hospital↗
PubMed1990

The operational realities and lessons learned in setting up a functional medical unit, self-contained transportable operating room to support a fixed facility.

Routine surgical care at Cutler Army Community Hospital (CACH), Fort Devens, Massachusetts was interrupted for almost 2 months while the operating room floors of the hospital were renovated. Surgical capabilities were maintained utilizing the field resources of the 46th Combat Support Hospital (CSH). This initiative required the exceedingly close coordination and combined efforts of both medical commands superimposed on a matrix of finite installation support and community acceptance, fostered by a proactive, highly visible public relations program. The joint venture was an unequivocal success in terms of maintaining the continuity of operations, demonstrating the real-life capabilities of surgical field equipment, and providing invaluable first-hand "do's and don'ts" training experience to the soldiers involved in the project. A "lessons learned perspective" of the planning and implementation phases is presented that provides beneficial real-life reference information and resource data.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Frequency of anesthetic cardiac arrest and death in the operating room at a single general hospital over a 30-year period.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the anesthetic cardiac arrest (CA) and death rates in the operating room (OR) and to determine whether anesthetic CA and death are preventable. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: OR suite of a general teaching hospital. PATIENTS: 85,708 patients undergoing surgery over a 30-year period. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Anesthetic CAs and deaths were identified, their causes and preventability were determined on the day of occurrence, and they were recorded over the years 1962 to 1992. Four anesthetic CAs (0.5 arrest per 10,000 anesthetics) and 1 death (0.1 death per 10,000 anesthetics) occurred during the 30-year study period. CONCLUSIONS: The results of 30 years' experience do not support the hypothesis that all anesthetic CAs and deaths are preventable. However, careful clinical management can reduce their frequency to a level lower than those reported in the referenced literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Radiation dosage of the surgery from intraoperative roentgen procedures: risks and dose management in the operating room].

A prospective study of 24 operative procedures with fluoroscopic guidance was undertaken to measure the radiation exposure of the primary surgeon. The dose received per procedure ranged from 0.6 to 259.3 microSv and was well within the government guidelines. An in vitro study during lateral fluoroscopy proved the position of the surgeon close to the image converter was irradiated with less scatter.

Body Burden↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How hospitals manage operating room delays.

This article reports the background and findings of a study made in late summer of 1987 on the incidence and management of some factors identified as contributing to delays, and thus inefficiency, in operating room utilization.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1999

Teleradiology in the operating room of the future.

Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are rapidly making this modality the imaging method of choice for image-guided neurosurgical operations. However, to be ready for its prime time in the operating room (OR), utilization of MRI in the OR requires development of better techniques for image-guided navigation, as well as interactive real-time teleradiologic methods that will allow tele-collaboration between the surgeon and the radiologist. This presentation describes our work in progress toward achievement of teleradiology in the OR.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1982

Trauma operating room in conjunction with an air ambulance system: indications, interventions, and outcomes.

We report a retrospective study of 198 trauma patients brought directly to a trauma operating room by an air ambulance system. Despite rapid transport, expert prehospital resuscitation, and the capability of early surgical intervention, the overall mortality was high (57%). There was no significant salvage of patients arriving without pulse, blood pressure or cardiac activity. Optimal trauma care failed to show encouraging results in this preselected group of patients with predominantly blunt and multisystem injury. The justification and cost effectiveness of this system of trauma care is discussed.

Adolescent↗