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Results for “Obsessive Behavior”

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PubMed2000

The impact of severe stalking experienced by acutely battered women: an examination of violence, psychological symptoms and strategic responding.

Stalking has been relatively understudied compared to other dimensions of intimate partner violence. The purpose of this article was to examine concurrent and subsequent intimate partner abuse, strategic responses and symptomatic consequences of severe stalking experienced by battered women. Thirty-five battered women classified as "relentlessly stalked" and 31 infrequently stalked battered women were compared. Compared to infrequently stalked battered women, relentlessly stalked battered women reported: (a) more severe concurrent physical violence, sexual assault and emotional abuse: (b) increased post-separation assault and stalking; (c) increased rates of depression and PTSD; and (d) more extensive use of strategic responses to abuse. Results underscore the scope and magnitude of stalking faced by battered women and have implications for assessment and intervention strategies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Psychological aspects of contrast obsessions].

The paper presents a clinical-psychological examination of 40 patients with contrast obsessions of homicidal- and suicidal-phobic contents. The cohort of patients was divided into two groups by the prevalence of the possibility to commit either autodestructive and criminal actions (group 1-24 patients) or violence and murder (group 2-16 patients) in clinical picture of contrast phobias with anxious apprehension. It was found that in patients of group 1 pathology of personality presented with disorders of the hysteric-hyperthymic sphere together with features of overanxiety, while in patients of group 2--with disorders of the anancastic-schizoid sphere. Differences between the groups in terms of the objective direction of anxiety were associated with peculiarities of the structure of the personality: in group 1 the choice of the object of anxiety from the individuals of the nearest surrounding or the very patient himself, was determined by diffusion or widening of Ego boundaries and identification of patients with their microsocial environment; in group 2 the choice of such object of the "accidental other" was determined by the fixing, narrowing of Ego boundaries and by separation from the microsocial environment. Chronological direction of the anxiety in group 1 was conditioned by the peculiarities of the imagination function: hypertrophy of fantasy, abundance of the means of the symbolization of intrapsychic experience and emotional style of thinking determined an anticipatory anxiety; while an insufficiency of fantasy, alexythymia and the operational style of thinking in group 2 determined a retrospective anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Cultural stereotype of the effects of religion on mental health.

To examine if the religious are more likely to be rated as having a poorer mental health than the non-religious, 48 Northern Irish undergraduate students completed self-report measures of religious attitude and mental health under four counter-balanced conditions: 'control' (present yourself 'as you really are') and as how 'religious', 'nonreligious', and 'mentally ill' respondents might be thought to answer. The 'religious' condition provided significantly higher scores for both the Obsessional Symptom Scale and the Obsessional Personality Trait Scale and significantly lower Psychoticism Scale scores than the 'non-religious' condition. Moreover, significant associations were found between higher scores on the religiosity scale and higher scores on the Obsessional Personality Trait Scale in two of the four conditions ('religious' and 'mentally ill') and lower scores on the Psychoticism Scale in three of the four conditions ('control', 'religious', and 'mentally ill'). These results suggest that the religious are viewed paradoxically as having both aspects of better (i.e. lower psychoticism scores) and poorer mental health (i.e. higher obsessional scores) than the non-religious. As such, the present findings provide some support for the existence of a powerful cultural stereotype of the religious.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Not Available].

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History, 20th Century↗
PubMed2002

[Obsessive doubts by contrast].

Obsessive doubts by contrast, along with traditional obsessions, refer to a kind of obsessive states, for which contrast content presentations provide a basis for obsession appearance accompanied by irresistible drive for walking off a psychogenic situation. Obsessive doubts by contrast are formed due to a conflict between equally attractive but incompatible wishes. The content of contrast throught is not absurd but reflects a real traumatizing situation. A study of 28 patients revealed they have psychasthenic accentuation as a personal feature in common. Obsessive doubts by contrast may develop both in the terms of affective disorders and schizotypical disorder (slow progredient schizophrenia). They have current character and in a number of cases transform into other obsessive-phobic states.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Borderline mental disorders in patients with prostate cancer].

Sixty five patients, aged 48-87, with prostate cancer at different stages were studied. Borderline mental disorders were found in all the patients. In the majority of them, affective disorders in the form of anxiety-depressive (52.3%) and astheno-depressive (24.6%) syndromes were observed. Astheno-hypochondriacal and dysphoric syndromes were detected less frequently (in 15.4% and 7.7% of the cases, respectively).

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of executive functions in children].

OBJECTIVES: This is a review of the available instruments to evaluate executive functions in children and adolescents. DEVELOPMENT: Executive functions (EF) give support for organization, anticipation, inhibition, working memory, flexibility, control and autoregulation of behavior. EF appear abnormal in several neurological an psychopathological conditions e.g. learning and behavior disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Tourette syndrome, Asperger syndrome, and temporal epilepsy. The large spectrum of the so called EF makes difficult to propose any simple and comprehensive instrument for evaluation. In spite of that, here are described the more useful tests adapted to developmental ages. CONCLUSIONS: The measure of FE in children and adolescents needs further developments of more solids theoretical models. Nevertheless, in the last recent years relevant progresses have been done, and several useful instruments of evaluation have been built for clinical practice and research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Female stalkers and their victims.

Demographic, clinical, and forensic data were gathered in an archival study of 82 female stalkers from the United States, Canada, and Australia. Female stalkers were predominantly single, heterosexual, educated individuals in their mid 30s who had pursued their victims for more than a year. Major mental disorder and personality disorder were suggested, especially borderline personality disorder. They usually threatened violence, and if they did threaten, were more likely to be violent. Frequency of interpersonal violence was 25 percent, but there was limited use of weapons, and injuries were minor. Stalking victims were most likely to be slightly older male acquaintances; but if the victim was a prior sexual intimate of the female stalker, her risk of being violent toward him exceeded 50 percent. Unlike male stalkers who often pursue their victims to restore intimacy, these female stalkers often pursued their victims to establish intimacy. Common emotions and motivations included anger, obsessional thoughts, rage at abandonment, loneliness, dependency, jealousy, and perceived betrayal. Results are interpreted from a clinical and risk management perspective.

Adolescent↗