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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Acute myeloid leukemia and lung cancer occurring in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient treated with fludarabine and autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation.

An increased incidence of different malignancies associated to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been reported. The association of CLL and acute leukemia is a rare event described in < 1% of CLL, the type of acute leukemia being either from the lymphoid or more often from the myeloid lineage. The coexistence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and CLL in the same patient has been occasionally reported. Most of these cases have been associated with the administration of chemotherapy or radiotherapy for CLL, suggesting that the former may be a secondary leukemia. On the other hand, CLL could precede, but could also be diagnosed at the same, or delayed time as AML, suggesting the presence of other leukemogenic factors. We describe the exceptional development of AML and lung cancer in a patient with previously diagnosed CLL in minimal residual disease status after fludarabine treatment followed by autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Role of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the risk of second malignant neoplasms after cancer in childhood.

Of a cohort of 634 children treated from 1942 to 1969 at the Gustave Roussy Institute for a first cancer and alive 5 years after treatment, 32 later developed second malignant neoplasms (SMN). A case-control study was performed to determine the relationship between the dose of radiotherapy received on a given anatomical site for the treatment of a first cancer, and the risk of SMN development at the same anatomical site. Another aim of the study was to analyse the effects of the association of radiotherapy with chemotherapy on the risk of SMN. The 32 cases of second malignant neoplasms were individually matched with one to nine patients of the cohort (a total of 162) who did not develop a SMN after a first cancer, matching on age, sex, type of first cancer and follow-up duration. The doses of radiotherapy delivered for the treatment of the first cancer were retrospectively estimated at the 26 anatomical sites of SMN. When the SMN was a leukaemia, the mean active bone-marrow dose was estimated as a weighted mean of the doses received by 20 bone sites. As compared to anatomical sites in children who had not received radiotherapy, the sites which had received 50 Gy or more had a relative risk of SMN of 5.8 (P less than 0.05). When taking into account the dose received at the site of the SMN, neither the number of fractions nor the type of radiations were related to the risk of SMN. Children who had received chemotherapy had a relative risk of SMN of 2.7 (95% CI: 1.2-6.4), adjusted for the dose of radiotherapy, as compared to those who had not. The relative risk of SMN did not vary with the dose nor the duration of the chemotherapy. Dactinomycin was found to increase the relative risk of second soft tissue and bone sarcomas. Cyclophosphamide was found to be less carcinogenic than the other alkylants. The relative risk of SMN was equal to 2.0 (n.s.) after radiotherapy of more than 25 Gy, to 4.4 (n.s.) after chemotherapy, and to 21.4 (P less than 0.01) after the combination of these two treatments modalities, as compared to patients treated by surgery alone. This study suggests that the oncogenic effect of radiations might be increased by chemotherapy, and that the combination of the two treatment modalities might be one of the major factors responsible for overall risk of SMN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors and synchronous ileal carcinoids.

BACKGROUND: A 74-year-old African-American male presented with a 3-day history of hematemesis and melena. The patient reported no abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms, bright red blood per rectum, constipation, or diarrhea. His physical examination and medical history were unremarkable except for benign prostatic hypertrophy. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a 3 x 2 x 2 cm smooth round mass in the cardia, 2 cm distal to the gastroesophageal junction. Biopsy of the mass revealed an ulcerated tumor composed of spindle cells. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for a number of biochemical markers, including KIT, Ki-67 and smooth muscle actin, but was negative for the markers S100 and desmin. A gastric-wedge resection revealed an ulcerated 4.5 cm mass in the stomach, and exploration of the abdomen revealed two ileal carcinoid tumors, jejunal diverticula and reactive mesenteric lymphadenopathy. INVESTIGATIONS: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, biopsy, CT scan, immunohistochemistry, DNA microarray analysis and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. DIAGNOSIS: Multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors occurring concomitantly with ileal carcinoids. MANAGEMENT: Gastric-wedge resection and segmental resection.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Screening for oesophageal neoplasia in patients with head and neck cancer.

Due to advanced disease at the time of diagnosis the prognosis of oesophageal cancer is generally poor. As mass screening for oesophageal cancer is neither feasible nor reasonable, high-risk groups should be identified and surveilled. The aim of this study was to define the risk of oesophageal cancer in patients with (previous) head and neck cancer. A total of 148 patients with (previous) head and neck cancer were prospectively screened for oesophageal cancer by video-oesophagoscopy and random oesophageal biopsies. Even in a macroscopically normal looking oesophagus, four biopsy specimens were taken every 3 cm throughout the entire length of the squamous oesophagus. Low- or high-grade squamous cell dysplasia was detected histologically in 10 of the 148 patients (6.8%). All but one dysplasias were diagnosed synchronously with the head and neck cancers. In addition, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 11 of the 148 patients (7.4%). Most invasive cancers (63.6%) occurred metachronously. The risk of squamous cell neoplasia of the oesophagus is high in patients with (previous) head and neck cancer. Surveillance is recommended in this high-risk group.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Bilateral germ-cell tumours: 22-year experience at the Institut Gustave Roussy.

The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, clinical and histological characteristics, treatment and long-term follow-up of bilateral germ-cell tumours (BGCT) of the testis in order to determine in what respects they differ significantly from unilateral germ-cell tumours. In all, 31 patients with BGCT had metachronous tumours and 14 had synchronous tumours. Among the metachronous tumours, 61% occurred more than 5 years after the first tumour. The overall incidence of BGCT in patients with testicular germ-cell tumours (TGCT) was 1.9%. The incidence was 3.2% in patients presenting with a seminoma and 1.4 % in patients presenting with a nonseminomatous germ-cell tumour (NSGCT). Patients under 30 years of age at the time of the initial diagnosis had a higher incidence of bilateral tumours compared with older men. The outcome of BGCT was excellent. A high association was found between BGCT, sterility and suspected genetic risk factors for TGCT. These results argue against a systematic contralateral biopsy at diagnosis of first TGCT in all patients, but emphasise the importance of patient education and of the need to better identify patients at risk for a second TGCT. Therapeutic indications for synchronous BGCT, including conservative treatment, need to be better defined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Risk of subsequent invasive breast carcinoma after in situ breast carcinoma in a population covered by national mammographic screening.

Sweden was the first country to establish a nationwide breast cancer screening service. We used the Swedish Family-Cancer Database to evaluate the risk of invasive carcinoma after in situ carcinoma of the breast. Risk estimates for contralateral and ipsilateral invasive malignancies following age and histology specific in situ breast carcinomas were calculated using Poisson's regression analysis. The agreement between concordant and discordant morphologies of invasive and in situ breast cancer was measured using the kappa statistic. Women with in situ breast cancer showed a relative risk of 2.03 for contralateral and 3.94 for ipsilateral invasive breast cancer. The risk was higher for in situ carcinomas diagnosed before the age of 50 years and after lobular in situ breast cancers. A comparison of the risks during the past decades suggested that the risk of ipsilateral breast cancer has increased in Sweden but that of contralateral breast cancer has remained unchanged. In situ and the subsequent invasive breast cancers did not seem to share their morphologies.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Prostatic carcinosarcoma 15 years after combined external beam radiation and brachytherapy for prostatic adenocarcinoma: a case report.

A 65-year-old man with a history of combined pelvic external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy for prostatic adenocarcinoma 15 years prior underwent total pelvic exenteration for presumed rectal sarcoma with prostatic invasion. Pathology revealed carcinosarcoma of prostatic origin. This patient exhibited the longest reported interval between initial presentation with prostatic adenocarcinoma and development of carcinosarcoma. This case is also the first reported case of prostatic carcinosarcoma occurring after combined EBRT and brachytherapy. The increasing use of such combination high-dose radiation therapy may potentially lead to an increased incidence of secondary malignancies such as prostatic carcinosarcoma in the future.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Multiple synchronous pigmented basal cell carcinomas following radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.

BACKGROUND: Multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are infrequently seen in patients under 30 years of age. Their occurrence at a young age is often linked to some genodermatosis, including Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS). The exposure to ionizing radiation is also considered to be a predisposing factor in the development of BCCs. METHODS: We report the case of a 35-year-old patient who presented with seven synchronous, nodular, brownish-pigmented BCCs, confined within the radiation-treated cutaneous areas, 15 years after receiving Cobalt-60 (60Co) irradiation for Hodgkin's disease. RESULTS: On the basis of clinical, radiological, and anamnestic data we excluded a NBCCS, thus proposing irradiation as the cause of the multiple synchronous pigmented BCCs. CONCLUSIONS: Previous therapeutic ionizing radiation leads to an increased risk of BCCs confined to the region of the body to which radiotherapy was delivered. We consider our patient's BCCs represents a late adverse effect of the treatment with Cobalt-60.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcystic variant of localized malignant mesothelioma accompanying an adenomatoid tumor-like lesion.

The case of a 70-year-old man with a hitherto undescribed pleural mesothelioma is reported. The tumor was localized in the left lung apex and had invaded the parietal pleura. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by a proliferation of epithelioid cells and the formation of microcysts. The tumor cells were positive for calretinin and vimentin, and possessed abundant microvilli, indicating a mesothelial cell origin for the tumor. A high Ki-67 index and mitotic index, and the recurrence of the tumor after surgery, indicated malignancy. Based on the evidence, we propose that the tumor is a microcystic variant of a localized malignant mesothelioma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

DNA copy number changes in carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland: a comparative genomic hybridization study.

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands and is rarely associated with concurrent epithelial malignancy, which is designated as carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma (CPA). Genetic abnormalities potentially related to the development of CPA have not been fully investigated. We analyzed DNA copy number changes in each of the adenomatous and carcinomatous components of seven CPA by comparative genomic hybridization using DNA extracted from microdissected tissues of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples. Carcinomatous components of CPA showed multiple DNA copy number changes at 1-18 different genomic sites (mean 13 sites). Adenomatous components displayed less frequent DNA copy number changes (0-13 sites; mean, 5). In both components, the majority of the changes were gains. The most common recurrent gains in carcinomatous components were seen at 6q (four cases in each), whereas gains at 13q1-2 and 15q1 were most frequently detected in adenomatous components (three cases in each). In five CPA, the same chromosomal regions were involved in the DNA copy number changes detected in both components. Our data suggest that an accumulated or increased number of chromosomal changes including 6q abnormalities may be associated with the development of carcinomatous components in a subset of CPA.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical and pathologic features of breast cancers in women treated for Hodgkin's disease: a case-control study.

The goal of this study was to assess whether there are clinical or pathologic differences between radiation-associated breast cancers developing after treatment for Hodgkin's disease and spontaneously arising breast cancers. Clinical and pathologic data were reviewed for 26 Hodgkin's disease patients who received irradiation and subsequently developed breast cancer (cases) and 26 age- and stage-matched patients with sporadic breast cancers (controls). The median age at diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease was 21 years (range 11-40 years), and the median interval between Hodgkin's disease and breast cancer diagnosis was 15 years (range 4-27 years). There were no differences between cases and controls with regard to clinical factors. Cases had a lower frequency of histologic grade III tumors (38% versus 65%, p = 0.09) and moderate to marked mononuclear inflammatory cell reaction (11% versus 35%, p = 0.03). When these covariates were combined, grade III tumors in conjunction with mononuclear inflammatory cell reaction were also seen less frequently in the case group than in the control group (11% versus 31%, p = 0.06). Seven cases developed additional cancers, but no additional cancers developed in the control group (p = 0.01). Patients who developed breast cancers after Hodgkin's disease did not differ from patients with spontaneous breast cancers, with regard to clinical factors. However, the lower frequency of high-grade tumors and moderate to marked mononuclear inflammatory cell reaction among the cases suggests that radiation-associated breast cancers may differ from spontaneously arising cancers in their pathogenesis. Cases appeared to be at increased risk of developing additional cancers, but we cannot exclude surveillance as a possible contributing factor.

Adolescent↗