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PubMed1990

[The physiologic effect of lifting weights from the floor and working surface at different rates].

The article provides data on the physiological value workload in lifting weights from different surface levels (the floor and working surface at the level of 0.7 m from the floor), at different rates and at the distance of 0.7 m. The results of the study proved that, in case of manual lifting of weights, the rate and the surface level are the most important factors accounting for the degree and the nature of the physiological reactions, e. i the physiological value of the workload. Manual lifting of weights from the working surface is marked by a lower physiological value of workload and higher efficiency. This should be taken into account in manual labour planning, workload and labour intensity evaluation, labour conditions and recreation improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Corticospinal control during reach, grasp, and precision lift in man.

Transcranial magnetic brain stimulation (TMS) was used to assess the influence of the corticospinal system on motor output in seven human subjects during a task in which they had to reach out, grasp, and lift an object. Stimuli, directed at the hand area of the motor cortex, were delivered at eight defined points during the task: during reach, at grip closure, during object manipulation, during the parallel isometric increase in grip and load forces, during the lifting movement, and while the object was held in air. The amplitudes of short-latency EMG responses evoked by TMS in six arm and hand muscles showed a striking modulation across the different phases of the task. This modulation may well reflect phasic changes in corticospinal excitability because: (1) it did not simply reflect phasic changes in muscular activity associated with task performance, (2) it could vary inversely with the amplitude of the background EMG, and (3) it was only obtained with weak TMS intensities, below threshold for evoking responses in hand muscles of the relaxed subject. Our results suggest that the cortical representations of extrinsic hand muscles, which act to orientate the hand and finger tips, were subjected to a strong excitatory drive throughout the reach. This drive was also observed for brachioradialis and anterior deltoid, which contribute to transport of the hand. In contrast, the intrinsic hand muscles appear to receive their strongest cortical input as the digits closed around the object, and just after the subject first touched the object at the onset of manipulation. The isometric parallel increase in load and grip forces necessary to lift the object, which is normally triggered by tactile contact, was delayed by TMS delivered late during the reach. TMS at this time may disrupt processing necessary to control this critical phase of the task.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Acute effects of different intensities of weight lifting on serum testosterone.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of moderate weight lifting (MWL) and light weight lifting (LWL) on concentrations of serum testosterone in males. Baseline testosterone concentrations were determined via an indwelling catheter in the median cubital vein. An initial sample of blood was followed 7 min later by five samples taken at 4-min intervals. A final sample was taken 10 min after the last 4-min blood draw. Blood samples were obtained at similar times and intervals on the weight lifting days. The MWL consisted of four sets of six squats at 90-95% of a six-repetition maximum (RM), while the LWL consisted of four sets of 9 or 10 repetitions at 60-65% of the weight used for the sets during MWL. There was a significant increase in serum testosterone concentrations following the fourth set for both MWL and LWL when compared with baseline concentrations and both MWL and LWL testosterone concentrations returned to baseline levels at 10 min postexercise. These results indicate that MWL and LWL caused increases in serum testosterone that were greater than those associated with baseline levels. Postexercise responses for the MWL and LWL were similar.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Campaign aims to change the culture on manual lifting.

The RCN this month launches a long-term campaign attempting to reduce injuries to nurses by abolishing almost all lifting by nurses. The campaign will be accompanied by new RCN literature and legal advice. Both the RCN and the UKCC anticipate that community nursing may be a problematic area for the introduction of non-lifting policies. The implementation of a minimum-lifting policy at one NHS trust is studied, and the early results reported.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Progression towards a 'no manual lifting' policy within the intensive care unit.

Nurses within the critical care environment are at increased risk of back injury, due to the high dependence of the patients. A move towards a 'no manual lifting' policy is desirable to reduce the costs of staff sickness, compensation claims and to comply with new legislation. Implementation of a 'no manual lifting policy' within intensive care poses a unique challenge due to the special needs of the critically ill patient. The call has gone out to avoid all manual lifting in all but exceptional and life-threatening situations.

Back Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Periosteal readhesion after brow-lift in New Zealand white rabbits.

OBJECTIVES: To define the postoperative time interval required for elevated periosteum to readhere to the skull and regain its preoperative strength, and to evaluate whether fixation of the periosteum affects this interval or the strength of postoperative readhesion. DESIGN: Prospective analysis of variance and covariance with repeated measures. SUBJECTS: Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits, each serving as its own control. INTERVENTIONS: Subperiosteal elevation was performed on one side of the skull, leaving the contralateral periosteum untouched. The periosteum in half of the subjects was lifted and fixed to a resorbable screw, with the comparison group undergoing subperiosteal elevation only, without lifting and fixation. Several adhesion characteristics were subsequently examined at postoperative weeks 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. Half of the subjects were assessed histologically to determine attachment of periosteum onto underlying bone. The other half underwent analysis of periosteal readhesion strength. RESULTS: The 3 independent measures of periosteal adherence to the skull all lacked significant differences between sides after the first postoperative week. Blinded histologic analysis showed no evidence of ongoing periosteal healing and demonstrated no difference between operated-on and nonoperated-on sides. Analysis of periosteal stiffness (P =.76) and energy density (P =.74) also demonstrated no significant differences between sides. CONCLUSIONS: Periosteal readhesion after surgical elevation is virtually complete by the seventh postoperative day. In addition, tension secondary to periosteal elevation with suspension has no influence on postoperative healing. These findings will contribute to the debate regarding the most appropriate brow-lift fixation technique.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed1993

Small incision laser lift for forehead creases and glabellar furrows.

A new technique for eliminating or reducing glabellar frown lines and forehead creases with a small (3- to 5-cm) incision, KTP (potassium [K]-titanyl-phosphate) laser (Laserscope), and endoscope (Karl Storz) has been performed on 62 patients over the last 18 months. This endolaser technique takes advantage of the unique properties of the frequency-doubled Nd:Yag (neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet) (KTP) laser coupled with an optimized quartz contact probe. It enables the surgeon to incise or excise the procerus, corrugator, and frontalis muscles, with little or no bleeding, at a distance from a small incision immediately behind the hairline. This small incision frontal lift has been as effective as the standard forehead lift in rejuvenation of the upper face, avoiding the paresthesias, scalp itch, headaches, periorbital ecchymosis, and hair loss that are common sequelae of the forehead lift. Recovery time has been markedly reduced.

Female↗
PubMed1996

One hundred consecutive deep plane face-lifts.

A subplaytysmal face-lift technique in a deeper anatomical plane of the face was described in the 1970s. The deep plane rhytidectomy is based on sound anatomical principles of tissue mobilization, advancement, and repair. Wide undermining is accomplished in a subplaytysmal plane and continued, extending over the zygomatic muscle to the melolabial fold. This large compound cheek flap of skin, muscle, and fat is then advanced and tightened to dramatically influence the jowl and melolabial fold. A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the results of 100 deep plane face-lifts using this technique. Postoperative observations and evaluations were made at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. A questionnaire response and photographic analysis were obtained after 6 months. The rate of hematomas was low, with none occurring beneath the thick cheek flap. There were no persistent problems, facial irregularities, paralysis, or paresis. Ninety-seven percent of the patients were pleased with the aesthetic results. In conjunction with wide cervical undermining and an anterior platysmal plication, the deep plane face-lift affords a predictable improvement for the aging face and neck.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Applications of the FIB lift-out technique for TEM specimen preparation.

A site-specific technique for cross-section transmission electron microscopy specimen preparation of difficult materials is presented. A focused ion beam was used to slice an electron transparent membrane from a specific area of interest within a bulk sample. Micromanipulation lift-out procedures were then used to transport the electron-transparent specimen to a carbon-coated copper grid for subsequent TEM analysis. The FIB (focused ion beam) lift-out technique is a fast method for the preparation of site-specific TEM specimens. The versatility of this technique is demonstrated by presenting cross-sectioned TEM specimens from several types of materials systems, including a multi-layered integrated circuit on a Si substrate, a galvanized steel, a polycrystalline SiC ceramic fiber, and a ZnSe optical ceramic. These specimens have both complex surface geometry and interfaces with complex chemistry. FIB milling was performed sequentially through different layers of cross-sectioned materials so that preferential sputtering was not a factor in preparing TEM specimens. The FIB lift-out method for TEM analysis is a useful technique for the study of complex materials systems for TEM analysis.

Ceramics↗
PubMed2005

"Central command" and insular activation during attempted foot lifting in paraplegic humans.

The relationship between cardiovascular regulation and brain activation was investigated during attempted foot lifting in paraplegic subjects and during rhythmic handgrip exercise at one-third of maximum voluntary contraction force. Brain areas of interest were the primary sensory-motor area and the insula, a hypothesized center for a central nervous feed-forward mechanism involved in cardiovascular control ("central command"). This mechanism is complementary to the usual known feedback pathways such as skeletal muscle afferent signals. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured in eight normal and three paraplegic subjects using positron emission tomography (PET) and oxygen-15-labeled water. Statistical parametric maps were calculated from the images comparing rest and handgrip. Paraplegics were also scanned during attempted foot lifting, a condition without sensory feedback. During activation tasks, heart rate and mean arterial pressure increased. PET activation responses (P < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons) were found in the contralateral primary sensory-motor area, the supplementary motor area, ipsilateral cerebellum, and bilaterally in the insula. A conjunction analysis showing responses common to handgrip and attempted foot lifting revealed activation in the right central insula (P < 0.05, corrected) in concordance with the concept of a central command feed-forward hypothesis.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

Do collisions inside the collision cell play a relevant role in CID-LIFT experiments?

Collision experiments are a valid approach to characterize the ionic species generated by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI). When a time-of-flight analyzer is employed, three different approaches are available for these experiments: the postsource decay (PSD), the LIFT and the MALDI-TOF/TOF. The last two are of particular interest because of the overcoming of the PSD problems related to mass calibration of the product ion spectra. Experiments performed by LIFT on linear or cyclic peptides, in presence or in absence of collision gas in the collision cell, gave evidence of an unexpected behavior: the two spectra were practically superimposable, and in the former case only a few new fragmentation channels were activated with low yield. These results mean that the selected ion exhibits a large amount of internal energy, capable of promoting fragmentation processes in the time window corresponding to the flight time between ion source and the acceleration electrode placed after the collision cell. Experiments performed by varying the plume density show that this internal energy uptake occurs in the expanding plume, through multiple collisions. The LIFT data have been compared with those achieved by collisions of ESI-generated [MH](+) ions of angotensin II performed under 'in-source' conditions and by triple-quadrupole experiments. The obtained results show a strong similarity among the spectra, indicating that the internal energy uptake in a MALDI source is comparable with that of 40-eV ions colliding with Ar in a triple-quadrupole instrument.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1994

Dyscoordination of pinch and lift forces during grasp in patients with cerebellar lesions.

Effects of cerebellar lesions on the production of isometric pinch force and the coordination of pinch and lift force were examined. Twenty-one patients, mostly with degenerative cerebellar disorders, and ten healthy controls lifted an instrumented test object using the precision grip of thumb and index finger. The load of the object could be varied to study the adaptation of pinch force generation. The results were: (1) Cerebellar patients were able to adapt their pinch force levels to the different object loads. (2) Patients showed a longer latency between the onset of pinch force and onset of life force than controls. The level of pinch force at the start of lift force was elevated. (3) Patients were able to use sensorimotor memory about object load to adapt force output based on previous experience through repetitive testing, but they were significantly less efficient than healthy controls. (4) The temporal profile of pinch force rate of change featured an irregular pattern characteristic for a lack of sufficient anticipatory parameterization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effects on efficiency in repetitive lifting of load and frequency combinations at a constant total power output.

Boxes were lifted and lowered repetitively at three different combinations of load and frequency. These combinations were chosen such that the total mechanical power generated was constant. Effects of the varying load or frequency conditions (but constant total mechanical power) on the rate of energy expenditure (M) and on the mechanical efficiency (ME) were measured. Mechanical power was determined from film analysis and separated into external power (generated to lift the load) and internal power (to raise the lifter's body mass). The M was determined from oxygen consumption measurements. The ME was calculated in two ways, depending on the definition of mechanical power, including either the external power only (MEext) or the total power output (MEtot). Despite a constant total mechanical power, M increased at higher loads and lower frequencies. This might be explained by the increasing isometric force required in postural and load control. The M increase resulted in a decrease of MEtot. However, at higher loads and lower frequencies MEext increased, indicating that more external work can be done at the same energy costs at higher loads or lower frequencies, which could be of interest from the point of view of occupational physiology. It would seem that at higher loads or lower frequencies the increased costs for isometric muscle action do not outweigh the benefit of raising the body less frequently. Furthermore, it was found that the MEext in lifting was much lower than the values reported for other kinds of activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Abdominal wall lifting with subcutaneous wiring: an experience of 50 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy without pneumoperitoneum.

Abdominal wall lifting is a method to produce operative space between the anterior abdominal wall and the intra-abdominal organs during laparoscopic surgery. We devised a hanger lifting procedure for the anterior abdominal wall to avoid complications as well as reduce the costs related to the pneumoperitoneum. In our series, we performed 50 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy with this abdominal wall-lifting procedure. Though at the beginning we performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy by the pneumoperitoneum, we discarded the insufflator for this operation since starting the new procedure. There was no incidence of conversion to pneumoperitoneum and a fairly good operative view was achieved enabling a smooth laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1978

The angular orientation of the movement detectors acting on the flight lift response in flies.

The lift response of houseflies Musca domestica in fixed flight to periodic gratings movins in 12 different orientations has been measured. Two projectors were arranged symmetrically to the flies stimulating successively 18 circular patches of 50 degrees (25 degrees) diameter (9 for each eye) in their visual field. The shapes of the lift responses measured as a function of the orientation of the moving grating varied when different patches in the visual field were stimulated. A qualitative comparison of these response curves leads to the conclusion that the orientation of the movement detecting substrate acting on the flight lift response varies as a function of the stimulated area in the visual field. A straightforward correlation between the geometry of the ommatidial pattern and the orientation of the movement detecting substrate valid for all stimulated areas of the compound eyes does not seem very likely.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Endoscopic facial rejuvenation: endoforehead, the functional lift. Case reports.

Endoscopic techniques have only very recently been applied to aesthetic plastic surgery procedures, especially in carpal tunnel release, in forehead plasties, and in breast augmentation operations. The author briefly outlines his experiences with endoscopic forehead lifts, first reported at surgical conferences in Los Angeles and Buenos Aires in 1992, and now totaling 61 cases performed in the 11 months just prior to the submission of this article. This endoscopic approach to forehead lifting has provided similar and comparable results to conventional coronal forehead lift operations, by means of small incisions made in the scalp area with minimal and fewer complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Complications of the forehead-brow lift.

The actual and possible sequelae and complications associated with a series of forehead-brow lifts are reviewed. Based on a review of the records of 61 patients who underwent the procedure, we recommend that the forehead-brow lift be primarily intended to correct soft tissue ptosis of the upper face. Because of the significant number of patients who required a revision upper blepharoplasty, this procedure either should not be combined with a brow lift, or the patient should be warned of the probable necessity of a later revision upper blepharoplasty.

Eyebrows↗
PubMed1993

The subperiosteal lift.

The subperiosteal lift developed by Tessier is a technique for rejuvenating the face and emphasizing beauty. It is performed using two approaches: intraoral and bicoronal or precapillary. It entails a total subperiosteal undermining of the face beginning 2 cm over the orbits and continuing on the orbital rims, the zygomatic arches, and the malar bones. This allows total lifting of the soft tissues of the face (DMAS, deep musculo aponeurotic system). The lateral and vertical traction allows elevation of the superior two thirds of the face, eyebrows, and cheeks. Lifting pulls up from the forehead to the mandibular line. The fixation of the superficial layer of the temporal aponeurosis in traction to the upper part also has an effect on tissue elevation. The best candidates for this procedure are women in their late 30s or early 40s but can be used on those from 30 to 50 and more. It is highly specialized operation which requires substantial surgical experience both in selecting the patient and in execution.

Adult↗