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713 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Gastroduodenitis and peptic ulcer in a rural Liberian community. An endoscopic prospective study.

In a prospective study on a Liberian rubber plantation lasting over 12 months, 79 consecutive patients with recurrent epigastric pain as well as 15 controls without evidence of gastrointestinal disease were endoscoped with a fiberoptic instrument. Peptic ulcers were found in 7 (9%) of the 79 patients; 3 were in the prepyloric antrum and 4 in the duodenal bulb. The incidence of symptomatic peptic ulcer disease estimated from the data was 0.15 per 1000 population per year. Histology revealed superficial gastritis in 34, atrophic gastritis in 23 and duodenitis in 23 of the patients and in 3, 2 and 1 respectively of the control group. The differences observed between patients and controls were statistically significant for the stomach (p less than 0.01) but not for the duodenum. No correlation was found between the presence of histological gastritis and either dietary and social habits or the presence of intestinal parasites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cholinesterase activity in the microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti Cobbold.

The distribution of cholinesterase activity in the microfilaria of the nocturnally periodic Wuchereria bancrofti has been described. Using histochemical methods, cholinesterase activity has been demonstrated in the amphids (Mundgebilde), phasmids (Schwanzgebilde), nerve-ring, excretory and anal vesicles of the microfilaria. It has been found that the enzyme activity disappeared completely after treatment with the specific cholinesterase inhibitor eserine. Evidence is presented that the greater amount of the cholinesterase activity detected is related to acetylcholinesterase and the functional significance of the enzyme in the enzyme reactive structures is discussed.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1977

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in different populations of native Liberians.

An opportunist sero-epidemiological screening of 390 persons during an epidemiologic survey into the distribution of filarial infection in Liberia/West Africa provided data on the distribution of T. gondii antibodies. The average prevalence of antibodies according to the dye-test titers of 1:10 or 1:4 was 45 resp. 58%. After arbitrary division of the total group into regional subgroups there was a rising trend of antibodies with age up to 90% prevalence in the group of coastal residence of origin whereas the prevalence rates remained at a level around 50% in the inland subgroup. The implications of the findings are discussed, but the significance of this observation has to be investigated by a planned study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[In vivo drug sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in the Tabou region of Ivory Coast].

Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is one of the major health problems in West-Africa, mainly affecting young children. This situation is further complicated by the emergence and rapid progression of resistance to chloroquine, the recommended first line treatment. In order to document the level of resistance of P. falciparum to chloroquine, pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine (Fansidar) and quinine, we performed a survey in Tabou district, Côre d'Ivoire, from June to August 1995. This area has been hosting some 100,000 Liberian refugees since September 1994. Children aged 1 to 15 years old attending the dispensary with a complain of fever or suspected malaria, were included into the study, diagnosed and followed for 7 days according to the WHO Standard Field (in vivo) Tests. Overall proportion of P. falciparum resistant to chloroquine reached 45.1% and was made of 34.3% type II and 10.8% type III resistance. Being less than 5 years of age and having received a lower dose of drug were 2 factors associated with the risk of resistance to chloroquine. Levels of R II resistance to pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine and quinine (3-day treatment) were respectively 5.4% and 4.2%. No R III resistance was found in neither pyrimethaminelsulfadoxine or quinine treatment groups. These results challenge the current chloroquine-based first line malaria treatment in Côre d'Ivoire. Alternative based on pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine could be considered, especially in high risk populations during transient situation (refugees). However, elaborating new treatment policy must take into consideration cost, side-effects, compliance and acceptability. Further studies are needed to evaluate the cost-benefit of alternative strategies.

Adolescent↗