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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Synchronization of plasma exchange and cyclophosphamide in severe systemic diseases. A consecutive study of 10 patients].

Ten patients with severe systemic diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 2), polymyositis (n = 2), essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia (n = 2), rheumatoid arthritis vasculitis (n = 3) and Wegener's granulomatosis (n = 1), were treated with 3 consecutive plasma exchanges synchronized with pulse cyclophosphamide. This therapeutic regimen was applied every 4 weeks initially and thereafter every 6 weeks in case of positive response after the first 3 cycles; it was combined in all patients with corticosteroid therapy. The treatment was administered for severe flare-up of the disease in 7 patients and for failure of previous treatments, including corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide and plasmapheresis, in 3 patients. Three kinds of response were observed: lasting complete remission without relapse after synchronization had ceased in 4 patients, partial clinical remission with post-synchronization relapse in 5 patients, and primary failure without any clinical response to treatment in only 1 patient. These results suggest that repeated plasma exchanges synchronized with cyclophosphamide are effective against progressive autoimmune diseases and in cases where conventionally administered immunosuppressive treatments had failed. However, this type of treatment cannot prevent long-term relapses, and only a prospective study can evaluate its success in terms of survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Intravitreal injections by a Dermojet syringe.

Dermojet is a spring-loaded device that injects a high velocity microspray capable of perforating the globe. An accidental intraocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide from a Dermojet syringe by a dermatologist is reported. The lack of untoward effects led to experimental intravitreal injections. The Dermojet syringe was used for intravitreal injections in 7 rabbit eyes with normal saline as the vehicle in 6 and India ink in one. There were no irreversible effects attribute to the injection noted clinically or histopathologically. While modification and further animal experimentation with this device are in order, it should not be use on human eyes at this time.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Development of the OPgun for bombardment of animal tissues.

A simple and inexpensive particle-bombardment device, the OPgun, was constructed for the delivery of DNA into animal tissues. This device is based on the particle-inflow gun first described for plant-cell transfection. The delivery of tungsten particles into the epidermis of the mouse ear, without the use of vacuum and without causing damage to the tissue, was demonstrated. The system was also shown to be capable of inducing antibodies to a foreign gene in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Severe coronary events and corticoids bolus. An update apropos of 3 new cases].

The authors report two new cases of angina and/or myocardial infarction and one sudden death after an infusion of a bolus of high dose steroids. Coronary spasm, demonstrated in one of the cases and highly probable in the other two, is proposed as the mechanism of ischaemia. The authors underline the importance of the underlying pathology, previous coronary history, and the modes of administration. This type of treatment is often essential in clinical medicine and therefore the potentially severe secondary effects must be understood. Therefore, a previous history of myocardial infarction constitutes a definitive contra-indication and the duration of injection must be over one hour for doses greater than 250 mg. In all cases, a detailed medical history and an ECG are essential before starting treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Contribution of cells at the site of DNA vaccination to the generation of antigen-specific immunity and memory.

Gene gun-mediated DNA vaccination stimulates an immune response characterized by the activation of IgG-secreting B cells and IFN-gamma-secreting T cells. To monitor the contribution of cells at the site of vaccination to this process, transfected skin was periodically removed and grafted onto naive recipients. Immediate removal of vaccinated skin abrogated the development of an immune response. Low-level IgG production was stimulated when the vaccination site was left in place for > or = 5 h, with the strength of this response increasing the longer the site remained intact (for up to 2 wk). Measurable primary T cell responses were observed in animals whose vaccination site remained in place for > or = 1 day. Skin grafts transferred 0 to 24 h postvaccination stimulated a primary immune response in naive recipients. Memory B and T cells were generated in animals whose site of vaccination remained intact for 5 to 12 h. Skin transferred within 12 h of vaccination triggered memory B and T cell development in graft recipients, while the removal of skin >12 h postvaccination did not reduce memory in vaccinated mice. These findings suggest that 1) primary immunity is induced by cells that migrate rapidly from the site of immunization, 2) nonmigratory cells influence the magnitude of this primary response, and 3) migratory cells alone are responsible for the induction of immunologic memory.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Patient experience with a jet injector.

The acceptability of a jet injector compared with disposable syringes for insulin injections was assessed in 10 people with Type 1 diabetes. The majority considered disposable syringes easier to use and either less painful or no more painful than jet injections. Given the choice only 1 of the 8 people completing the study would continue using the jet injector.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental investigation of hypercoagulant conditions associated with angiography.

PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in blood coagulability after high-velocity intravascular fluid injections under conditions relevant to angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 101 rabbits, fluids were injected at 1,000 psi (6,890 kPa) via a multiple-side-hole catheter in the abdominal aorta, while blood was simultaneously aspirated via a second downstream catheter. The fluids injected included saline, contrast media, blood, tissue plasminogen activator, and heparin. The aspirate was evaluated for clotting time with an activated clotting time (ACT) device, for elevated levels of plasma hemoglobin to confirm capture of at least part of the injection bolus in the sample, and sometimes for hematocrit or fibrin degradation products (FDP). RESULTS: A single high-pressure injection of 2 mL of saline briefly accelerated the ACT of a blood-saline bolus (mean, 38% +/- 4). The mean volume of the hypercoagulable bolus was 15 mL. Systemic FDP levels became elevated within a few minutes after initial injection, suggesting activation of the fibrinolytic system by intravascular clot formation. Subsequent injections produced less hypercoagulability, probably reflecting the anticoagulant effects of FDP. Pressure-injected contrast agents had anticoagulant effects. The ACT was accelerated by up to 80% after injection of blood that had remained within the catheter for 3-10 minutes. Glove powder or gauze lint from wiping the guide wire markedly accelerated intracatheter clotting. Hypercoagulability after injection of clotting blood was partially prevented by injections with contrast agent and was completely inhibited by low-dose systemic heparinization. CONCLUSION: A hypercoagulable bolus may occur after angiographically relevant high-pressure fluid injections. The major contributing factors appear to be high jet velocities and injection of small amounts of clotting blood. Heparinization provides a simple and effective means of prevention.

Angiography↗
PubMed1997

Clinical immunogenicity and tolerance studies of liquid vaccines delivered by jet-injector and a new single-use cartridge (Imule): comparison with standard syringe injection. Imule Investigators Group.

A new needleless jet-injector, Mini-Imojet, was developed that administers liquid vaccines from a single-use, pre-filled cartridge named Imule, which avoids the risk of cross-contamination. We conducted clinical trials in several settings in France and West Africa to compare the immunogenicity and tolerance of five vaccines (influenza vaccine, Vi capsular polysaccharide typhoid vaccine, tetanus toxoid vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis vaccine, and inactivated hepatitis A vaccine) administered with the Imule system vs standard syringe technique. In each vaccine study, all subjects of either group were tested for serum antibody titres to calculate the geometrical mean titres and seroconversion rates after complete vaccination. Immediate local-reactions were noted after each injection, and local and general reactions were evaluated during a predetermined period of follow-up. When delivered by the Imule technique, all the administered vaccines were of equivalent or superior immunogenicity, compared to the syringe technique. The tolerance to vaccines injected by the Imule system was acceptable in all studies. The most frequently observed reactions were mild (e.g. minor bleeding, superficial papules, erythema and induration) and could be considered to be inherent to the injection technique. The technical and safety advantages of the Mini-Imojet/Imule system, compared to sterilizable, standard disposable or autodestruct syringes and to classical multi-dose vial jet-injectors, reinforces the interest of this new injection technique for collective immunizations.

Adolescent↗