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Mothers who kill: cross-cultural patterns in and perspectives on contemporary maternal filicide.
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A case-control study on the socio-demographic characteristics of 53 neonaticidal mothers.
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Mothers murdering their newborns in the hospital.
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Traditions and reproductive technology in an urbanizing north Indian village.
This article addresses the practices of prenatal sex determination and sex-selective abortion through ethnographic research in Shahargaon, a Jat village undergoing rapid urbanization and cultural change in north India. The paper presents the sociodemographic outcomes of sex-selective abortion practiced within a system of patriarchy, manifested in terms of son preference and daughter disfavor. It argues that changes from an agriculture to an urban economy have led to a decrease in family size among Shahargaon Jats. In spite of improvements in educational and economic status, there is a reinforcement of son preference and daughter disfavor in the Jat community in Shahargaon. Jat couples are using prenatal sex determination and sex-selective abortion to achieve smaller family size and to reduce the number of daughters in a family.
Mandibular fracture in a neonate: report of a case.
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A frozen newborn infant: froth in the air-passage after thawing.
We performed an autopsy on a frozen newborn infant who was found in a freezer at -18 degrees C. After thawing, froth emerged from the nostrils and was present in the trachea. Sometimes froth may be seen in the air-passage in cases of strangulation and drowning. In our case, however, there was neither proof of asphyxia due to strangulation nor drowning. The existence of the froth indicates that the infant was probably in a state of respiratory distress before death. Histologic findings of the lung showed that the infant did not suffer from respiratory disorders such as respiratory distress syndrome. Karyopyknosis and vacuolation of the keratinocytes, shrinkage of the hepatocytes, dilatation of the sinusoid, spaces between heart muscle fibers and deep staining of the nuclei and hemolysis were characteristic in our case. This case shows that froth persists in the internal air-passage for a long time as a result of freezing. Moreover, the froth in the air-passage, along with the findings of the lungs, demonstrates that the newborn infant was born alive.
Demographic perspectives on China and India.
This paper compares levels and trends of population growth rates, age and sex composition, mortality, and fertility including family planning practices in the world's two most populous countries, China and India. Both countries are undergoing demographic transition but China is nearer than India to achieving a stationary population. Fertility in China has declined below replacement level while in India it is nearly one and a half children per woman above replacement level. Both countries have achieved large reductions in mortality but life expectancy at birth in China is currently about 10 years longer than in India. Both countries have young populations but China will precede India in the aging of population structure during the 21st century.
Suicide preceded by murder: the epidemiology of homicide-suicide in England and Wales 1988-92.
BACKGROUND: We describe for the first time the epidemiology of homicide-suicide incidents for England and Wales. Previous descriptions have been of incidents in London (1946-62) and Yorkshire and Humberside (1975-1992). METHODS: Death certificates were obtained for all who died in homicide-suicide incidents in England and Wales (1988-1992) that were reported by the police to the Home Office. Incidents were included in the analysis if the interval between death or fatal injury of victim and suspect was 3 or fewer days. RESULTS: Three hundred and twenty-seven people died in 144 incidents (180 victims and 147 suspects). Eighty per cent of incidents had one victim and one suspect. Three incidents were also suicide pacts between two suspects killing their children. Eighty-eight per cent of incidents exclusively involved members of the same family, 9 % acquaintances or strangers, and 3 % both family and acquaintances or strangers. Seventy-five per cent of victims were female, 85% of suspects male. The victims of male suspects were predominantly their womenfolk, past and present, and their children, and of female suspects their young children. Car exhaust and firearms accounted for 40% of victim and 50% of suspect deaths. Of all homicides during 1988-1992, 3 % of male, 11% of female and 19% of child deaths occurred in homicide-suicide incidents. Similarly, of all suicides, 0.8% of male and 0.4% of female deaths occurred in homicide-suicide incidents. CONCLUSIONS: Homicide-suicide in England and Wales is mostly 'a family matter', men of predominantly lower social class killing their kin, and pre-menopausal mothers their young children, before they kill themselves. A few men kill strangers during a crime and then themselves.
Why Oedipus and not Christ?: a psychoanalytic inquiry into innocence, human sacrifice, and the sacred--Part I: Innocence, spirituality, and human sacrifice.
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Anthropologist fired: Stanford plays its China card.
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Chinese census. Demographic transition under way.
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Demography. Killing the sex ratio.
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[Acts of violence commited by mentally deranged persons (author's transl)].
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["Baby cradle coop slots" for abandoned (anonymous) babies: legal problems].
It is illegal to propagate or offer anonymous births or to "cradle" abandoned babies in anonymous coop slots ("Babyklappen" in German). Such offers must be rescinded. Offers concerning anonymity of births are ill-suited, since they do not save life. They are unnecessary, because women and children can be assisted even if they are in dire straits, by utilising available help as offered by statutory German child and adolescent aid institutions. Those illegal offers do not solve any problems but create new difficulties and result in lifelong misery for children and parents. Offers for anonymousness create a previously non-existent demand and discredit legal help facilities. Persons assisting anonymous deliveries or recovering "baby cradle" ("Babyklappen") children are obliged to report this to the local registrar's office (in hospitals by the hospital director). Anonymous babies must be immediately reported by hospitals or institutions to local police authorities, and they should be reported to the municipal Youth Office.
Slaughter of the innocents. A study of forty-six homicides in which the victims were children.
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Child abuse in the International Year of the Child.
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Risk factors for infant homicide in the United States.
BACKGROUND: Homicide is the leading cause of infant deaths due to injury. More than 80 percent of infant homicides are considered to be fatal child abuse. This study assessed the timing of deaths and risk factors for infant homicide. METHODS: Using linked birth and death certificates for all births in the U.S. between 1983 and 1991, we identified 2776 homicides occurring during the first year of life. Birth-certificate variables were reviewed in both bivariate and multivariate stratified analyses. Variables potentially predictive of homicide were selected on the basis of increased relative risks among subcategories with adequate numbers for stable estimates. RESULTS: Half the homicides occurred by the fourth month of life. The most important risk factors were a second or subsequent infant born to a mother less than 17 years old (relative risk, 10.9) or 17 to 19 years old (relative risk, 9.3), as compared with a first infant born to a mother 25 years old or older; a maternal age of less than 15 years, as compared with an age of at least 25 years (relative risk, 6.8); no prenatal care as compared with early prenatal care (relative risk, 10.4); and less than 12 years of education among mothers who were at least 17 years old (relative risk, 8.0), as compared with 16 or more years of education. CONCLUSIONS: Childbearing at an early age was strongly associated with infant homicide, particularly if the mother had given birth previously. Our findings may have implications for prevention.