Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “HALITOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

The effect of tongue scraper on mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in patients with caries and periodontal disease.

Tongue cleaning is an ancient habit. Recent literature has shown that tongue cleaning leads to healthy oral environment. The aims of this study were to assess the effect of tongue scraper among male adult patients with caries and periodontal disease, on Mutans streptococci (MS) and Lactobacilli (Lb) bacteria and secondly to assess the effect on self perceived oral malodour. Sixty male patients completed the study. The age ranged from 20-55 years (32 +/- 9.53). Fifty percent of the subjects were with university education level. Mean DMFT score was 9.17 (+/-5.46), while 88% of the subjects were with early to moderate periodontitis assessed by CPITN. Thirty one percent of the subjects were smoker, while 86.7% had tea/coffee drinking habit and tooth brushing. Only 28% claimed of using miswak (chewing stick). All patients were advised to use a tongue scraper twice daily for at least 2 minutes per day for 7 days. No effort was made to change tooth brushing or dietary habits of patients. Self perceived oral malodour was reported by 41.7% at baseline and 30% after use of tongue scraper. Salivary count of Mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli had significant decrease 3.37 (+/- 0.71) to 2.27 (+/- 0.80) and 3.22 (+/- 0.85) to 2.32 (+/- 0.87) respectively (P = 0.000). It was concluded that tongue scraping twice daily for 7 days had significant effect on MS and Lb bacteria and also decreased oral malodour

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Oral health status in a population of Nigerian diabetics.

Oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus have been documented, but the effect of glycemic control on the oral tissues has been scantily reported. The oral health status of 65 metabolically controlled adult diabetic patients attending the Diabetes Clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, was prospectively assessed over six months and compared with that of 54 non-diabetic acting as controls. The mean duration of diabetes was 100.5+/-85.1 months. The difference in periodontal status of the patients and control, assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), was not statistically significant (p=0.07). The degree of hyposalivation between the two groups was, however, statiscally significant (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the altered taste, burning mouth sensation, angular cheilitis, glossitis, and stomatitis status of the two groups. We conclude, with adequate metabolic control, the oral health status of a diabetic may not be significantly different from that of a non-diabetic except for xerostomia. A good understanding of the interactions between systemic diseases and oral health is imperative for physicians and dental practitioners. The need for early detection and closer linkages between the dental and medical professions in managing diabetic patients is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral manifestations and analysis of salivary and blood urea levels of patients under going haemo dialysis and kidney transplant.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate oral manifestations in patients with renal diseases and to correlate blood and salivary urea levels in patients undergoing haemodialysis and kidney transplant. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study group subjects were selected from patients undergoing hemodialysis and patients who had underwent kidney transplant. Adequate history was recorded. All the groups were examined extra orally and intra orally and findings were recorded. SAMPLE COLLECTION: Venous blood was collected from the antecubital fossa in control group. In patients with renal disease undergoing dialysis, blood was collectedjust prior to the dialysis. Renal transplant patients' blood samples were collected during review visit. Unstimulated saliva was collected and submitted to the laboratory immediately for urea examination by an automated analyzer. RESULTS: Extra oral manifestations like swollen face, pale skin, pedal edema, and bruises on the skin, nausea and vomiting in nearly 50% of the patiens, and oral manifestations like uraemic odour, dry mouth, and altered taste sensation were noted. There was a correlation between blood urea and salivary urea concentration in patients under going hemodialysis and kidney transplant. CONCLUSION: Saliva can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Advanced oral antibacterial/anti-inflammatory technology: A comprehensive review of the clinical benefits of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice.

INTRODUCTION: Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, marketed for use in oral products. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. PVM/MA is the non-proprietary designation for a polyvinylmethyl ether maleic acid copolymer. It has been demonstrated that there is a greater uptake of triclosan to enamel and buccal epithelial cells from the use of a fluoride dentifrice containing triclosan and the PVM/MA copolymer than from a dentifrice containing triclosan alone. This Supplement details the results of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and short- and long-term plaque and gingivitis studies with a triclosan/copolymer/ fluoride dentifrice. Additionally, the Supplement reviews studies on the effect of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice on periodontitis, calculus, caries, whitening and stain removal, oral malodor, and on the microflora. CONCLUSION: Clinical studies indicate that the use of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice (Colgate Total Toothpaste) may provide oral health benefits beyond those associated with "traditional" toothpaste use, in a manner that is safe and effective. Studies presented in this Supplement demonstrate that Colgate Total Toothpaste provides superior protection against plaque and gingivitis, caries, oral malodor, exhibits superior stain removal, and provides protection against the progression of periodontal disease.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed2006

Effect of various natural medicinals on salivary protein putrefaction and malodor production.

OBJECTIVE: Salivary incubation assays are commonly used in oral malodor studies. Using an in vitro model system, the effect of various natural medicinals (i.e., echinacea, propolis, elder, mastic gum, marigold, sage, lavender, thyme, and chamomile) on salivary protein putrefaction and malodor production was examined. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Malodor production levels were scored by an experienced odor judge. Volatile sulfide levels were measured using a sulfide monitor (Halimeter), and salivary protein degradation was determined densitometrically following electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). Microbial population was evaluated by viable counts and microscopy. RESULTS: Whereas all of the various medicinals caused some reduction in malodor production from the incubated whole saliva, echinacea and lavender were the most effective. CONCLUSION: The bioassay utilized in the present study suggests that these herbs may inhibit oral malodor production.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Gas chromatographic method for trapping and detection of volatile organic compounds from human mouth air.

The present investigation describes a convenient method for collection and analysis of volatile organic compounds from 25 ml mouth air samples. Tenax-GC trapping devices coated with Teflon are used to adsorb and concentrate volatile organic compounds in mouth air at -20 degrees C, which are then thermally desorbed at 140 degrees C. Gas chromatography (GC) analyses are performed using an aluminum column coated with Teflon and packed with 2% poly-MPE on 80/100 mesh Tenax-GC, and employing a flame ionization detector. This procedure allows for amplification of peak heights and detection of compounds that may otherwise escape direct analysis. Of the six prominent peaks detected, identification based on retention times indicates the presence of methanol, acetaldehyde, ethanol and acetone. Volatiles collected using this procedure can be maintained at -20 degrees C for up to 48 hours before analysis. The compact sample tubes allow the system to be easily portable, particularly suitable for sampling breath of persons with localized oral or systemic diseases at locations away from the laboratory. The superiority of this method is that relatively small samples are required for analysis, unlike previously published methods which are based on collection of large volumes of expired air in plastic bags.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1990

Antibacterial effects of Listerine on oral bacteria.

To evaluate the efficacy of Listerine, a solution for washing the oral cavity consisting of essential oils (thymol, methanol, eukalyptol) and methyl salicylate, minimum concentrations inhibiting the growth of various microorganisms in the oral cavity and the bactericidal effects on bacteria in the saliva and dental plaque were evaluated in vitro. Listerine inhibited the growth of microorganisms over a very broad range. The minimum concentration inhibiting growth of Listerine was a 4 to 32 fold dilution, 2-4 times as potent as the solution after elimination of active ingredient components, in 38 of 54 bacterial strains, indicating the efficacy of the active ingredient in the inhibition of the growth of microorganisms. Bactericidal action of Listerine against from bacteria isolated from saliva and dental plaque from 5 healthy normal subjects was tested. Listerine exhibited a potent bactericidal effect on bacteria in saliva and dental plaque. Most of the bacteria died after a 30 second exposure to Listerine. According to these results, Listerine appears to be effective as a solution used for cleansing the oral cavity and dentures.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1989

[Traditional use of plants in oral disease. (Study made after a Tunisian experience but with possible application in other countries)].

Twenty-five plants, traditionally used in bucco-dental diseases, in Tunisia, were indexed during this study. The most frequently found indications are: Odontalgia, Inflammation of the oral mucosa, Bad breath, Progressing dental cavities. The study of the known chemical and pharmacological properties of some of these plants, demonstrates that these properties are widely justified.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1989

[Investigation of people's attitudes and reactions towards oral malodour. A preliminary survey conducted on dental hygienics students].

As part of the study on the prevention of oral malodour, people's attitudes and reactions towards oral malodour were investigated in this study. As a preliminary survey, investigation was made by questionnaire on a total of 179 students at three dental hygienics schools in November 1988. The findings are as follows: 1. Of the total number of the students questioned, 47% sometimes feel uneasy about their own oral malodour, while 35% have never thought about it. Only 6% have been told they had oral malodour. 2. Although 98% of the respondents felt sick when they became aware of another person's oral malodour, 53% of them told the other person of their discomfort when the person with oral malodour was a parent, brother, sister, or a very close friend. 3. About half (52%) of the students said, they practice the prevention of oral malodour by brushing their teeth, and 50% like to use mouthwashes. Of the total, 88% wished to know whether they had oral malodour or not. 4. Overwhelming majority knew of mouthwashes through TV commercials and advertisements in magazines, 80% of those could name any one of the tradenames of the mouthwashes. 5. These findings indicated that dental health education on oral malodour and mouthwashes would be important in future.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

[Fractionation of the salivary cellular elements by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and the distribution of oral malodour precursors].

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) are the cause of oral malodour. VSC are produced from thiol and disulphide contained in the salivary cellular elements. However, the distributions of thiol and disulphide have not yet been elucidated in the salivary cellular elements. Hence, Percoll density gradient was employed in this study to fractionate the cells, and the distributions of thiol and disulphide were also studied. The intact squamous cells distributed in upper layer fraction (density: less than or equal to 1.051 g/ml) separated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation, the cells were 40 to 50% of the salivary cellular elements. The degraded cells, which were out of shape or lost nucleus, distributed in middle (density: 1.051-1.076 g/ml) and lower layer fractions (density: greater than or equal to 1.076 g/ml). The density of cells was also found to increase in process of the cell degradation. The 24 hour incubation study of saliva showed that the intact cells decreased markedly, and the degraded cells increased in middle layer fraction. It was indicated that cell degradation was very slow in saliva. Disulphide and thiol of VSC precusors distributed with high concentration in lower layer fraction of high density. On the basis of the results high density cells might accumulate on the tongue dorsum for long time and be the major source of VSC precusors.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of the correlation between bad breath and subgingival microflora].

A dark field microscopic examination of subgingival microorganisms and gas chromatographic analysis of volatile sulphur compounds were employed to investigate the role of subgingival microflora in the production of bad breath. Subjects (11 female, 13 male; aged 24 to 61) were divided into the following 2 groups on the basis of apparent bad breath by the olfactory judgement; bad breath group (group B, n = 13), and no bad breath group (group N, n = 11). A gas tight syringe was employed to withdraw 5 ml mouth air samples, which were injected directly into the gas chromatograph. Volatile sulphur compounds produced in mouth air were analyzed by gas chromatograph to determine volumes of CH3SH. Subgingival plaque samples were taken with sterilized paper points from the deepest site of probing depth in each subjects. The samples were examined by means of dark field microscopy and 100 bacteria in randomly selected fields were classified on a percentage basis into one of the following morphological categories: (1) spirochetes, (2) motile rods, (3) filaments, (4) fusiforms, (5) straight rods, and (6) coccoid cells. Total cell counts per 1 ml were calculated from bacterial counts of each categories. Comparison of 2 independent means from each groups were carried out by Wilcoxon's rank sum test for nonparametric values. Correlations of bacterial data with CH3SH values in mouth air were determined by means of Spearman rank correlation cofficient. Results were as follows; 1. Significant differences existed in the microbial flora between the 2 groups: percentage of spirochetes and motile rods in group B were significantly higher than those in group N (p less than 0.01). Total cell counts of group B were significantly greater than group N, and there were statistically significant differences (p less than 0.01). 2. CH3SH values in mouth air had positive correlations with the percentage of spirochetes, the percentage of motile rods, and total cell counts. These results are consistent with the view that subgingival microorganisms play a certain role in the production of bad breath. Moreover, it was suggested that spirochetes and motile rods are related to the mechanism of bad breath production.

Adult↗