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Bilateral avulsion fractures of olecranon apophyses.

Avulsion fracture of the olecranon is a relatively common injury in the adult. In the child, however, it is a rare occurrence. The injury is usually due to a fall on the outstretched elbow, with a sudden contraction of the triceps muscle. The contraction of this muscle avulses the olecranon and tears the distal triceps expansion. The fracture is well described in standard textbooks on paediatric orthopaedic surgery.

Adolescent↗

Wild water rapid burns.

Swimming pool water slides are becoming increasingly long and adventurous. This case report and survey suggest that they may carry with them a notable risk of friction burns.

Adult↗

[The epidemiological study on limb deformities among children in Guangdong Province].

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence of limb deformities of children in Guangdong province. METHODS: Physical examination on lined-up students and looked over one by one. Detailed examinations of orthopaedics or related subjects were performed on those with susceptive deformity. RESULTS: Results showed that there were 655 cases of limb deformities (0.64%) in 102,313 pupils of 7 to 14 years old, in which 550 cases (83.97%) needed surgical intervention. The incidence of deformity in economically poor areas was 2.88 times higher than those in advanced areas. CONCLUSION: Prevention and cure of limb deformities of children, especially those in rural area, should be addressed and emphasized.

Adolescent↗

[Integral therapy of complex joint injuries].

The final treatment result in severe joint injuries especially in polytraumatized patients, after a correct primary care, depends on a logical sequence of application of all necessary supporting measures. The importance of these special steps depending on the overall type of injury should preferably be assessed and controlled by the surgeon who performed the initial treatment. Several examples of an integral treatment of different joint injuries are demonstrated.

Ankle Injuries↗

Water polo injuries.

This article covers the commonly occurring injuries and conditions in water polo athletes with suggested treatments by the team physician. It addresses the uniqueness of the throwing/swimming combination inherent in this sport with the resultant difference in the treatment of water polo athletes compared to swimmers only, particularly the differences in knee injuries and conditions between the two types of athletes.

Athletic Injuries↗

Spectrum of roller-blading injuries.

We studied 32 patients who presented to the Accident and Emergency Department of Toa Payoh Hospital with injuries sustained while roller-blading (in-line roller skating). This sporting activity carries risk of injuries, often fractures, due to 3 principal mechanisms of injury. The first and main mechanism of injury is that of a forward fall with the arms outstretched as a protective gesture. This is associated with fractures of the distal radius in the majority of cases, although other injuries to the upper limb can occur. The second important mechanism is that of a backward fall with resulting injury to the back of the head. Lastly, the patient may fall sideways, often together with a twisting force to the lower limbs, resulting in ankle sprains and meniscus injuries to the knee. The vast majority of patients are young teenagers who are beginners and had not been properly clad in protective gear. Roller-blading therefore carries a very real risk of sporting injury.

Adolescent↗