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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Cerebral ischemia: magnetic resonance angiography and transcranial Doppler evaluation.

We examined 21 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease using magnetic resonance angiography and transcranial Doppler. In 17 patients (81%), the results obtained by the two methods were concordant. In our opinion, the associated use of transcranial Doppler and magnetic resonance angiography provides an accurate diagnostic evaluation of ischemic stroke patients, not only allowing the site of possible steno-occlusive disease of large and medium cerebral vessels to be identified, but also offering the possibility of obtaining dynamic information concerning the direction of blood flow in the presence of compensatory circulations at the level of Willis' circle.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery disease.

Using noninvasive transcranial Doppler sonography, we studied cerebral collateral patterns in 30 patients with stenosis and/or occlusion of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA). All patients with unilateral ICA stenosis less than or equal to 80% had normal transcranial Doppler findings. 80% of patients with unilateral and 50% of patients with bilateral ICA stenosis of more than 80% including those with occlusion showed a collateralization via the ipsilateral anterior and/or posterior cerebral artery. 20% of patients with unilateral and 50% of patients with bilateral ICA stenoses of more than 80% (including occlusion) had two or three collateral pathways, including the ophthalmic artery. Another ten patients with stenosis or spasm of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) showed increased flow velocities with turbulence in the narrow segment. In four patients with severe MCA disease with a systolic peak velocity of more than 200 cm/s, the Doppler waveform distal to the lesion was damped. Decreased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured by 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT was found in two patients with severe MCA stenosis. Another patient with moderate MCA stenosis with a systolic peak velocity of 140 cm/s showed a normal cerebral perfusion pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Report of dissection of the internal carotid artery in three cases.

Whereas previously the dissection of arteries leading to the brain was thought to be a rare occurrence, this diagnosis has been found more frequently in the last years as a result of newer imaging methods. Furthermore, in contrast to earlier opinions, there is a rather good prognosis for the recanalisation of the vessels and the restoration of the patient's health. In this paper, three cases with nearly typical constellation of symptoms and beneficial outcome are demonstrated. The related Doppler sonographical findings including duplex scan as well as the angiographical, computer tomographical and magnetic resonance tomography results are reported. It is to be noted that none of the three patients had a severe trauma or belonged to typical risk groups for a spontaneous dissection (Marfan's Syndrome, fibromuscular dysplasia.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1985

Ventricular configuration and cerebral growth in infants born to drug-dependent mothers.

Cranial ultrasound examinations were performed during the first 3 days of life and at age 1 month on 22 infants with the neonatal abstinence syndrome. The results were compared to those obtained in 15 control infants who were not exposed to narcotic drugs in utero. The ultrasound images were examined for ventricular configuration, intracranial hemidiameters, area of thalami, and width of temporal lobes. At 24 to 72 h and at 1 month of age, significantly more drug-exposed than control infants had a slit-like ventricular configuration. The intracranial hemidiameter was significantly smaller in the drug-exposed than in the control infants. All cerebral measurements except the right temporal lobe demonstrated significant growth over the first month of life in both groups of infants. By means of ancillary examinations (computerized tomography and transfontanel pressure measurements) the pathogenesis of the slit-like ventricles was found not to be related to edema or to increased intracranial pressure. Whether or not the ventricles remain small and brain growth remains parallel after the period of abstinence awaits further investigation.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

Early echographic findings in non-hemorrhagic periventricular leukomalacia of the premature infant.

The ultrasonic detection of periventricular leukomalacia is described in two neonatal patients. Confirmation of this condition by CT and post mortem was obtained in one case. CT scan and further echography was positive in the other. Neither patient had evidence of an intracranial hemorrhage. It is suggested that echography is of value in the early diagnosis of this lesion which may be similar to intraparenchymal hemorrhage in its mechanism and prognosis.

Brain Diseases↗