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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

CARL: a LabVIEW 3 computer program for conducting exposure therapy for the treatment of dental injection fear.

This paper describes CARL (Computer Assisted Relaxation Learning), a computerized, exposure-based therapy program for the treatment of dental injection fear. The CARL program operates primarily in two different modes; in vitro, which presents a video-taped exposure hierarchy, and in vivo, which presents scripts for a dentist or hygienist to use while working with a subject. Two additional modes are used to train subjects to use the program and to administer behavioral assessment tests. The program contains five different modules, which function to register a subject, train subjects to use physical and cognitive relaxation techniques, deliver an exposure hierarchy, question subjects about the helpfulness of each of the therapy components, and test for memory effects of anxiolytic medication. Nine subjects have completed the CARL therapy program and 1-yr follow-up as participants in a placebo-controlled clinical trial examining the effects of alprazolam on exposure therapy for dental injection phobia. All nine subjects were able to receive two dental injections, and all reduced their general fear of dental injections. Initial results therefore indicate that the CARL program successfully reduces dental injection fear.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The oxygen status algorithm: a computer program for calculating and displaying pH and blood gas data.

Input parameters for the program are the arterial pH, pCO2, and pO2 (measured by a blood gas analyzer), oxygen saturation, carboxy-, met-, and total hemoglobin (measured by a multi-wavelength spectrometer), supplemented by patient age, sex, temperature, inspired oxygen fraction, fraction of fetal hemoglobin, and ambient pressure. Output parameters are the inspired and alveolar oxygen partial pressures, pH,pCO2 and pO2 referring to the actual patient temperature, estimated shunt fraction, half-saturation tension, estimated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration, oxygen content and oxygen capacity, extracellular base excess, and plasma bicarbonate concentration. Three parameters related to the blood oxygen availability are calculated: the oxygen extraction tension, concentration of extractable oxygen, and oxygen compensation factor. Calculations of the 'reverse' type may also be performed so that the effect of therapeutic measures on the oxygen status or the acid-base status can be predicted. The user may choose among several different units of measurement and two different conventions for symbols. The results are presented in a data display screen comprising all quantities together with age, sex, and temperature adjusted reference values. The program generates a 'laboratory diagnosis' of the oxygen status and the acid-base status and three graphs illustrating the oxygen status and the acid-base status of the patient: the oxygen graph, the acid-base chart and the blood gas map. A printed summary in one A4 page including a graphical display can be produced with an Epson or HP Laser compatible printer. The program is primarily intended for routine laboratories with a blood gas analyzer combined with a multi-wavelength spectrometer. Calculating the derived quantities may enhance the usefulness of the analyzers and improve patient care. The program may also be used as a teaching aid in acid-base and respiratory physiology. The program requires an IBM PC, XT, AT or similar compatible computer running under DOS version 2.11 or later. A VGA color monitor is preferred, but the program also supports EGA, CGA, and Hercules monitors. The program will be freely available at the cost of a discette and mailing expenses by courtesy of Radiometer Medical A/S, Emdrupvej 72, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark (valid through 1991). A simplified algorithm for a programmable pocket calculator avoiding iterative calculations is given as an Appendix.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
PubMed1997

The biological toolbox: a computer program for simulating basic biological and pathological processes.

The program described here has been written to enable pathologists and biologists with almost no computer experience to design complex models of cell interactions. The program although simulating in only two dimensions allows the user to define the individual rules governing cell behaviour using a language called Cell Description Language, then simulates the multiple interactions between the cells to produce a dynamic visual interpretation representing tissue growth and differentiation. The program has been developed using the World Wide Web, thereby giving access to anyone with an Internet connection. The Web technology allows others to use our powerful computers to perform the complex calculations that are necessary and effectively eliminates the problems of modifying and compiling the program to run on more than one hardware platform. The changes that take place during the simulation are presented as a video using the MPEG video format; they may then be viewed on many different types of computers. The toolbox provides a novel approach to computer-based biological simulations and an excellent resource for teaching.

Biology↗
PubMed1984

[Computer program for processing lung scintigrams].

The paper is concerned with an algorithm of a program for pulmonoscintigram processing. The program developed in the algorithmic languages Basic and Assembler on the basis of this algorithm, made it possible to facilitate the data processing, to lower a physician's competence as a computer operator, to raise the objectivity of diagnosis of pulmonary diseases, etc. The program is intended for computers Vip-450, Vip-550 and MCS-560, Technicare, USA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A computer program for regression analysis of repeated measures using generalized estimating equations.

RMGEE is an easy-to-use FORTRAN program for the analysis of repeated binary, count, and normally-distributed response variables using the generalized estimating equations approach of Liang and Zeger [1]. The program can be used when measurements are obtained at multiple time points from each subject or experimental unit, and also when the basic sampling unit is a group or cluster of subjects, and the response variable of interest is obtained from each subject within the cluster. It is not necessary for the number of repeated measurements to be the same for every experimental unit and missing data are easily accommodated. Both time-independent (cluster-specific) and time-dependent (occasion- or subject-specific) covariates are permitted. The program can be run on microcomputers, workstations, and mainframe computers. Three examples illustrating the usage and features of RMGEE are provided.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Computer program Jamsek combining statistical and stereochemical rules for the prediction of protein secondary structure.

This article briefly describes our program Jamsek written in FORTRAN for an ICL 2950/10 computer. Jamsek combines statistical and stereochemical rules most frequently encountered in literature to predict protein secondary structure from its sequence, into a single algorithm. The composite algorithm does not work better than the best existing single algorithms of Garnier et al. (J. Mol. Biol., 120, 97-120, 1978) or Lim (J. Mol. Biol., 88, 873-894, 1974) if percentage of residues with a correctly predicted secondary structure is taken as a criterion. However, it is fairly reliable in predicting the total amount of alpha-helices and beta-sheets in proteins, the secondary structure of highly ordered proteins or their parts and identification of long alpha-helices. It surpasses the previous algorithms by providing a possibility to make a notion about confidence of the prediction of the particular secondary structure elements thanks to the simultaneous availability of four independent predictions of the secondary structure and other relevant data (hydrophobic profile and helical wheel representation). The main body of this article is devoted to a demonstration that output data of Jamsek can simply be used for the prediction of protein topological class, identification of globular proteins containing hydrophobic alpha-helices and, as an auxiliary means, to distinguish between protein coding and non-coding nucleotide sequences.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1985

Brief or new: use of a computer program (PC Coloring Book) in cognitive rehabilitation.

PC Coloring Book, a software program for the personal microcomputers, is a helpful treatment modality in cognitive rehabilitation and also for upper extremity motor control refinement. In addition to the case described this program has been initiated with several other patients, including two adults with cerebral palsy who have had additional brain trauma and one 5-year-old who is developmentally delayed. We cannot yet assess the results because these patients have not used the program for a sufficient period of time. However, we have noted that with all patients the increase in motivation was greater with this program than with more conventional treatment modalities. We expect additional patient trials to provide more applications for this program and to support the increased use of personal computers and software for improving cognitive cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Use of computer program for diagnosing jaundice in district hospitals and specialized liver unit.

A computer-assisted model for diagnosing jaundice has been adapted for use on the University of London C.D.C. 7600 computer via an on-line terminal at King's College Hospital to provide a rapid turn-round time. The model was used prospectively in the diagnosis of 219 patients--135 seen in a specialized liver unit and 84 seen in one of four district hospitals in south-east London--with an overall accuracy in distinguishing among 11 different causes of jaundice of 69% and 62% respectively. These figures rose to 77% and 88% respectively when only those patients in whom the final diagnosis reached a "certain" probability were considered. When used to distinguish between a medical and a surgical cause of jaundice the accuracy was 86% in the liver unit and 77% in the district hospitals, rising to 95% in both series for those with a diagnosis of certain probability. The proposed improvements to the model--namely, the use of two deparate data bases and more diagnoses within the matrix--should be improve the accuracy even further. In practice the rapid feedback to the clinicians looking after patients provided help in managing difficult cases.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computer program recognition of a cDNA sequence specifying signal peptides].

An application of a computational analysis of cDNA sequences is presented in this paper. The goal is the identification of functional domains on sequence data. The results show the capability of this technique to identify a zone of DNA associated with the signal peptide coding region, whose biological function at DNA or RNA level is still unknown.

Base Sequence↗