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Results for “Color Vision”

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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Comparative study of the impact of diet versus pravastatin on color vision in Brodman area 19 detected by computerized chromatic analysis (CARDIOCOLOUR Study)].

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Hypercholesterolemia causes important neurodegenerative changes in the cerebral cortex, which are manifested by defects in the color perception by the neurons of Brodman area 19. Extensive interventional epidemiological data from both primary and secondary-prevention clinical trials indicate that cardiac ischemic events decrease when total cholesterol or LDL-C is reduced. Our goal was to elucidate the effects of diet compared with a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor (pravastatin) on color perception using computerized chromatic analysis (CCA) and plasma cholesterol levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 191 normotensive patients (133 men and 58 women) with pre-study plasma cholesterol levels in excess of 200 mg/dl. Seventy of these patients were treated with the American Heart Association Step II diet for six months. The remaining 121 were treated with pravastatin, 61 patients with 10 mg and 60 patients with 40 mg. They were examined by CCA after excluding any general or ophthalmological pathology. RESULTS: Chromatic vision recovered by 23% with diet, 38% with pravastatin 10 mg and 92% with pravastatin 40 mg. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed a strong association between therapeutic intervention with either diet or pravastatin and improved color vision.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative neurobiology of color vision in humans and animals.

Discrimination of colors was studied using an instrumental learning paradigm in monkeys (Macaque rhesus) and fishes (Carpio cyprinus L.). The confusion matrices composed of probabilities of instrumental responses were treated by factor analysis. The spherical structure of perceptual color space revealed in both animals was similar to that in humans. The four eigenvectors constituting the four-dimensional Euclidean hypersphere correspond to "red-green," "blue-yellow," "brightness," and "darkness" neuronal channels.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Senescence and color vision.

The usual trichromatic equation for a color match is converted into an algebraic equation consisting of the sum of the contrasts determined by the intensity ratios between the matching stimuli and arbitrary fractions of the proband. The senescence of the preretinal media is shown to affect color matches monotonically, but discrimination steps are affected differently. It is suggested that the senescence observed in tasks involving chromatic discrimination can be explained in terms of the nervous mechanisms subserving other types of contrast discrimination. The possibility of either simplifying or refining some clinical tests also is discussed.

Aging↗
PubMed1995

Chromatic-discrimination axes, CRT phosphor spectra, and individual variation in color vision.

There is a growing use of color monitor systems in visual research and a parallel growth in the use of cone-excitation space to define stimuli and to report data. Color specification in monitor systems is accomplished by combination of the phosphor chromaticities. The effect of interobserver variation on color specification is highly dependent on the spectroradiometric properties of the primaries. We review potential sources of biologic variability and its effect on the nominal axes in a cone-excitation diagram for a color monitor system. Variation in preretinal pigment (lens and macular pigment), in the effective optical density and the spectral sensitivity of the visual photopigments, and in the cone weighting used to derive the spectral luminosity function are considered. The consequences of such biological variability are rotation and translation of the axes for a given observer relative to the nominal axes that the observer used for color specification. The importance of such rotations can be viewed within the framework of a particular experimental paradigm.

Adult↗