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PubMed1978

Cytologic detection and clinical significance of Actinomyces israelii in women using intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Pancervicovaginal (Papanicolaou) smears exhibiting pseudomycilial-like clumps of organisms obtained from 35 women employing IUD's were studied by direct immunofluorescent technique for identification of A. israelii and A. naeslundi. In every case the specific fluorescence was achieved with species-specific antiserum against A. israelii. The clinical profile of these 35 women was retrospectively analyzed.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1978

Pelvic abscess in association with intrauterine contraceptive device.

Serious pelvic infection associated with the use of IUDs is of increasing concern to obstetricians and gynecologists. This review of the literature is accompanied by analysis of 5 years' experience at the Arizona Health Sciences Center. Of 169 patients with acute infections, 34% had an IUD in place at the onset of infection. In addition, 24 of the patients were less than 20 years of age and 35% were nulliparous. Of the nulliparous patients, 11 were rendered sterile following surgical extirpative therapy. Sixty-six patients developed pelvic and tubo-ovarian abscesses; 38% of those were related to IUD usage. Six of the pelvic abscesses and eight of the unilateral tubo-ovarian abscesses came to pelvic cleanout. Evidence presented documents the serious infection potential that IUD usage entails, the antibiotic and surgical management, the infertility that results, and the mechanism assumed responsible. In addition, the high-risk patient has been identified (young, nulliparous, sexually active, and, especially, of the lower socioeconomic strata).

Abscess↗
PubMed1980

The effect of the intrauterine contraceptive device on the prevalence of morphologic abnormalities in human spontaneous abortions.

Spontaneously aborted conceptuses from IUD-wearing patients and prior IUD users were examined pathologically to determine the prevalence of morphologic abnormalities, which had previously been shown to correlate with cytogenetically proven heteroploidy in the conceptus. These abnormalities were never seen in the IUD-associated abortuses while occurring with the same frequency in abortuses obtained from prior IUD users and from non-users. It is concluded that the IUD by itself is responsible for the absence of heteroploidy-correlated structural abnormalities in spontaneous abortuses conceived with the IUD in situ. Relevant mechanisms underlying this IUD effect are discussed.

Abortion, Incomplete↗
PubMed1981

Intrauterine contraceptive devices: failure of unilateral intrauterine device in inducing luteolysis in rabbits, rats and mice.

Insertion of a unilateral intrauterine device (IUD) on day 1 pc in rabbits and rats or day 2 pc in mice is found to interrupt pregnancy in the device-bearing uterine horn, but does not affect blastocyst implantation or fetal development of the contralateral side. It is also evident that following surgical ablation of the ovary of the non-IUD side, the ovary of the IUD-bearing side can effectively maintain pregnancy and fetal growth as in controls. The possible mode of action of the IUD has been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Consequences of uterine blood loss caused by various intrauterine contraceptive devices in South American women. World Health Organization Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction.

Increased menstrual blood loss (MBL) associated with intrauterine device (IUD) use may precipitate or aggravate iron deficiency anaemia, adversely affecting the health of women particularly those from developing countries. Studies were conducted to define the association of MBL and iron status in South American women; to determine the level of MBL induced by IUD use which would result in iron depletion, the length of time for this depletion to occur and, comparing various IUDS, to determine if any currently tested IUDs are suited to long-term use in South American women. A total of 395 women received one of 5 types of IUDs in Santiago, Chile, and Juiz de Fora, Brazil: Lippes Loop, Multiload-250 and Multiload-375 were used in both centres; in Santiago some subjects received the Copper-7 or ProgestasertR devices and in Juiz de Fora, the TCu 200 and the T-Chloroquin IUDs were also tested. MBL and haemoglobin (HGB) were measured for 3 menstrual cycles before insertion, and following insertion, at one, two, four, six, nine, twelve, eighteen and twenty-four months in the majority of cases. Serum ferritin was measured before insertion and at intervals of six months. Mean values of MBL prior to IUD insertion in both centres varied from 21-30 ml. As with previous publications, the use of the Lippes Loop was associated with the greatest increase in MBL which was sustained throughout the 24 months of observation. Women who had one of the two types of Multiload devices inserted also had increased MBL and reduced ferritin for at least 12 months of use. TCu 200 and Copper-7 IUD users had an initial increase in MBL of 1 to 17 ml in the first six months of observation returning to normal levels beyond six months. Serum ferritin levels were lower for one year and then returned to admission values. ProgestasertR users confirmed previous reports of a reduction of 40-50% in MBL and an increase in serum ferritin. Few significant changes in haemoglobin (HGB) concentrations were found. Serum ferritin levels on admission ranged from 7.1 to 16.4 ng/ml in Santiago and from 15.8 to 23.2 ng/ml in Juiz de Fora. Many women were in a marginal state of iron balance as evidenced by lower serum ferritin values. Changes in serum ferritin were very closely related to those in MBL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗