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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Obesity in African women in the North West Province, South Africa is associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases: the THUSA study. Transition and Health during Urbanisation of South Africans.

The objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between anthropometric measurements and risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCD) in South African black women. A cross-sectional sample of 1040 apparently healthy black female volunteers, 15-70 years old, was recruited from thirty-seven randomly selected sites in the North West Province, stratified according to level of urbanisation. We analysed the association between BMI, waist:hip (WHR), waist circumference (WC) and skinfold measurements and the following risk factors for NCD: blood pressure, serum lipids, fasting serum glucose and insulin and plasma fibrinogen, by using age-adjusted correlation analyses and stepwise regression analysis. Of the subjects, 28.6 % were obese (BMI>30). After adjustment for age and smoking status, BMI correlated significantly with diastolic blood pressure (r 0.21, P=0.037), serum triacylglycerols (TG) (r 0.30, P=0.003), fasting glucose (r 0.29, P=0.005) and log fasting insulin (r 0.24, P=0.02). There was a significant negative correlation between BMI and HDL-cholesterol (r -0.38, P<0.001). Similar but stronger correlations were found between both WC and WHR and these risk factors. Together with age, WC was a significant predictor of TG, HDL-cholesterol and fasting glucose in regression analysis, while subscapular skinfold was a significant predictor of diastolic blood pressure and fasting glucose concentration. Triceps skinfold was a significant predictor of total serum cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, plasma fibrinogen and the insulin sensitivity index. Measures of obesity, particularly WC, are associated with the risk for NCD in black South African women, in which a high rate of obesity has been found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The Kilkenny Post-Primary Schools Survey--a survey of knowledge, attitudes and behaviour relevant to non-communicable diseases.

This survey was carried out in the Spring of 1987 on a stratified random sample of 445 post-primary schoolpupils in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour relevant to non-communicable diseases were examined using a questionnaire developed from a World Health Organization core questionnaire. The results showed that levels of adolescent alcohol and tobacco use were similar to those found in neighbouring European countries. Smoking and drinking increased during adolescence and were more prevalent in males. Physical activity decreased throughout adolescence and a high intake of "snack foods" was found. Health-related knowledge levels were high but were not related to behaviour.

Adolescent↗