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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Bacteroides fragilis endophthalmitis: a case report.

Bacteroides fragilis is an infrequent anaerobic ocular pathogen. Nevertheless, this organism is of particular significance because it may be resistant to many antibiotics that are typically effective against anaerobes. We present what is to the best of our knowledge the first reported case of B. fragilis endophthalmitis. The endophthalmitis presented in a 95-year-old man following extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Antagonism among Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated from middle ear exudates from patients with chronic suppurative otitis media.

The production and sensitivity of a bacteriocin-like substance in Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated from middle ear exudates in children with suppurative otitis media were studied through antagonism assayed by the well method. The results of the crossed reactions showed that 10 strains (66.6%) were bacteriocinogenic, 9 were sensitive to at least 1 bacteriocin (60%), and none showed inhibitory activity against homologous strains. Different patterns of susceptibility to bacteriocin-like substances were observed among strains isolated from the same patient as well as different strains isolated from another patient. These findings indicate that bacteriocin typing of anaerobic bacteria isolated from middle ear exudates in children with otitis media might have use in epidemiologic studies.

Antibiosis↗
PubMed1977

[Bacteroides fragilis septicemia].

On the basis of eight cases of Bacteroides fragilis septicaemia, the authors review recent data from the literature related to this topic. They first note the increasing prevalence, accounting for approximately 10 per cent of all septicaemias at the present time. They note that the most frequent portals of entry are sites of localised suppuration, related on the one hand to digestive or gynaecological surgery and, secondly, to the post-partum or post-abortum period. From a therapeutic standpoint, they stress the important role of imidazole derivatives (metronidazole or tinidazole) which are the most effective antibiotics at present. Certain authors even suggest their use on a preventive basis in high risk subjects.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of humoral factors in host resistance to the Bacteroides fragilis group.

The alternative complement pathway and antibody play an important role in host resistance to members of the Bacteroides fragilis group. Clinical isolates of the B. fragilis group are typically resistant to the bactericidal action of serum. Naturally occurring antibodies in serum directed against these bacteria belong primarily to the IgM class. These antibodies are not required for activation of the alternative pathway by the bacteria but rather potentiate alternative pathway activation. Activation of the alternative pathway by the bacteria leads to the generation of chemotactic activity for neutrophils and to C3 deposition on the bacterial surfaces. Both iC3b, the predominant molecular form of the bacteria-bound C3, and IgM antibody are necessary for phagocytosis and killing of the bacteria by neutrophils. IgM acts synergistically with iC3b to facilitate adherence of the bacteria to the neutrophils. Certain Bacteroides strains require additional as yet uncharacterized auxiliary opsonins for maximal adherence to neutrophils.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T cell regulation of Bacteroides fragilis-induced intraabdominal abscesses.

Intraabdominal abscesses (IAA) caused by Bacteroides fragilis are a major sequela to colonic spillage into the peritoneum. The development of an animal model that closely reproduces the disease observed in humans permitted careful inspection of the cellular and/or humoral contributions to the development and control of this disease. The results obtained thus far describe an immunoregulatory T cell circuit that governs both the development of and the immunity against these abscesses. T cells of CD4+8+ phenotype induce the development of IAA in response to B. fragilis. CD8+ T cells generated in response to immunization with the B. fragilis capsular polysaccharide confer protection against the development of IAA. These cells elaborate an antigen-specific factor that mediates the observed protection by these cells. Moreover, a third type of T cell, a CD8+ cell that is also present in nonimmune individuals, is required for the immune T cell or its factor to confer protection. Thus, in the specific disease process of IAA induced by the encapsulated microorganism B. fragilis, immunity proceeds by cellular and not humoral mechanisms.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Antibody titer to Bacteroides fragilis is increased in Crohn disease patients with fistula development].

We compared antibody levels to Bacteroides fragilis in patients with different stages of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis to normal controls using an ELISA. IgM-titers were low in patients with Crohn's disease who had undergone surgery of small or large bowel but normal in all other groups of patients. Similarly, IgG-titers were similar to control values in all patients with uncomplicated Crohn's disease but elevated in patients with complicating fistula, colonic Crohn's disease and resected small or large bowel. IgM- and IgG-titers were elevated in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, only sera from patients with fistula inhibited increased the binding of a monoclonal antibody specific for B. fragilis thus demonstrating their specificity for B. fragilis. This findings could point to an involvement of B. fragilis in the formation of fistula in patients with Crohn's disease.

Adolescent↗