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Peroneal osteocutaneous flap raised on reconstructed popliteal artery for delayed union following open tibial fractures.

Two cases of delayed union following type IIIC open tibial fracture were treated by a pedicled peroneal osteocutaneous flap raised on reconstructed popliteal vessels. Dissection of the peroneal vessels from the already traumatized extremity was tedious, but this technique provided a reliable vascularized skin and bone graft that was indispensable for the fracture healing. Peroneal osteocutaneous flaps raised on the reconstructed popliteal artery have not been reported to date; they appear to be a good alternative to free osteocutaneous flaps for non-union of the proximal tibia.

Adult↗

Arterial kink and damage in normal segments of the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries abutting nitinol stents--a common cause of late occlusion and restenosis? A single-center experience.

OBJECTIVE: To identify a new angiographic parameter associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes with nitinol stenting in the larger infrainguinal arteries. BACKGROUND: Nitinol stents have proven to be useful and safe, but imperfect, tools for treating claudication and limb-threatening ischemia. Primary and secondary patency in superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusions treated with nitinol stents are up to 80% at 1 year, but restenosis is between 40-50% at 2 years. The causes of SFA and popliteal restenosis remain unclear. Stent fracture has been implicated in some cases of restenosis, but this is clearly the minority. Chronic mechanical trauma to the arteries caused by native vessel-stent interaction, intensified by limb motion over time, appears to be a more plausible explanation. METHODS: Presented here are 2 cases of restenosis apparently caused by acute and chronic trauma to the native vessel from interaction of the artery with the ends of relatively rigid nitinol stent systems. RESULTS: The source of some future restenotic and occlusive events are not apparent using routine angiography techniques. CONCLUSION: The additional step of an on-table leg bend test at 80-90 degrees will allow the interventionalist to visualize many cases of negative interaction between the native artery and the stents that will occur during routine movement. This allows the operator to potentially avoid stent-induced arterial trauma.

Aged↗

Delayed recanalization angioplasty after traumatic occlusion of the superficial femoral and popliteal artery.

The management of patients presenting with limb-threatening ischemia after lower limb trauma poses particular demands on vascular surgeons. We describe two patients with lower limb arterial occlusions who presented with limb-threatening ischemia 8 years and 3 years after trauma to the lower limb. They were successfully managed by recanalization angioplasty, with a good early clinical outcome after 5 months and 3 months, respectively. Recanalization angioplasty is a useful adjunct in the management of ischemic limbs after trauma.

Adult↗

Endograft use in the femoral and popliteal arteries.

The results of infra-inguinal intervention for atherosclerotic occlusive disease have not changed dramatically in the last 15 years despite the advent of many different designs of uncovered stents. "Plain old balloon angioplasty" remains the treatment of choice for short lesions (<3 cm) with good morphologic characteristics. Stents have improved suboptimal angioplasty results somewhat, but results in longer lesions >5 cm have remained poor in most series. Although there are no endografts currently approved for arterial use by the FDA, expanded polytetraflouroethylene (ePTFE) covered endoprostheses are available and their use in the femoropopliteal arteries can dramatically improve the results of endovascular treatment for longer lesions and allow one to treat vascular ruptures and aneurysms. In this article, we will review the published results for the use of endografts in the femoropopliteal arteries and describe what we believe to be the current indications for their use.

Alloys↗