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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Whole body positron emission tomography in breast cancer].

The value of whole body positron emission tomography using F-18 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose in primary work-up and follow-up was prospectively evaluated in 37 patients with primary or metastatic breast cancer. From 20 primary breast masses 15 from 16 malignant and 4 from 4 benign lesions confirmed by biopsy, were detected. In 3 out of 21 patients in correlation to morphologic imaging, respectively biopsy, no metastatic disease was not identified. Generally speaking, whole body positron emission tomography appears to be a suitable diagnostic staging tool in breast cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Breast sonography with the new water bath scanning technics].

At 1188 patients we investigated the value of sonography of the breast in the detection of malignancies. We used 2 automatic multitransducer water-bath scanners, at first the 3 MH Octoson, then System 1, a dedicated 4 MH water-bath breast scanner which allows for compound and simple scans in any scanning plane. The sensitivity for detection of 63 malignancies was 87%. Other pathologies were 18 fibroadenomas, 160 cysts, 6 abscesses, 2 fatty necroses, 2 papillomas, 9 prostheses, one of them broken. The difficulties associated with differential diagnosis in breast sonography are discussed in detail.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Breast sonography with high-frequency short-focusing transducers].

Since 1984 two high-frequency short-focussed linear transducers have been used for breast sonography at Innsbruck University Gynaecological Clinic. In the study reported here 121 patients with pathologic change in the breast were examined. A significant improvement in diagnosis was achieved: on the one hand because of the improved resolution and distinction of the lesions, and on the other because of the manageability of the transducers and the individually adjustable breast compression. Both perforation of the physiological mammary strata as well as clearly distinguishable tumor ends without echoproof halos were considered reliable indicators of the malignancy of the respective changes.

Abscess↗
PubMed1985

[Morphological prognosis factors in ovarian carcinoma].

Ovarian tumours form a broad spectrum of histological types which reflect significant differences with regard to their biological behaviour and their responsiveness to radiological and cytostatical therapy. Precise subclassification is a precondition for selective therapy. A special subclass of tumours is represented by so-called borderline tumours which form a significant proportion of the overall group of epithelian ovarian neoplasms. Borderline tumours are histologically defined tumours which are neither fully benign nor overtly malignant. Though capable to metastasise they are of low malignant potential and favourable prognosis. In clinical statistics borderline tumours should be registered as a special entity. Within the ordinary group of malignant epithelial tumours histological grading has proven to be of prognostic significance. Amongst a great spectrum of useful cyto-histological criteria, nuclear polymorphism. The number of mitoses, and necrosis are the most important predictive factors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[More than 1500 radiologically indicated breast biopsies. Microcalcifications and the pathologic galactogram, 1964-1982].

In the last 19 years 47,518 women had mammographies at the Department of Gynaecology of the University of Erlangen. 1653 patients had 2215 galactograms. Biopsies of the breast indicated by mammography were done in 1521 cases. 955 cases showed micro-calcifications in groups. 566 showed abnormal galactograms. The microscopic examination in the 955 cases with microcalcifications showed invasive carcinoma, carcinoma in situ or atypical epithelial proliferations in 1/3 of the cases In 10% of the cases small calcified fibroadenomata, papillomas or granulomas were found. In 60% of the biopsies mammary dysplasia partly with nonatypical epithelial proliferations were found. When the galactogram showed pathological contours the breast tissue was excised in a segment. In over 40% of 566 segmental excisions papillomata were the cause of pathological secretions from the breast. Ductal carcinomas, carcinoma in situ and extensive intraductal solid papillary or adenomatous epithelial proliferations were found in 27% of the cases. Approximately the same number of cases did not show atypical epithelial proliferations. Delay in the early diagnosis of changes which may be the first sign of malignant breast disease can be avoided by good cooperations between the physicians treating the cases.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1980

[New aspects in ultrasound mammography (author's transl)].

We report about 239 ultrasound examinations of the breast using a new water-tank scanner (U.I.Octoson, Ausonics, Sydney, Australia). A very good tissue differentiation of the brease is caused by a special technique and a high resolution. Beside benign results, typical findings in 49 malignancies are demonstrated ("shadowing", "christmastree-sign") and its value discussed. All ultrasound examinations are correlated to X-ray mammography, thermography, needle-biopsy and patho-histology.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1986

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography of the breast: diagnosis, differential diagnosis, problems and possible solutions. II: Diagnosis].

Eighty-five MR examinations were carried out on both breasts of 72 patients. A special surface coil was used. The results were compared with the findings of mammography and with the post-operative findings. There were 16 fibrocystic mastopathies, seven isolated cysts, 22 fibro-adenomas and 25 carcinomas. Differentiation between fibro-adenomas and carcinomas is only possible on the basis of morphological criteria. Cysts and fibrocystic mastopathies can be identified with certainty. Typical patterns of the various pathological conditions are described, but these will have to be confirmed by the study of a larger number of patients, in order to make them statistically significant. The advantage of MR consists in the simultaneous demonstration of the thoracic wall and the axilla.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of breast cancer using intravenous DSA].

Intravenous DSA of the breast is a new, hardly invasive, method for demonstrating carcinomas of the breast and for differentiating these from benign lesions. Carcinomas show distinct tumour-staining during the capillary phase, although the criteria which are used on conventional angiography are not recognisable. Semi-malignant tumours show feeble staining. Benign diseases such as fibro-adenomas and focal sclerosing adenosis are not demonstrated by I-V DSA. The indication for intravenous breast DSA is for the clarification of suspicious findings where less invasive methods, such as mammography and cytology, have failed to give a definitive diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Nuclear spin tomography in breast diagnosis].

The authors report about their preliminary experience with MRI in the diagnosis of breast disease. 50 breast masses in 41 consecutive patients have been evaluated by MRI and mammography, some of which have been evaluated by ultrasound, as well. All masses have consequently been biopsied. They include 32 carcinomas, 1 secondary malignant lymphoma, 4 fibroadenomas, 2 papillomas, 3 cysts, 1 hamartoma and 5 dysplastic nodules. Advantages and disadvantages of MRI of the breast are discussed. Possible future indications are suggested for selected cases.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1983

[Possibilities for the use of manual and automated scanning procedures in ultrasonic mammography].

The limitations and advantages of the different ultrasonic breast-scanner (manual and automated) were described, likewise experiences with an automated waterpath scanner (Octoson). For breast cancer screening the automated scanner seems to be an acceptable concept, because it manifests the breast with an excellent anatomic view. In addition the mamma is in a stable position and the examination can be properly delegated. The manual examination can be used as an additional examination. Ultrasound scan can be correlated with the manual examination and a cyst can be punctured under ultrasonic control. Essential technological improvements are to be expected by both ultrasonic systems.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of mammography and automated sonography in 700 patients].

700 patients underwent routinely x-ray mammography and breast ultrasound with an automated grey-scale breast scanner. The parenchymal pattern of the ultrasound B-scan was morphological identical to the x-ray film. The echogram gave further informations about the topographic localisation of pathologic lesions to the chest wall including the pectoral muscles. The sonogram was of no value in 10 percent due to diffuse reflection of the breast. In cystic disease the diagnostic accuracy of the ultrasound was with about 100 percent superior to that of x-ray mammography. On the contrary the accuracy of the x-ray mammography was higher than that of ultrasound in the diagnosis of benign or malignant solids. Benign adenoma smaller than 1 cm could not be definetively recognised as carcinoma of this size. The diagnostic accuracy of the sonogram was 70 percent by 40 histologically proved carcinomas. The only use of the automated scanner in the diagnostics of the breast seams to be not justified, even not as a screening method, especially because small tumors with good prognosis are not recognized, however, the ultrasound gives additional important informations in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of the female breast.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1983

[Hamartoma of the breast. Comparative mammographic and histopathological studies].

Hamartomas of the breast are well circumscribed tumour-like lesions composed of fibroadipose and glandular tissue in variable degrees, depending on the patients' age. The nodules have a pseudocapsule and can easily be enucleated surgically. They may be recognised on mammography by their contours and density. Clinically they appear as painless areas of induration most frequently in the fourth and fifth decade of life. Pathogenetically it is assumed that they are an additional sprout of the breast, comparable to an "intra-glandular polymastia".

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

[An analysis of 136 groups of microcalcification of benign origin. How specific is the "triangle principle" (author's transl)].

Amongst 107 localised groups of microcalcification of benign origin and not intraductal in localisation, there were 79 which showed round, oval or amorphous configuration, and 28 which were triangular. Of 29 intraductal areas of microcalcification, 26 showed appearances resembling an intraduct carcinoma. The "triangle principle" is therefore specific for the intraductal location of the lesion, but is unrelated to the question of malignancy. If the shape of the lesion had been used as the sole indication for biopsy, ie. had one operated only on those groups of microcalcification showing a triangular shape, it would have been possible to avoid biopsy in benign lesions in 79 patients and only three harmless intraductal lesions would have been overlooked. It is the task of the radiologist to distinguish intraductal calcification from that which is not intraductal.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

[Ultrasonic mammography: its importance in integrated diagnosis of breast diseases (author's transl)].

Sonography of the breast is gaining in importance with the spread of diagnostic methods based on ultrasound in general and the increasing technical perfection of the equipment in particular. Over and above this, the increase in incidence of carcinoma of the breast at an increasingly early age represents a permanent challenge to achieve further optimisation of diagnostic methods. The following conclusions have been arrived at after evaluating 493 ultrasonic examinations of the breast, 212 of which were verified histologically (90 carcinomas): 1. If the indication is precise, sonography possesses a high degree of sensitivity in diagnosing any changes occurring in the breast. 2. The method offers particular advantages in patients with manifest signs having a dense parenchyma; in fact, with such patients sonography is often superior to mammography. 3. The additional use of sonography in diagnosis of diseases of the breast improves the results and often facilitates a less aggressive procedure (insofar as biopsies can be omitted). The main drawbacks are the great amount of time required for performing the examination, and the problem of documentation. This has been the major obstacle to using sonography in screening. The article discusses the indications, the typical sonographic criteria and problems of differential diagnosis in relation to the most frequently encountered diseases of the breast.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

[Technical aspects of breast sonography. Experience with an immersion scanner (Octoson) (author's transl)].

The experience with the sonographic examination of 80 patients with an Octoson body unit is described. It was found that with the present technique immersion of the breast in most cases is less satisfactory than compression of the breast. The compound scan improves the information as compared with a single scan up to a point. Immersion sonography, like all other types of ultrasound examination, is at present not satisfactory as the sole method for examining the breast. As an addition to mammography and palpation, sonography is, however, already an important complementary method.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

[Osteochondrosarcoma of breast (author's transl)].

Sarcomas of the breast are rare. The radiological and thermographic features of a mixed malignant chondro- and osteoplastic tumour (osteochondrosarcoma) are described. Mammographically, there was rapid growth of nodular, round smooth tumour, with coarse, confluent and bizarre calcification. Thermography revealed the features of malignancy. In the differential diagnosis, a circular focus with coarse calcification, as occurs in a sarcoma, may be difficult to distinguish from a fibro-adenoma. Such lesions should therefore be removed as soon as possible and submitted to careful histological examination.

Adenofibroma↗