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Results for “salinity tolerance”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Characterization of salinity-tolerant mutant of Anabaena doliolum exhibiting multiple stress tolerance.

Results show that an isolated mutant of the cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum is a fast-growing strain. It exhibits approximately twofold higher NaCl tolerance than the wild type. It also reveals cross-resistance against the herbicide 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU), drug bacitracin, and LiCl. Further, an improved LiCl tolerance property of both the mutant and wild-type strains at high concentration of NaCl (40 m M) may be interpreted in terms of competitive inhibition of the Li(+) uptake by Na(+) ions, whereas bacitracin resistance in these organisms is described to be the result of an alteration in the drug transporting channels of membrane. The multiple stress tolerance property of the A. doliolum may be attributed to altered membrane characteristics in the mutant strain, leading to reduced intake of such toxicants.

Anabaena↗
PubMed2000

Shared salinity tolerance invalidates a test for the malaria vector Anopheles farauti s.s. on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands.

Among the Punctulatus Group of Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), first-instar larvae of the medically unimportant freshwater Anopheles farauti species No. 7 survives a seawater tolerance test (SST) that was previously thought to be diagnostic for the saltwater-tolerant malaria vector species, An. farauti Laveran s.s. Salt tolerance in these two closely related isomorphic species appears to be a shared derived character within the Farauti Complex. Failure to differentiate An. farauti s.s. from An. farauti No. 7 will overestimate potential malaria vector numbers and waste limited larval control resources. Use of the SST should therefore be discontinued on Guadalcanal and other techniques such as allozyme electrophoresis used instead.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Shared salinity tolerance invalidates a test for the malaria vector Anopheles farauti s.s. on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands [corrected].

Among the Punctulatus Group of Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), first-instar larvae of the medically unimportant freshwater Anopheles farauti species No. 7 survives a seawater tolerance test (STT) that was previously thought to be diagnostic for the saltwater-tolerant malaria vector species, An. farauti Laveran s.s. Salt tolerance in these two closely related isomorphic species appears to be a shared derived character within the Farauti Complex. Failure to differentiate An. farauti s.s. from An. farauti No.7 will overestimate potential malaria vector numbers and waste limited larval control resources. Use of the STT should therefore be discontinued on Guadalcanal and other techniques such as allozyme electrophoresis used instead [corrected].

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Mechanisms of salinity tolerance in plants.

The mechanisms of salt stress response and tolerance have eluded definition despite reasonable success in defining their physiological manifestations. In this review, we consider the integrated salt metabolism of plants, essentially as a problem in meganutrient physiology. Two critical aspects of cellular and organismal metabolism are given particular attention-those involved in the control and integration of Na(+) acquisition and allocation in plants and those involved in readjustment of other aspects of metabolism, especially those involving carbon as a resource.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

[Saline tolerance white clover transformed with the betaine aldehyde dehyrogenase gene by Agrobacterium tumefaciens].

The white clover has been transformed with the Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (BADH) gene cloned from Atriplex hortensis by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The relative electronic conductivity of the transgenic plants under 1% NaCl stress for 48 hours was about 20%, less than the control plant's relative electronic conductivity (more than 40%), these showed the cell membrane of the transgenic plants has been less injured than control plants under salt stress. The other experience showed that the transgenic plant could grow well in water culture included 0.5% NaCl for more than two weeks, but the control plants could not.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens↗
PubMed2005

Ontogeny of osmoregulation in postembryonic fish: a review.

Salinity and its variations are among the key factors that affect survival, metabolism and distribution during the fish development. The successful establishment of a fish species in a given habitat depends on the ability of each developmental stage to cope with salinity through osmoregulation. It is well established that adult teleosts maintain their blood osmolality close to 300 mosM kg(-1) due to ion and water regulation effected at several sites: tegument, gut, branchial chambers, urinary organs. But fewer data are available in developing fish. We propose a review on the ontogeny of osmoregulation based on studies conducted in different species. Most teleost prelarvae are able to osmoregulate at hatch, and their ability increases in later stages. Before the occurrence of gills, the prelarval tegument where a high density of ionocytes (displaying high contents of Na+/K+-ATPase) is located appears temporarily as the main osmoregulatory site. Gills develop gradually during the prelarval stage along with the numerous ionocytes they support. The tegument and gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity varies ontogenetically. During the larval phase, the osmoregulatory function shifts from the skin to the gills, which become the main osmoregulatory site. The drinking rate normalized to body weight tends to decrease throughout development. The kidney and urinary bladder develop progressively during ontogeny and the capacity to produce hypotonic urine at low salinity increases accordingly. The development of the osmoregulatory functions is hormonally controlled. These events are inter-related and are correlated with changes in salinity tolerance, which often increases markedly at the metamorphic transition from larva to juvenile. In summary, the ability of ontogenetical stages of fish to tolerate salinity through osmoregulation relies on integumental ionocytes, then digestive tract development and drinking rate, developing branchial chambers and urinary organs. The physiological changes leading to variations in salinity tolerance are one of the main basis of the ontogenetical migrations or movements between habitats of different salinity regimes.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗