Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “hepatic function”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Plasma amino acids in cirrhosis and after liver transplantation: influence of liver function, hepatic hemodynamics and circulating hormones.

Liver cirrhosis is characterized by substantial changes in amino acid (AA) metabolism, resulting in a deranged plasma AA profile. To investigate the effect of liver transplantation (OLT), we studied arterial AA profiles in 52 patients with advanced cirrhosis, 16 stable patients over 6 months after OLT and 48 controls. Changes in AA levels were correlated with portal pressure (hepatic venous pressure gradient), functional hepatic blood flow (indocyanine green extraction) and circulating hormone levels (catecholamines, insulin, C-peptide). Fourteen of 18 measured AA were significantly altered in cirrhosis and 11 of 18 remained abnormal after OLT compared with controls. Aromatic AA (AAA) and methionine were elevated in cirrhosis (p < 0.001 each), increasing with disease stage, and normalized after OLT. Branched chain AA (BCAA) levels were decreased in cirrhosis (p < 0.001) and were unrelated to disease stage. After OLT, BCAA levels remained subnormal (p < 0.01), although higher than in cirrhosis (p < 0.001). AAA levels increased with decreasing functional hepatic blood flow (r = -0.67; p < 0.001) and increasing portal pressure (r = 0.59; p < 0.001). BCAA levels decreased with increasing catecholamine (r = - 0.54, p < 0.001) and insulin levels (r = - 0.40, p = 0.001). We conclude that despite normal liver function, AA metabolism is only partially normalized after OLT. AAA levels mainly determined by hepatic metabolic function and functional liver blood flow return to normal, while BCAA levels remain subnormal, indicating persistent changes in muscular AA metabolism after OLT.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of portacaval transposition on hepatic function in dogs with obstruction to the hepatic venous outflow.

Complete hepatic venous outflow obstruction (COB) in dogs resulted in impairment of hepatic function and cellular injury. Thus both the serum albumin concentration and the plasma clearance of indocyanine green (ICG) were reduced, whilst serum glycoproteins, aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase levels were increased. Partial outflow block (POB)resulted in less severe functional changes although a significant decrease in serum albumin was also observed. The changes in liver function in dogs with portacaval transposition (PCT) and COB were generally similar to those in dogs with COB alone. However, the increases in serum enzyme activities and the decrease in plasma clearance of ICG were greater in the group with PCT. A late improvement in the clearance of ICG in dogs with COB and PCT was probably related to retrograde portal flow. When the hepatic lesion was only moderate (POB) PCT had little effect on either the liver function tests or plasma clearance of ICG, although no improvement in function was observed. It is concluded that PCT has no beneficial effect on dogs with either severe or moderate hepatic lesion and may cause further functional deterioration.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

Nicardipine infusion improved hepatic function but failed to reduce hepatic venous pressure gradient in patients with cirrhosis.

We investigated the effects of nicardipine on systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics and on liver function in 16 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Patients received a continuous infusion of 0.3 mg/min of nicardipine (n = 10) and a control infusion (n = 6). No significant changes were observed after a control infusion. In contrast, systemic vasodilatation, evidenced by a significant fall in mean arterial pressure (-14%, p less than 0.01) and systemic vascular resistance (-30%, p less than 0.01), increased heart rate (+8%, p less than 0.01) and cardiac output (+21%, p less than 0.01), and increased hepatic blood flow (+43%, p less than 0.01) were observed at 60 min after a continuous infusion of nicardipine. Although nicardipine improved hepatic function (intrinsic clearance from 0.29 +/- 0.13 to 0.33 +/- 0.15 L/min, p less than 0.05), portal pressure evaluated by hepatic venous pressure gradient was not reduced significantly (from 16.3 +/- 4.9 to 15.1 +/- 5.7 mm Hg; NS). We conclude that a continuous infusion of nicardipine improves liver function but has no beneficial effect on portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effects of alcohol intake and low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase on hepatic function in a high hepatitis C virus-prevalent Japanese island population.

In Asians from the Pacific rim countries, alcohol sensitivity has been attributed mainly to a highly prevalent polymorphism in low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). Chronic alcohol abuse may accelerate or aggravate the liver injury in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected subjects. In this study, we examined the relationships among alcohol intake, ALDH2 genotypes, and liver injury in a high HCV-prevalent Japanese native island population. The ALDH2 genotypes are significantly associated with drinking habits. In HCV RNA positive subjects, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), were significantly higher in habitual drinkers than in nonhabitual drinkers. In male habitual drinkers, the ALDH2*1/*1 subjects had higher liver necroinflammatory scores than the ALDH2*1/*2 subjects in all groups classified as: I, anti-HCV-seronegative; II, anti-HCV-seropositive with negative HCV RNA; and III, HCV RNA positive, although scores for the latter two groups were not statistically significant because of limited sample size. It was suggested that the liver function might be affected by the interaction between the ALDH2 genotypes and alcohol intake. These findings indicate that HCV-infected ALDH2*1/*1 habitual drinkers are the major target for the prevention of alcoholic liver diseases.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1981

The effect of short-term total parenteral nutrition on hepatic function in the human neonate: a prospective randomized study demonstrating alteration of hepatic canalicular function.

Twenty-one infants who were candidates for TPN because of respiratory disease were randomized into experimental (TPN) and control (glucose-electrolyte) groups. Serum GOT, GPT, GGTP, 5' nucleotidase, total, direct, and conjugated (ethyl anthranilate-reactive) bilirubin, and bile salt concentrations were determined at entry into the study and at one week. One week of TPN caused significant elevations of GGTP, 5'-N and EA bilirubin values, whereas SGOT, SGPT, SBS, and total and direct bilirubin were unaffected. Addition of a lipid infusion to TPN did not alter these differences. These data are interpreted as showing: (1) amino acid infusion has an early effect on hepatic function which is independent of the many diseases for which this therapy is used and of the concomitant use of lipid; (2) the initial effect appears to be on the canalicular membrane; and (3) the sinusoidal membrane is apparently unaffected by one week of TPN.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2006

Clinical and pharmacologic study of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib in cancer patients with normal or mildly or moderately impaired hepatic function.

PURPOSE: This study explored the feasibility of treating patients with impaired hepatic function with tipifarnib. The safety profile, pharmacokinetics, and relationship between the pharmacokinetics and toxicities were evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with mildly or moderately impaired hepatic function (Child-Pugh classification) were treated with tipifarnib bid on days 1 to 5 of cycle 1. Further dosing was based on the individual day 5 pharmacokinetic data and absolute neutrophil count. For patients with normal hepatic function, tipifarnib was dosed on days 1 to 14, followed by 1 week of rest. For all patients, in subsequent cycles, tipifarnib was administered for 21 consecutive days out of every 28 days. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients were included in the normal (n = 16), mild (n = 9), and moderate (n = 3) impairment groups. The most important grade 3 to 4 hematologic toxicity was leukocytopenia/neutropenia, which was mostly observed in patients with moderate impairment. Common nonhematologic toxicities were fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. The pharmacokinetic data showed higher plasma concentrations of tipifarnib in patients with liver impairment compared with patients with normal hepatic function. CONCLUSION: In patients with mildly impaired hepatic function, tipifarnib can be administered safely at a starting dose of 200 mg bid, but it is not safe to treat patients with moderate hepatic impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of age on tests of intestinal and hepatic function in healthy humans.

We studied intestinal function and hepatic microsomal phase I monooxygenase function in healthy, free-living subjects, aged 19-91 yr. In subjects (n = 114) given a diet including 100 g/day of fat, fecal fat in a 72-h collection did not increase with advancing age. D-Xylose excretion (n = 54) following a 25-g oral load significantly declined with increasing age, but a concomitant decline in creatinine clearance suggested a decrease in renal function rather than an absorptive defect. Furthermore, there was no evidence for an age-associated increase in bile salt deconjugation by intestinal bacteria as shown by the glycocholate breath test (n = 60). Finally, there was no evidence for a decrease in hepatic microsomal function with advancing age as measured by the aminopyrine breath test (n = 60). We conclude that digestive/absorptive and hepatic microsomal phase I monooxygenase function are well preserved in healthy humans throughout life.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Resolution of hypophosphatemia is associated with recovery of hepatic function in children with fulminant hepatic failure.

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a rare but often fatal disease in children. Clinical and laboratory predictors of liver regeneration and recovery, however, have not been well established. We hypothesized that hypophosphatemia may indicate recovery of liver synthetic function in children with FHF. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children with FHF who were admitted to UCLA and recovered hepatic function either spontaneously or by liver transplantation (LTx). Serum phosphate (Ph) and prothrombin time or international normalized ratio (INR) were compared over the patient's clinical course. Records of 39 children who spontaneously recovered experienced profound hypophosphatemia that resolved as liver synthetic function improved. Similar patterns were seen in the 84 children who recovered after LTx. We found that hypophosphatemia precedes the recovery of liver synthetic function in children with FHF who recovered with or without transplantation, and that Ph levels return to normal as liver synthetic function improves. These data suggest that hypophosphatemia may be a useful laboratory indicator of recovering liver function in children with FHF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Functional hepatic regeneration following hepatectomy using galactosyl-human serum albumin liver scintigraphy.

In extended hepatectomy and liver transplantation, accurate estimation of functional hepatic regeneration is more important than volumetric regeneration. We investigated the usefulness of measuring the functional hepatic volume by 99m-technetium galactosyl-human serum albumin scintigraphy (GSA). Extended hepatectomy was performed in 32 patients. These patients were divided into subgroups with or without chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Functional hepatic volume GSA scintigraphy (GSA-LV) and determination of hepatic volume by CT (CT-LV) measurements were performed preoperatively, at 2 and 4 weeks and at 3 and 6 months after surgery. The preoperative GSA-LV values were significantly correlated with the hepatocyte volume and the 15-minute retention rate of indocyanine green (ICGR15). Similarly, the hepatocyte volume correlated well with the CT-LV and ICGR15. However, the CT-LV correlated only with the ICGR15. Recovery of the GSA-LV was delayed, and about 90% of the volumetric and functional regeneration was observed within 6 months after the hepatectomy. In contrast, the CT-LV in patients with normal liver remnants returned to approximately 90% of the initial volume within 1 month after the hepatectomy, whereas patients with injured livers regeneration showed gradual recovery to approximately 80% of the preoperative value by 6 months after hepatectomy. We conclude that measurement of functional hepatic volume using the GSA-LV is useful to evaluate hepatic function based on hepatocyte volume.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1988

Hepatic detoxification and hepatic function in chronic active hepatitis with and without cirrhosis.

The detoxification capacity of the liver in chronic active hepatitis (CAH) without liver cirrhosis (LC) is not sufficiently known. Therefore, we examined, in 156 patients with morphologically proven CAH of different stages, plasma ammonia, free phenols, indican, glucuronic acid and urea synthesis rate as parameters for liver detoxification. We found a significant increase of ammonia, phenols, and indican and a significant decrease of glucuronic acid and urea synthesis rate parallel to the stage of CAH without LC. In 34 CAH patients with complete recovery, a retrospective 10-year follow-up was possible. Parallel to the normalization of liver morphology and general liver tests, detoxification parameters also normalized. However, the detoxification disorders in CAH without LC are mild in nature and do not produce hepatic encephalopathy. Probably, they are caused by a reduced synthesis of the urea-cycle enzymes and of glucuronyltransferase in the liver.

Ammonia↗
PubMed2001

[Effect of relieving blood stasis, strengthening spleen and soothing liver therapy in improving hepatic function in patients after liver-carcinomectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To improve hepatic function with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in patients after liver-carcinomectomy. METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients were divided into the CHM group (61 patients) and the control group (59 patients). CHM therapy for relieving blood stasis, invigorating Spleen and soothing Liver was given to the CHM group after liver-carcinomectomy continuously for 5-6 weeks, and hepatic function was examined in all patients 8-9 weeks after the operation. RESULTS: The hepatic function indexes, including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotrasferase (AST), serum albumin (ALB), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL), were improved in the CHM group more significantly than those in the control group, all P < 0.05. CONCLUSION: Relieving blood stasis, strengthening Spleen and soothing Liver therapy has good effect in improving hepatic function after liver-carcinomectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Treatment of hepatic functional reserve injury after TACE in hepatocellular carcinoma with Chinese herbal medicines].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been proved to injure hepatic functional reserve. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of Chinese herbal medicines in treatment of hepatic functional reserve injury after TACE. METHODS: Sixty-one advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients were divided into two groups: groups A (Western medicine combined with Chinese herbal medicine group, n = 30) and group B (Western medicine group, n = 31). Western medicines were used to protect hepatic function and alleviate TACE syndrome in both group A and group B. Invigorating the spleen and activating blood circulation Chinese herbal medicines were added only in group A before and after TACE. Retention rate of Indocyanine green at 15 minutes (ICGR15) was measured in both group A and group B before 1st, 2nd TACE and one month after 2nd TACE respectively. RESULTS: Hepatic functional reserve before 1st TACE was 11.18% +/- 7.30% in group A and 11.83 +/- 7.18% in group B, (P > 0.05). Hepatic functional reserve before 2nd TACE was 11.69% +/- 5.13% in group A and 16.64 +/- 10.15% in group B, (P < 0.05). Hepatic functional reserve one month after 2nd TACE was 11.53% +/- 5.30% in group A and 19.80 +/- 11.26% in group B, (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Invigorating the spleen and activating blood circulation Chinese herbal medicine can prevent hepatic functional reserve injury after TACE.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Natural course of changes in hepatic functional reserve in patients with chronic liver diseases evaluated by scintigraphy with GSA.

Hepatic functional reserve can be evaluated in a noninvasive way by scintigraphy with 99mTc-DTPA-galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-GSA). We monitored hepatic functional reserve in patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis using scintigraphy with 99mTc-GSA to determine the natural course of changes in their hepatic functional reserve. Computer acquisition of gamma-camera data was started before the injection of 185 MBq of 99mTc-GSA and was stopped 20 min later. Time-activity curves were generated from ROI for the heart and liver. A receptor index and index of blood clearance were calculated from radioactivity in the heart and liver. Scintigraphy with 99mTc-GSA was performed in 12 healthy subjects, 86 patients with chronic hepatitis, and 226 patients with cirrhosis. Seventy-two patients (23 with chronic hepatitis, 32 with cirrhosis in Child-Pugh stage A, 15 in stage B, and 2 in stage C) were examined at least twice with 12-72 months intervening. The receptor index was lower for more severe disorders, decreasing in the order of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in stages A, B, and C. The index of blood clearance was higher for more severe disorders, increasing in the order of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in stages A, B, and C. The mean annual change in the receptor index with chronic hepatitis was -0.0007, that with cirrhosis in stage A was -0.0023, and that with cirrhosis in stage B or C was -0.0117. The difference between the median annual change with cirrhosis in stage B or C and that with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis in stage A was not significant (P=0.064 and 0.251, respectively). The mean annual change in the index of blood clearance with chronic hepatitis was 0.0018, that with cirrhosis in stage A was 0.0060, and that with cirrhosis in stage B or C was 0.0330. The difference between the median annual change in the index of blood clearance with cirrhosis in stage B or C and that with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis in stage A was significant (P=0.004 and 0.007, respectively). Hepatic receptor imaging with 99mTc-GSA could be used to noninvasively evaluate the hepatic reserve of various liver diseases. Changes in hepatic functional reserve were not steady; it decreased gradually as disease advanced from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis in Child-Pugh stage A, and decrease rapidly after development of stage B cirrhosis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Re-expression of hepatic functions in mouse hepatoma X rat hepatoma hybrids.

Neonatal hepatic functions are selectively extinguished in hybrids between mouse hepatoma cells, that express only fetal hepatic functions, and rat hepatoma cells expressing neonatal as well as fetal functions. A search for hybrid cells reexpressing these neonatal functions was undertaken to determine; (1) whether the selective extinction of neonatal functions is reversible and at what frequency, and (2) whether the re-expression of neonatal functions would be accompanied by modifications in the expression of fetal functions. The criterion used to obtain hybrids showing re-expression was glucose-free medium (G) where growth requires the presence of the extinguished gluconeogenic enzymes. Even though the parental cells are of the same histotype it proved difficult to obtain re-expression. Survivors in G- were obtained only from hybrids containing a greater than 1s complement of rat chromosomes; they reexpress not only gluconeogenic enzymes but also basal tyrosine aminotransferase activity, and the fetal hepatic function alpha-fetoprotein continues to be expressed in most of the clones. All survivors in G- display a significant loss of chromosomes and this loss concerns essentially mouse chromosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Combined effects of prolonged prostaglandin E1-induced hypotension and haemodilution on human hepatic function.

Combined effects of prolonged prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)-induced hypotension and haemodilution on hepatic function were studied in 30 patients undergoing hip surgery. The patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups; those in group A (n = 10) were subjected to controlled hypotension alone, those in group B (n = 10) to haemodilution alone and those in group C (n = 10) to both controlled hypotension and haemodilution. Haemodilution in groups B and C was produced by withdrawing approximately 1000 mL of blood and replacing it with the same amount of dextran solution, and final haematocrit values were 21 or 22%. Controlled hypotension in groups A and C was induced with PGE1 to maintain mean arterial blood pressure at 55 mmHg for 180 min. Measurements included arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR, aceto-acetate/3-hydroxybutyrate) and clinical hepatic function parameters. AKBR and biological hepatic function tests showed no change throughout the time course in groups A and B. In group C, AKBR showed a significant decrease at 120 min (-40%) and at 180 min (-49%) after the start of hypotension and at 60 min (-32%) after recovery of normotension, and SGOT, SGPT, LDH and total bilirubin showed significant increases after operation. The results suggest that a prolonged combination of more than 120 min of PGE1-induced hypotension and moderate haemodilution would cause impairment of hepatic function.

Adult↗