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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

EMG analysis of the late exteroceptive suppression period of temporal muscle activity in episodic and chronic tension-type headaches.

EMG analysis of the late exteroceptive suppression period of the temporal muscle activity is discussed as comparative methodology in the assessment of patients suffering from chronic tension-type headache and from migraineurs. After electrical perioral trigeminal nerve stimulation during maximum voluntary jaw occlusion, early (ES1) and late (ES2) exteroceptive suppression periods can be registered above the temples using surface EMG recordings. In patients suffering from chronic tension-type headache the duration of the late suppression period is shortened (p less than 0.001) compared to migraineurs or controls. However, patients suffering from episodic tension-type headache display late suppression periods of temporal muscle activity of differing lengths.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of neurokinin A on human temporal muscle blood flow.

The effect of neurokinin A on human temporal muscle blood flow was compared to saline when injected into the muscle in six normal subjects. The 133-Xenon washout technique was used and the test solutions administered in a double-blind, cross-over manner. Neurokinin A (0.02 ml, 10(-5)M) caused a blood flow increase of 193%, while saline caused an increase of 23%. The difference between neurokinin A and saline was significant (p less than 0.05). It is suggested that a possible pathophysiological role of neurokinin A in migraine must involve modulation of vascular response as well as of primary nociception.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Pseudoankylosis of the mandible as a result of methyl methacrylate-induced inflammatory cicatricial contracture of the temporal muscle after cranioplasty.

Pseudoankylosis of the mandible after intracranial surgical procedure has been widely reported, and is usually caused by fibrosis of the temporal muscle as a result of injury during the operation. We present an unusual case of mandibular pseudoankylosis as a result of methyl methacrylate-induced aseptic inflammatory cicatricial contracture of the temporal muscle after cranioplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Temporal muscle haematoma as a cause of suboptimal haemicraniectomy: case report.

OBJECTIVE: To call attention to an unusual complication of decompressive haemicraniectomy in the treatment of malignant haemispheric infarction. METHOD: We describe a case in which partial decompression occurred despite large craniectomy. Complete decompression followed resection of the temporal muscle. Pertinent literature is briefly reviewed. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 55-year old woman developed massive right middle cerebral artery infarction evolving to cerebral haerniation in 40 hours. Decompressive haemicraniectomy without cortical excision was unable to revert coma and decerebrate posturing because of a massive temporal muscle haemorrhage with persistent contralateral deviation of midline structures. Muscle resection was followed by adequate external haerniation of the affected haemisphere and fast recovery. Cranioplasty was succesfully performed 22 days later, following gradual regression of cerebral oedema. CONCLUSION: There is an increasing perception of the need to operate patients with massive middle cerebral or internal carotid artery territory infarctions before the development of coma and cerebral haerniation. The most common factor leading to inadequate surgical decompression is small size craniectomy. The case reported calls attention to temporal muscle bleeding as an additional complication of craniectomy.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1977

The morphogenetic relationship of the temporal muscle to the coronoid process in human embryos and fetuses.

The purpose of this investigation was: (a) to study the developmental relationships of the temporal muscle and the coronoid process during the critical initial stages of morphogenesis and (b) to correlate the developmental stages of the muscle and the bone with data describing the functioning of the muscles of mastication in utero. The heads of 41 human embryos and fetuses, 6 to 11 weeks, estimated fertilization age, were sectioned and examined under light microscopy. The findings are described in terms of six successive stages, each characterized by a major developmental change occurring during that stage. The data indicate that the temporal and masseter muscle anlagen begin to develop prior to the skeleton to which they ultimately become attached. The coronoid process differentiates subsequently as a discrete entity within the mass of the temporal muscle anlage at an estimated fertilization age of 7 to 7.5 weeks (23-24 mm CRL). At approximately eight weeks of age, the coronoid process unites with the main portion of the mandibular ramus. The findings here presented do not support the conclusion that the coronoid process is self-differentiating as Washburn ('47) contended. Instead, the development of this feature of the human mandible represents a response that follows the differentiation of the temporal muscle. This conclusion is consistent with the observations drawn from a number of investigations concerning structural and functional development of the face.

Fetus↗
PubMed1992

Experimental pain in human temporal muscle induced by hypertonic saline, potassium and acidity.

The study was aimed at developing a reference model for experimental pain and tenderness in the human temporal muscle by the local injection of hypertonic saline, potassium chloride and acidic phosphate buffer, using isotonic saline as control. The design was randomized and double-blind. Twenty healthy subjects had 0.2 ml test solution injected into one temporal muscle and saline into the other. Following each injection, pain was rated on a 10-point ordinal scale and pressure-pain thresholds were measured every minute for 10 min by a pressure algometer. Hypertonic saline (n = 11) and potassium chloride (n = 12) induced significantly more pain than isotonic saline (ANOVA, p less than 0.0001). Compared to control injections, hypertonic saline and potassium chloride induced a significant reduction in pressure-pain threshold (ANOVA, p less than 0.0001 and p less than 0.05). Forty-eight percent of the injections led to the referral of pain most often to the jaws. A positive correlation between the relative occurrence of referred pain and pain intensity was observed (p less than 0.001) as was a negative correlation between the decrease in pressure-pain threshold and pain intensity (p less than 0.05).

Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electromyographic studies of nape and temporal muscles in headaches of various etiology].

The author reports the results of electromyographic investigations of the muscles of the nape and temporal muscles in 132 patients with headaches of different aetiology (migraine, cervical migraine, vasomotor headache, symptomatic headaches) and in 51 controls who had never had headaches. In the healthy subjects no bioelectric activity was observed when the patients relaxed completely. On the other hand, in most patients with headaches continuous bioelectric activity was observed at rest in these muscles indicating their involuntary contraction. This phenomenon is called by the author "cephalalgic" spasm of head and neck muscles, which is rather characteristic of various headaches.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1977

Evoked EMG of masseter and temporal muscles in man.

Following a percutaneous stimulation on the mandibular notch skin, two kinds of responses were recorded in the ipsilateral masseter and temporal muscles in man. The two responses had their proper stimulating points. The early response appeared with about a 2 ms latency and the late one with about a 6 ms latency which was shorter than that of T wave of the same muscle by about 1 ms. No responses were induced in the contralateral masseter and temporal muscles. Regarding the recovery process of the late response following double stimuli, a testing late response was released about 100% from the effect of conditioning shock at a longer interval than 80 approximately 95 ms. It might be safe to consider that the previous assumption, i.e. those two responses seemed to be M and H waves respectively, had been fortified. H response evoked in muscles tested seems to be sensitive enough to show the difference between excitatory states of its reflex arc.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Use of a posterior temporal muscle flap in surgery of the temporomandibular joint].

The anatomical and physiological relation between temporal muscle and temporomandibular joint are well-knowed. The versatility of the temporo muscle-fascia flap must be stressed. The posterior temporal flap is a simply, reliable procedure, with low morbidity. This technique is probably the procedure of choice in discal replacement and in interposition arthroplasty for ankylosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[The temporal muscle flap and palatal repair].

Two edentulous elderly women presented with benign but extensive tumors of middle third of face. The excision necessary for reasons of comfort and hygiene could not be envisaged unless the ineluctable vast palatine breach opened could be immediately repaired by surgery, any prosthetic solution being excluded. The use of a total temporal muscle flap, without zygoma section, provided an effective and comfortable solution to this both delicate and unusual problem. These cases illustrate the interest in the use of temporal muscle flaps in maxillofacial surgery, and their management for the repair of large palatine breaches.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Reflex response of temporal muscle induced by mechanical stimulation to periodontal ligament--in the lateral jaw movement during mastication].

In order to investigate the role of periodontal sensation in the regulation of human masticatory movement, particularly during lateral jaw movement from the working side to the intercuspal position, the responses of 8 motor units of contralateral temporal muscle (CTM) from 6 subjects to mechanical stimulation of the maxillary canine on the working side were analysed. The results were as follows: 1. The tonic response of the CTM to tonic mechanical stimulation of the maxillary canine on the working side was observed. The CTM responded much more clearly than the ipsilateral temporal muscle did. 2. After the periodontal sensation was blocked by 2% xylocaine, the CTM gradually showed less response. Therefore, it was proven that the periodontal sensation induced this CTM response. 3. When the load exceeded approximately 200 gf, the response of the motor unit (RMU) in the CTM to the loads reached its maximum response level. The tendency observed was that the more the background activity increased, the more the RMU to the loads decreased. 4. In normal occlusion, D1 stimulation had more effect on the RMU to the direction of mechanical stimulation than that of D2 stimulation. 5. When the maxillary canine in the cross-bite position was stimulated, the RMU to the direction of mechanical stimulation showed an opposite response pattern to that of normal occlusion. It suggested that malocclusion was one of the factors which influenced the RMU pattern of the CTM.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcitonin gene-related peptide, neurokinin A and substance P: effects on nociception and neurogenic inflammation in human skin and temporal muscle.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was injected alone and in combination with substance P (SP) or neurokinin A (NKA) into the forearm skin and temporal muscle of human volunteers. In the skin, 50 pmol of CGRP induced a wheal response and a delayed erythema. No pain was recorded. No interaction between CGRP and SP or NKA was observed. In the temporal muscle, 200 pmol of CGRP alone did not induce pain or tenderness but, in combination with SP or NKA, CGRP elicited a significant pain sensation. It is concluded that CGRP may be involved in neurogenic inflammation and that only SP, of the three peptides present in nociceptive C fibers, seems to be of major importance in relation to cutaneous nociception. Simultaneous neurogenic release of CGRP and other neuropeptides in skeletal muscle may induce myofascial pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Innervated temporal-muscle mastoid flaps.

Histological comparisons have been made of predicted temporal-muscle flaps with and without an intact nerve supply. The viability of the musculoplasty depends on maintenance of the neural bundle.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Intramuscular lipoma within the temporal muscle.

A 61-year-old male presented with a 6-month history of a subcutaneous nodule on the left forehead, which had gradually enlarged. He had suffered from headaches from 20 days before the first visit. His medical history included hepatitis C virus infection. He had had no history of trauma in this area. Clinical examination showed a subcutaneous soft nodule, 15 x 15 mm in size, which was adjacent to the left superficial temporal artery (Fig. 1). Though this artery revealed strong pulsation, the nodule had neither pulsation nor tenderness. His headache was localized in the left temporal area. He had no complaints of fever or weakness. Clinically, these features suggested a pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery. We operated on him under local anesthesia. An incision through the skin and subcutaneous fat exposed a nodule located within the temporal muscle. The fine branches of the superficial temporal artery reached out to the nodule through the muscle. After ligation of the branches, we resected the nodule surrounded by muscular tissue. Histopathology showed the proliferation of mature adipose cells embedded in muscular fibers. These cells had no nuclear pleomorphism or mitoses (Fig. 2). The tumor tissue contained partial fibrosis and some muscular fiber bundles scattered between the adipose cells (Fig. 3). Intramuscular lipoma within the temporal muscle was diagnosed. His headache was reduced after the operation, and he has had no recurrence of the tumor for 16 months. The relationship between the tumor and his headache was unknown.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[Temporal muscle fatigue studied via muscle conduction velocity technics and spectral analysis of the electromyographic signal].

We examined 6 normal volunteers (3 males and 3 females, age 26-30). They were requested to clench as hard as they could until they felt pain. The experiment was repeated one hour later. Emg was recorded during the fatiguing exercise and the recovery period. We couldn't determine the muscle conduction velocity, probably because of the anatomy of the temporal muscle. The mean of the power spectrum showed wide variability and proved unsuitable for clinical applications, both for diagnosis and follow-up.

Adult↗