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Temporal bone changes were described in a 66 year old woman with polyarteritis nodosa who became deaf 7 months before death. Polyarteritis nodosa of the left internal auditory artery was demonstrated with fibrosis and bone formation involving the cochlea and vestibular system. Endolymphatic hydrops of the basal turn of the cochlea was also present, as well as a chronic perforation of the free wall of the saccule.
Temporal bone fractures are clinically interesting because of the rich anatomy across which they traverse. These fractures most often present after blunt head trauma and may present with a variety of symptoms including facial nerve paralysis, hearing loss, and vertigo. This paper will classify these fractures and discuss their associated clinical findings.
The temporal bones of 4 deceased individuals, with concomitant chronic otitis media are studied. The various histopathological changes in the middle ear cleft are examined: suppuration, polyps, granulation tissue. The possibilities of spontaneous healing of a perforated TM and the indications of surgical treatment are discussed.
The temporal bone is the primary site for approximately 10% of rhabdomyosarcomas of the head and neck in children. Until recently it has been a uniformly fatal tumor despite treatment with radical surgery and radiation therapy. Although experience with the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study protocol-II is of relatively short duration, treatment of these children with radiation therapy and multiple-drug intravenous and intrathecal chemotherapy holds promise of significantly improved control rates.
Temporal bone cancer, a relatively rare disease, often presents in a subtle manner, which may delay diagnosis. It should be suspected in any case of persistent otitis media or otitis externa that fails to improve with adequate treatment. This article discusses physical and diagnostic imaging indications and epidemiology and histologic distribution of these tumors. Staging systems, patient selection criteria are presented as well as operative techniques and follow-up treatment. Despite advances in operative technique and postoperative care, long-term survival remains poor.
BACKGROUND: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are uncommon lesions of the temporal bone and their occurrence in the calvarium is rare. CASE DESCRIPTION: A case of a right temporal ABC is reported in a 14-year-old boy who presented swelling of the right temporal region. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a destructive and expansile bone lesion on the right anterior temporal and orbital bone. The lesion was removed in total by the right temporal craniotomy and orbitozygomatic osteotomy. ABC was diagnosed in the pathologic examination. The patient had good recovery during the postoperative course. CONCLUSIONS: This report presents the diagnosis and imaging of an ABC in the temporal bone. This localization is very rare for ABC. Total excision, if feasible, is the ideal treatment.
Aneurysmal bone cysts are uncommon lesions of the bone, which are benign and non-neoplastic in nature. They are commonly seen in the long bones. Their occurrence in the calvarium is rare. We report the occurrence of an aneurysmal bone cyst in the temporal bone of a young boy, which eroded the posterior part of the orbit to cause proptosis.
MR findings in a case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the temporal bone are described. MR can suggest the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst and also give ancillary information that is helpful for surgical treatment.
Bone resorption in the temporal bone of rats was induced by peripheral immunizations of heterogeneous type II collagen. Bone resorption was found at both the tympanic bone and the petrous bone of the otic capsule. Macrophages, fibroblasts and osteoclasts were found in the enlarged spaces of bone. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that macrophages, fibroblasts and osteoclasts produced collagenase and prostaglandins in the bone resorption processes, suggesting that these cells are responsible for the resorption observed.
BACKGROUND: Temporal bone chondroblastoma is a rare primary bone tumor that affects the floor of the middle cranial fossa. This tumor is known to have high recurrence rate after curettage, and wide resection is therefore recommended. However, the literature provides little information regarding long-term results after wide resection of temporal bone chondroblastoma. METHODS: Four cases of surgically treated temporal bone chondroblastoma underwent long-term follow-up. RESULTS: Four patients, 3 males and 1 female, with mean age of 34, were surgically treated at the neurosurgery department of Keio University Hospital. Two patients were treated for recurrent tumor and the other two for new disease. In all cases the tumor mainly involved the mandibular fossa with variable degree of infiltration into tympanic and petrous parts. The tumor was totally removed via zygomatic approach in all patients. In 3 patients, the mandibular condyle was removed to expose the tumor. These patients had temporary malocclusion and restricted motion postoperatively, which resolved within 3 to 12 months with conservative treatment. All patients have no recurrence to date with a mean follow-up period of 9 years. CONCLUSION: Temporal bone chondroblastoma was removed totally with skull base surgical technique and no recurrence has occurred for 6 to 13 years postoperatively. We found that removal of the mandibular head does not cause permanent problems of mastication in patients with normal dentures.
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Temporal bone histopathology is reported on a case of acute suppurative otitis media, acute suppurative labyrinthitis, and meningitis with death of the patient 20 days after stapes surgery. Purulent exudate invaded the vestibule by the oval window through a displaced footplate. The main pathway of infection to the menings was extension along the branches of the vesticular nerve to the internal auditory meatus and to the subarachnoid space.
Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is an uncommon lesion of the temporal bone (TB), with only 20 cases reported. Facial paralysis is a rare complication (2 cases); however, no cases have been reported with preoperative reversal of paralysis. We report a 60-year-old man with a history of remote head trauma, who presented with serious otitis media and right hemifacial paralysis, which resolved with nonsurgical therapeutic measures. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography showed a destructive and expansile lesion of the TB. The lesion was surgically removed, and ABC was diagnosed histologically. The patient had an uneventful recovery and demonstrated no recurrence at 1 year of follow-up. This report presents an unusual presentation of ABC in the TB, with a review of the clinical, radiological, pathological, and therapeutic features of this entity.
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By using monoclonal antibodies against cell-membrane receptors the cellular composition of an aural cholesteatoma can be determined. Langerhans' cells and T-lymphocytes predominate in the cholesteatoma matrix. The normal human tympanic membrane is devoid of these cells. Immuno-technology applied to the inner ear is illustrated by tracing gentamicin in the cochlea with a polyvalent anti-gentamicin antiserum in serial sections. In an animal model gentamicin is detectable through this method. From 3 days on, after daily i.p. injection of 100 mg gentamicin/kg body weight, the drug accumulates in the outer hair cells.
The temporal bone findings in a patient who suffered a transverse temporal bone fracture and subsequently underwent intratemporal facial nerve anastomosis are presented. The patient returned a year after surgery with otorrhea and partial return of facial function that was documented clinically, and by electromyograph 12 days before death. The temporal bone shows breakdown of the posterior external canal wall and infection of the surgical cavity. At the facial nerve anastomosis, there is a fibrosis and lack of myelination in the few regenerating nerve fibers. These results demonstrate a seldom-mentioned complication of the translabyrinthine approach, and suggest changes in the technique of facial nerve anastomosis to improve the results.
Aneurysmal bone cysts occurring within the calvarium are uncommon. The following case report describes the radiological and pathological findings of a temporal bone aneurysmal bone cyst with intra- and extracranial manifestations. The pertinent literature is reviewed.