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PubMed1994

Health-oriented telecommunication: a community resource.

Telecommunication networks that link medical information with the community can support home caregivers while providing skills training and crisis intervention to prevent unnecessary hospitalization. Health-oriented telecommunications direct the traditional focus from intervention to prevention. Consumers become empowered with knowledge allowing them to participate in their healthcare and lifestyle decisions.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telecommunication in the medical environment.

Health care providers need access to high-level telecommunication technology to give patients efficient care. With ever-increasing processor performance in both computing and networking technology, information from many sources is now available electronically. For example, transmission of computer-enhanced images from remote facilities is now routine in some centers. As processor power increases, so does the bandwidth requirement for transmission to people in remote sites. This article discusses developments in telecommunication technology, as well as the geographic obstacles that confront us, on the island continent of Australia.

Australia↗
PubMed2000

[Audiovisual telecommunication by multimedia technology in HNO medicine. ISDN--internet--ATM].

Telemedicine includes all medical activities in diagnosis, therapeutics, or social medicine undertaken by means of an electronic transfer medium, enabling the transmission of visual and acoustic information over long distances to doctors not personally present at the place of the requested consultation. Most experience with telemedicine applications has been gained in the field of diagnosis (teleconsultation, teleradiology, telepathology) and is expanding to quality control and quality assurance. Decisive for each form of application is its availability, practicability, cost, safety, and especially quality of audiovisual transmission. For telesurgical applications, particularly the use of minimally invasive techniques in otorhinolaryngology, head, and neck surgery, the high quality transmission of audiovisual data in real time is necessary. Rapid expansion and further developments in transmission technologies and networks in the last decade have created several technologies with increased quality and costs. In this paper, we tested different transmission media for audiovisual telecommunication--integrated services digital network (ISDN), Internet, and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)--using real time video transmission of typical operations in otorhinolaryngology. Their applications, costs, and future perspectives are discussed.

Germany↗
PubMed1997

Development of a computerized telecommunication system for in-training evaluation of residents in a laparoscopic educational program.

OBJECTIVE: To describe our initial experience with a computerized telecommunication system, termed the interactive voice-response system, to record resident performance of laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: After completing a laparoscopic procedure, the surgeon and resident telephone a toll-free number independently and respond to three prerecorded statements using a Likert scale of 1 to 5. The caller then is asked to describe the resident's response to critical incidents or elements of surprise that arose during the surgery. The ratings and verbal comments are compiled, transcribed, and forwarded to the respective resident. The resident (and program director) can hear the verbal comments by entering a four-digit code. RESULTS: Between May 1, 1995, and May 31, 1996, 430 cases were reported by 11 surgeons and 16 residents using the interactive voice-response system. One hundred ninety-five (45%) procedures were entered by both the resident and surgeon. A survey undertaken during the introductory phase of the project revealed that five of the seven residents exposed to the system found that it provided useful feedback and preferred the system to traditional in-service reporting methods. In addition, five residents thought that the system complemented the personal feedback they received in the operating room. CONCLUSION: The system has been accepted by both residents and surgeons and has addressed the important components of resident in-training evaluation, namely, evaluation on a case-by-case basis, timely feedback, and self-assessment of resident performance.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1989

Telecommunication discussion groups for health services and medical research.

International university and research institute telecommunication links provide free or low-cost access to several computer networks (commercial and non-commercial). Previously used by science researchers, such networks are now used in clinical and social medicine. University affiliation, a personal computer, and a modern and software are needed. A host-computer, at a local computing centre, operates server software that automatically distributes information to subscribers. The server stores all messages in a monthly logbook that can be edited to produce an electronic magazine. The magazine can also be accessed by non-subscribers. The software gives convenient, fast, single-key processing of messages and files and also allows on-line conferences. Discussion groups on several medical specialties and data bases for AIDS and other communicable diseases are already operating.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1999

Telecommunication technology for the management of large scale clinical trials: the Gissi experience.

The Coordinating Centre (CC) of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico (GISSI) used telecommunication technology to develop a computerized network system for the data management of the GISSI studies. Through a personal computer (PC), a communication program, a modem and a telephone line, the investigator in each participating centre can connect with a micro-computer at the CC, to recruit/randomize patients and download reports on the progress of the trial. In the first case, the investigator is required to answer a set of predefined questions, and thereby the system automatically checks eligibility criteria and randomly assigns the patient to a treatment arm. In the second case, once the investigator has made a choice from a list of standard reports and the relative query on CC central database, the generation, the formatting and the transfer of the selected report to the PC are executed automatically on line. The main advantages of this system are a reduction in number of mistakes in data completion and in the human and economic resources required, as well as the real time updating of participating centres. The system was successfully adopted in the GISSI-3 trial (200 Coronary Care Units and 19,394 patients enrolled), in the European arm of the CORE trial and it is currently being used in the GISSI-Prevenzione trial.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1982

Computer-aided emergency telecommunications for the deaf.

Computer-aided telecommunications provide deaf teletypewriter users with 24-hour toll-free access to emergency services. An interface and software link the deaf caller's teletypewriter (TDD) with a microprocessor by reducing and inverting voltage levels between the two devices. This system facilitates rapid transmission of linguistically controlled triage questions to meet the communication needs of deaf patients.

Communication Devices for People with Disabilities↗
PubMed1997

Protection of sensitive patient-connected medical devices from the subversive use of mobile telecommunication equipment.

The UK Department of Health has recently advised caution with respect to the uncontrolled use of private mobile telecommunication equipment in designated sensitive hospital areas. This advice, which has clear implications for patient safety and well being, was issued following reports of the interference of automatic drug delivery devices, infusion pumps and other sensitive systems. The difficulty of monitoring relatives, visitors and, occasionally, staff who use such mobile telephones in the sensitive areas has led to an initiative by The Princess Margaret Hospital to automatically and continuously monitor the frequencies used by the mobile telephones and to initiate an alarm should such phones be used within a designated area. This paper describes a protocol for the use of these monitors developed in the Princess Margaret Hospital which is designed to minimize the number of monitoring units while providing optimum departmental cover.

Artifacts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telecommunications and nursing education.

Telecommunications are becoming increasingly important to nursing educators. At the University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Nursing, communication by two-way television, computers, facsimile machines, and telephone conferences is essential to the administration and operation of a school with four divisions located across 500 miles. Two-way television is available through one system that uses satellite and fiberoptic technology and another that uses telephone lines. The four campuses of the college share classes, administrative meetings, and conferences through television. Faculty members teaching via TV are oriented to designing instructional material for transmission and to the minor quirks of the technology. Students in TV classes must be aware of their responsibility for active involvement in learning. Studies have found no significant differences in the grades of students in "live" classrooms and those in TV classrooms, but both faculty and students prefer the face-to-face situation. The College of Nursing uses computers extensively on an internal network linking the four campuses for E-mail, file transfer, computer-assisted instruction, and administrative information sharing. Another computer network, Synapse Health Resources Online, links the college and the Medical Center with health professionals in rural areas throughout the state.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Panel 2.18: logistics, information technology (IT), and telecommunications in crisis management.

This is a summary of the presentations and discussion of Panel 2.18, Logistics, Information Technology, and Telecommunications in Crisis Management of the Conference, Health Aspects of the Tsunami Disaster in Asia, convened by the World Health Organization (WHO) in Phuket, Thailand, 04-06 May 2005. The topics discussed included issues related to logistics, information technology (IT), and crisis communication pertaining to the responses to the damage created by the Tsunami. It is presented in the following major sections: (1) issues; (2) lessons learned; (3) what was done well; (4) what could have been done better; and (5) conclusions and recommendations. Each major section is presented in four sub-sections: (1) needs assessments; (2) coordination; (3) filling the gaps; and (4) capacity building.

Disasters↗
PubMed2000

The coming of age of telecommunications in psychological research and practice.

Rapid and far-reaching technological advances are revolutionizing the ways in which people relate, communicate, and live their daily lives. Technologies that were hardly used a few years ago, such as the Internet, e-mail, and video teleconferencing, are becoming familiar methods for modern communication. Telecommunications will continue to evolve quickly, spawning telehealth applications for research and the provision of clinical care in communities, university settings, clinics, and medical facilities. The impact on psychology will be significant. This article examines the application of developing technologies as they relate to psychology and discusses implications for professional research and practice.

Forecasting↗
PubMed2002

[Necessary prerequisites for the function of an oncological competence center. Information technology, documentation of findings and telecommunication].

INTRODUCTION: The organisation of an interdisciplinary cancer center, especially the establishment of a daily tumorboard requires adequate hardware and intelligent software, which is not available in most hospitals and described here with concepts, realisation and first clinical results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on a TCP/IP network and several inhomogeneous department subsystems we developed an intranet-based oncological documentation- and conference software (oncofile), which can be easily operated and administered in a web browser. Common digital media can be imported and the concept allows for paperless organisation of the daily tumor board. The expert decisions are documented online during tumor board runtime together with selected clinical images and the consensus of the decisionmakers. Local therapeutic guidelines as well as trial information can be accessed over the intranet, and interfaces for internet- and telecommunication are used for second opinion and integration of external expertise. RESULTS: Between 10/99 and 2/2002 3298 presentations of 2438 cases were made in the daily tumor board. 74% of the patients had a curative oncological treatment concept, and 24% of the patients received neoadjuvant treatment. 49% of the patients were scheduled for primary resection. Six patients can be effectively handled in a 30 minute tumorboard. CONCLUSION: The establishment of a daily tumorboard is possible by help of intranet-technology, a central database with web clients and moderate hardware investments. The composition of the patient cohort as well as all decisions ever made to a particular patient are transparent at all times. Prospective quality control studies are under way.

Cancer Care Facilities↗
PubMed1995

A perspective on early commercial applications of voice-processing technology for telecommunications and aids for the handicapped.

The Colloquium on Human-Machine Communication by Voice highlighted the global technical community's focus on the problems and promise of voice-processing technology, particularly, speech recognition and speech synthesis. Clearly, there are many areas in both the research and development of these technologies that can be advanced significantly. However, it is also true that there are many applications of these technologies that are capable of commercialization now. Early successful commercialization of new technology is vital to ensure continuing interest in its development. This paper addresses efforts to commercialize speech technologies in two markets: telecommunications and aids for the handicapped.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

The injury profile of a large telecommunication company: a statistical summary.

Overexertion injuries have been a major concern to occupational safety and health professionals for quite some time. Over the years, these injuries have continued to increase despite ergonomic interventions to control their frequency of occurrence. It has been speculated that this increase may be due primarily to enhanced awareness and better record-keeping. Many occupational safety and health professionals also presume that overexertion injuries and occupational illnesses are confined to heavy manufacturing industries. This paper reports occupational injury and illness data from a large telecommunication industry, collected over a 7-year period. Three observations were made from the statistical summary: (1) better record keeping may be a reason behind the reported increase in injuries; workday losses decline as a result of improved ergonomic and occupational health interventions; (2) serious injuries are not just limited to heavy manufacturing industries; and (3) reduction in workday losses may not translate in injury cost savings.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A program for control of repetitive trauma disorders associated with hand tool operations in a telecommunications manufacturing facility.

This paper summarizes efforts to control the incidence and severity of repetitive trauma disorders associated with hand tool operations in a telecommunications manufacturing facility with 6,600 employees. Repetitive trauma disorders--including strains, tendinitis, ganglions and carpal tunnel syndrome--were the leading cause of lost time and workers' compensation expenses at this plant in 1979. The plant-wide incidence rate of OSHA reportable repetitive trauma disorders was 2.2 cases per 200,000 workhours and resulted in 1,001 lost workdays. Incidence rates as high as 4.6 were reported in some areas, but were believed to be much higher among persons who actually perform repetitive work in these areas. In the spring of 1981, the plant safety and health committee undertook a control program that included creation of a task force, a training program, improvements in the design of workstations and tooling, and management of restricted workers. During 1982, the incidence rate of repetitive motion disorders has decreased to .53 cases per 200,000 workhours and resulted in only 129 lost workdays.

Equipment Safety↗
PubMed2003

A follow-up study on the association of working conditions and lifestyles with the development of (perceived) mental symptoms in workers of a telecommunication enterprise.

AIM: This study investigated the association of working conditions and lifestyle with mental health in Japanese workers. METHODS: A follow-up study was carried out in the Kanto district of Japan of workers in a telecommunications enterprise who received their first annual health check-up between 1992 and 1996 and were between 20 and 54 years old. Workers who reported mental symptoms, had a past history of disease, or current illness at their first check-up were excluded from the analysis. In total, the study included 23 837 workers. The association between working conditions and lifestyle and the development of mental symptoms was investigated by pooled logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Working long hours and part-time work, as opposed to normal daytime hours of work, were factors associated with the development of mental symptoms in males, as were smoking, short sleeping hours, little physical exercise, rarely taking three meals a day, frequently eating within 1 h before sleep, much preference for salty meals and little preference for vegetables. Consumption of alcohol was negatively associated with the development of mental symptoms in males. Overall, the results suggested that the lower the Healthy Work and Lifestyle Score, the higher the risk of developing mental symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Working conditions and lifestyle, especially food preferences, have an apparent influence on the mental health of Japanese workers. Moreover, the Healthy Work and Lifestyle Score indicates that working conditions and lifestyle appear to have a cumulative influence upon the mental health of Japanese workers.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A longitudinal study of the influence of shift work on serum uric acid levels in workers at a telecommunications company.

BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia is a lifestyle-related disease. Although there have been many previous reports about the association of serum uric acid (UA) levels with lifestyle, including eating habits and alcohol intake, there has been no report of a longitudinal study of the relationship between serum UA levels and shift work. AIMS: To clarify the influence of shift work on serum UA levels in Japanese workers. METHODS: This was a 4-year cohort study of 15 871 workers at a telecommunications company. Pooled logistic regression analyses by sex were performed, with job schedule type, age, body mass index (BMI), lifestyle and the results of blood chemistries as covariates. RESULTS: In males, shift work, part-time work, BMI, consumption of alcohol (less than twice per week, two to five times per week or more than five times per week) and little preference for vegetables were positively associated with the development of increased serum UA (>or=8 mg/dl in males, >or=6 mg/dl in females). In females, age, BMI and a history of smoking were positively associated with the development of increased serum UA. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that shift work is independently related to increased serum UA in males.

Adult↗