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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

An integrated system for patient assessment and classification and nurse staff allocation for long term care facilities.

An integrated approach to patient classification and nurse staffing for long term care facilities is constructed, based on the quantification of patient care needs as reflected by formal assessment of a variety of key functioning status items, behavioral status indicators, and medically defined conditions. Nonlinear multiple regression techniques are employed in order to cluster these key assessment indicators in to an easily applied level of care classification method that can be used to determine placement of patients within the long term care system and to indicate the particular nursing care activities called for. Given the classification of patients into the various levels of care required (e.g., Chronic, Skilled Nursing Care, Intermediate A or B) a mixed integer/linear programming model is used to permit presentation of alternative nurse staffing strategies within a long term care facility or program. Extensions to the model portray the effects of changing budgetary, service, and legal restrictions.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

An integrated system for quantitation of chemotaxis using a 48-well millipore filter assay.

We have established a computerized system for quantification of human neutrophil motility using a 48-well chemotaxis assay. The software is primarily written in the Unix C-shell and is designed to integrate with standard statistical and graphics packages and permit analysis either under Unix or MS-DOS. We demonstrate how simple image analysis techniques may be used to count neutrophils that have traversed a polycarbonate filter. Methods of optical optimization, cell counting and integration with the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) are presented.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1993

A new integrated system for three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction: development and validation for ventricular volume with application in human subjects.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to improve three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction by developing an automated mechanism for integrating spark gap locating data with corresponding images in real time and to validate use of this mechanism for the measurement of left ventricular volume. BACKGROUND: Initial approaches to three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction were often limited by inefficient reconstructive processes requiring manual coordination of two-dimensional images and corresponding spatial locating data. METHODS: In this system, a single computer overlays the binary-encoded positional data on the two-dimensional echocardiographic image, which is then recorded on videotape. The same system allows images to be digitized, traced, analyzed and displayed in three dimensions. This system was validated by using it to reconstruct 11 ventricular phantoms (19 to 271 ml) and 11 gel-filled excised ventricles (21 to 236 ml) imaged in intersecting long- and short-axis views and by apical rotation. To measure cavity volume, a surface was generated by an algorithm that takes advantage of the full three-dimensional data set. RESULTS: Reconstructed cavity volumes agreed well with actual values: y = 0.96x + 2.2 for the ventricular phantoms in long- and short-axis views (r = 0.99, SEE = 2.7 ml); y = 0.95x + 2.9 for the phantoms, reconstructed by apical rotation (r = 0.99, SEE = 2.7 ml); and y = 0.99x + 0.11 ml for the excised ventricles (reconstructed in long- and short-axis views; r = 0.99, SEE = 5.9 ml). The mean difference between three-dimensional and actual volumes was 3% of the mean (3.0 ml) for the phantoms and 6% (4.6 ml) for the excised ventricles. Observer variability was 2.3% for the phantoms and 5.6% for the excised ventricles. Application to 14 normal subjects demonstrated feasibility of left ventricular reconstruction, which provided values for stroke volume that agreed well with an independent Doppler measure (y = 0.97x + 0.94; r = 0.95, SEE = 3.2 ml), with an observer variability of 4.9% (2.4 ml). CONCLUSIONS: A system has therefore been developed that automatically integrates locating and imaging data in no more time than the component two-dimensional echocardiographic scans. This system can accurately reconstruct ventricular volumes in vitro over a wide range and is feasible in vivo, thus laying the foundation for further applications. It has increased the efficiency of three-dimensional reconstruction and enhanced our ability to address clinical and research questions with this technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Health system integration: a means to an end.

The creation of integrated firms and contractual networks in health care often is a precondition for other forms of integration that could actually lower costs and improve quality of care. Although different types of integration activities are leading to innovations in the production of services and the care of populations, the continued influence of the "old" indemnity insurance/fee-for-service system creates important obstacles to those integration activities. If creation of integrated firms and contractual networks races ahead of other forms of integration, it could produce uncompetitive markets that reduce pressures to integrate in ways that can cut costs and improve quality of care. Purchasers' actions could play a major role in determining the future of various integration activities.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1994

Computerized tracking of mammography patients: value of a radiology information system integrated with a personal-computer data base.

OBJECTIVE. We investigated the advantages of using a radiology information system as the primary data source for a mammographic patient-tracking system that is based on a personal-computer local-area network and that requires almost no data entry. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE. Our mammographic data base is maintained on a file server that provides cross-platform access to both Macintosh and IBM-compatible personal computers. Locally developed software automatically transfers mammographic data from our radiology information system to the file server's mammographic data base. The data transferred include patients' demographics (e.g., hospital identification number, address, referring physician) and the complete mammographic report. With the use of specific terminology, the need for follow-up can be automatically gleaned from the mammographic report and coded within the data base. Graphically oriented, commercially available software provides easy access to this information from any personal computer on our department's network. The software provides considerable flexibility for searching and manipulating the data without the need for customized data-base programming. Redundant data entry and associated errors are drastically reduced, as are personnel requirements for maintaining the system. Relative to most commercial radiology information systems, a personal computer facilitates the steps involved in tracking patients and obtaining highly customized analyses of the mammographic data base. The data in the mammographic data base exactly match those in the hospital's registration data and are easily transferred to other personal-computer programs for ancillary processing. CONCLUSION. This technique is ideal for departments that use a general-purpose radiology information system for mammographic reporting, yet need a more powerful but user-friendly and low-cost method for tracking their mammography patients.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Crew systems: integrating human and technical subsystems for the exploration of space.

Space exploration missions will require combining human and technical subsystems into overall "crew systems" capable of performing under the rigorous conditions of outer space. This report describes substantive and conceptual relationships among humans, intelligent machines, and communication systems, and explores how these components may be combined to complement and strengthen one another. We identify key research issues in the combination of humans and technology and examine the role of individual differences, group processes, and environmental conditions. We conclude that a crew system is, in effect, a social cyborg, a living system consisting of multiple individuals whose capabilities are extended by advanced technology.

Cybernetics↗
PubMed1978

Evolution of the solenoid-actuated left ventricular assist system: integration with a pusher-plate pump for intra-abdominal implantation in the calf.

The performance of an implantable left ventricular assist system (LVAS) utilizing a pulsed solenoid energy converter and a pusher-plate blood pump has been characterized in vitro and in vivo. A microprocessor-based electronic control system makes the LVAS completely self-regulating over the range of operating conditions and provides considerable flexibility in various assist modalities. Over forty thousand hours of in vitro and in vivo operating experience has been accumulated with current systems, and significant progress has been acheived in system durability and reliability. A new toggle latch has provided nearly a year of failure-free operation on the bench, without measurable wear. Energy converter efficiencies of 50% have been demonstrated. In vivo evaluation has been highlighted by an animal experiment still in progress after nearly four months of fault-free, continuous synchronous pumping.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

An integrated system for computerized patient records.

A community mental health--mental retardation center developed a computerized problem-oriented record system specifically for use in a full-service community mental health center. It is based on an integrated set of clinical forms that covers all levels of a client's involvement with the center, beginning with his contact as a prospective client and including intake, treatment planning, treatment, and discharge. Most of the forms are computer-generated. Special features of the system include its capability to prompt the clinician about scheduled treatment sessions, follow-ups, and other activities and a scale that rates the client's level of functioning and is keyed to a specially developed master problem list. The authors describe each of the clinical forms used in the system.

Community Mental Health Centers↗
PubMed1996

[The systemic integration of human functions: new approaches to the diagnosis and correction of stressor states].

The paper provides evidence for a new principle of the systemic organization of human functions. Instead of the concepts of man as a set of organs which are bound up with nervous and humoral regulation, the author considers on the basis of the functional systems theory the human body as a total combination of various interacting systems of different levels of organizations, each yields body's useful adaptive responses on the principles of multiparametric and successive interactions with other functional systems. The paper reveals the principles of interaction of functional systems in the whole organism. Problems in the evaluation of human physiological functions in the place of work, systemic principles of detection of stress states and their rehabilitation are considered in the context of functional systems.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Organization of integrated systems of conditioned reflexes in dogs with a damaged temporal cortex].

By means of the classical alimentary secretory method, a study was made of the characteristics of formation and preservation of complex systems of conditioned reflexes in dogs with a preliminarily lesioned cortex of the auditory analyser. It has been shown that a rhythmic-mozaic stereotype of conditioned reflexes to acoustic signals can be elaborated in the operated dogs, although conditioned activity is on a very low functional level. However, integration of two complex stereotypes into one single system is not achieved. The formation of a new stereotype in the operated dogs, in contrast to the intact animals, is not accompanied by an enhanced functional state (tone) of the brain, which points to an insufficiency of the self-regulating mechanisms of the cerebral cortex. It is suggested that special activating mechanisms which participate in controlling the functional state of the auditory system, are present in the cortical structures of the auditory analyser.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Transposon Tn21 encodes a RecA-independent site-specific integration system.

The IncW plasmid R388 and the DNA region of Tn21 containing the Smr and the Sur genes are capable of RecA-independent recombination. This recombination occurs at a relatively high frequency (up to 10(-4) recombinants per recipient molecule) and results in integration of the two plasmids. No detectable repeats are formed in the process. The crossover points have been confined to a 0.4-kb homologous segment in both plasmids which contains a 59-bp DNA sequence presumably involved in the acquisition of new genes by Tn21 and its relatives (Cameron et al. 1986). It is likely that the recombination occurs precisely at this point. At least one trans-acting function (an integrase) is required for the site-specific recombination. It has been localized to a 1456-bp BstEII-BamHI fragment of Tn21 and can efficiently complement the integration of plasmids containing the integration site.

DNA Transposable Elements↗