Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Sugar Acids”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The chemical structure of neutral and acidic sugar chains obtained from bovine colostrum kappa-casein.

One neutral oligosaccharide alditol (tetrasacchariditol, 10%) and three acidic oligosaccharide alditols (a tri (28%), tetra (17%) and a pentasacchariditol (44%) were isolated from, colostrum kappa-casein taken 6 h after parturition. The neutral tetrasacchariditol and the acidic pentasacchariditol only contained a characteristic N-acetylglucosamine, and the latter was the main carbohydrate portion. The chemical structures were analyzed by methylation analysis with gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and by anomer analysis with 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, and were identified to be galactosyl-beta-1-3-[galactosyl-beta-1-4-N-acetylglucosaminyl-beta-1-6-]-N-acetylgalactosaminitol, N-acetylneuraminyl-alpha-2-3-galactosyl-beta-1-3-[galactosyl-beta-1-4-N-acetylglucosaminyl-beta-1-6-]-N-acetylgalactosaminitol, N-acetylneuraminyl-alpha-2-6-N-acetylgalactosaminitol. The former two were the novel carbohydrate chains of colostrum kappa-casein, but the latter two were identical with those which have been found in normal kappa-casein.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Regulatory networks in seeds integrating developmental, abscisic acid, sugar, and light signaling.

Progression through embryogenesis and the transition to germination is subject to regulation by many transcription factors, including those encoded by the Arabidopsis LEC1 (LEAFY COTYLEDON1), FUS3 (FUSCA3), and abscisic acid-insensitive (ABI) ABI3, ABI4, and ABI5 loci. To determine whether the ABI4, ABI5, LEC1, and FUS3 loci interact or act independently, we analyzed abi fus3 and abi lec1 double mutants. Our results show that both ABI4 and ABI5 interact genetically with both LEC1 and FUS3 in controlling pigment accumulation, suppression of vivipary, germination sensitivity to abscisic acid, gene expression during mid- and late embryogenesis, sugar metabolism, sensitivity to sugar, and etiolated growth. However, the relative strengths of the observed interactions vary among responses and may even be antagonistic. Furthermore, the interactions reveal cryptic effects of individual loci that are not detectable by analyses of single mutants. Despite these strong genetic interactions, but consistent with the disparities in peak expression of these loci, none of the ABI transcription factors appear to interact directly with either FUS3 or LEC1 in a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) two-hybrid assay system.

Abscisic Acid↗
PubMed1990

4-O-(1-carboxyethyl)-L-rhamnose, a second unique acidic sugar found in an extracellular polysaccharide from Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain 49.

Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain 49 excretes a polysaccharide that contains D-glucose, D-galactose, 4-O-(1-carboxyethyl)-D-galactose, and an acidic component of previously unknown structure. We report here the identity of the unknown as 4-O-(1-carboxyethyl)-L-rhamnose. The structure of this previously unknown compound was deduced from (1) comprehensive electron-impact and chemical-ionization mass-spectroscopic studies of differentially labelled derivatives prepared from the unknown, (2) 13C-n.m.r. and 1H-n.m.r. studies of purified neutral sugars derived from the unknown and (3) chemical degradation experiments.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed2003

Changes in sugars, acids, and volatiles during ripening of koubo [Cereus peruvianus (L.) Miller] fruits.

The columnar cactus Cereus peruvianus (L.) Miller, Cactaceae (koubo), is grown commercially in Israel. The unripe fruits are green, and the color changes to violet and then to red when the fruit is fully ripe. The content of soluble sugars was found to increase 5-fold during ripening. Glucose and fructose were the main sugars accumulated in the fruit pulp, and each increased from 0.5 to 5.5 g/100 g fresh weight during ripening. The polysaccharides content decreased during ripening from 1.4 to 0.4 g/100 g fresh weight. The titratable acidity decreased and the pH increased during ripening. The major organic acid found in the fruit was malic acid, which decreased from 0.75 g/100 g fresh weight at the mature green stage to 0.355 g/100 g fresh weight in ripe fruits. Citric, succinic, and oxalic acids were found in concentrations lower than 0.07 g/100 g fresh weight. Prominent accumulation of aroma volatiles occurred toward the end of the ripening process. The main volatile found in the ripe fruit was linalool, reaching concentrations of 1.5-3.5 microg/g fresh weight.

Acids↗
PubMed2002

Arabidopsis mutants deficient in diacylglycerol acyltransferase display increased sensitivity to abscisic acid, sugars, and osmotic stress during germination and seedling development.

Arabidopsis seeds store triacylglycerol (TAG) as the major carbon reserve, which is used to support postgerminative seedling growth. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the final step in TAG synthesis, and two isoforms of DGAT have previously been identified in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that DGAT1 plays an important role in seed development because Arabidopsis with mutations at the TAG1 locus accumulate less seed oil. There is also evidence showing that DGAT1 is active after seed germination. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of mutations of DGAT1 on postembryonic development in Arabidopsis. We carried out detailed analyses of two tag1 mutants in different ecotypic backgrounds of Arabidopsis. Results show that during germination and seedling growth, seed storage TAG degradation was not affected in the tag1 mutants. However, sugar content of the mutant seedlings is altered, and activities of the hexokinases are significantly increased in the tag1 mutant seedlings. The tag1 mutants are also more sensitive to abscisic acid, glucose, and osmotic strength of the medium in germination and seedling growth.

Abscisic Acid↗