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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Incapacitating spinal curvature in a skeleton discovery from the Middle Ages (7th/8th to the beginning of the 9th century). A case of probable spondylitis tuberculosa].

A case is presented of disability due to spondylitis of probable tuberculous etiology found in a skeleton from the early Middle Ages in Switzerland. It is suggested that the young woman had not been rejected from her family community or kinship because of her invalidity, as is thought to have often been the rule at that time.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cotrel-Dubousset (CD) instrumentation for the correction of spinal curvature. First results in special consideration of derotation.

At the University of Innsbruck, Department of Orthopedics, 30 scoliosis patients were operated on using the surgical method according to Cotrel-Dubousset in the period of May 1986-December 1987. For the correction of the curvature this instrumentation uses both distractive as well as transverse forces and attains such an unusual primary stability that postoperative immobilization by brace becomes unnecessary. In addition, it permits the three-dimensional correction of scoliosis curvatures. With an average preoperative measurement of 65.4 degrees and a postoperatively measured angle of 23.8 degrees the correction achieved is 64%. Rotation of the scoliosis was reduced by 39%. Our experiences with the application of the described method of operation and the pertinent complications are described below.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Are pulmonary factors responsible for the direction of the spinal curvature in idiopathic scoliosis?

In idiopathic scoliosis the convexity of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column is most commonly directed toward the right side. The right lung is normally larger than the left lung. This asymmetry acting through chest wall movement is hypothesized to exert rotatory forces on the vertebral column. The result, in persons predisposed to scoliosis by genetic and other factors, is a rightward convexity of the thoracic spine.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Thoracic and lumbar spinal curvatures in Nigerian adults.

The thoracic and lumbar curvatures of 105 Nigerian adults have been measured with a flexible rule (flexicurve). The lumbar curvature is relatively greater in women. Compared with a previous survey of Europeans, the curvatures in both men and women appear to be about 20 per cent greater in Nigerians. This is likely to be a genetic difference but the Nigerian practice of carrying heavy loads on the head may be a contributory factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Erector spinae lever arm length variations with changes in spinal curvature.

Magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the effect of different curvatures in the lumbar spine on lever arm lengths of the erector spinae musculature. Eleven subjects were instructed to simulate static lifts while lying supine in a magnetic resonance camera with the lumbar spine either in kyphosis or lordosis. A sagittal image of the spine was obtained to analyze the lumbosacral angle and to guide the imaging of transverse sections through each disc (L1/L2 to L5/S1). Images were analyzed for lever arm lengths of the erector spinae muscle (ES) and the erector spinae aponeurosis (ESA), the latter functioning as a tendon for superiorly positioned ES muscle portions. The lumbosacral angle (between superior surfaces of S1 and L4) averaged 44 degrees in the lordosed, 26 degrees in the kyphosed and 41 degrees in a neutral supine position. In lordosis, the lever arm lengths were significantly longer than in kyphosis for all levels, averaging 60-63 mm (ES) and 82-86 mm (ESA). The corresponding values for kyphosis were 49-57 mm (ES) and 67-77 mm (ESA), respectively. Thus, there was a considerable effect (10-24%) of lumbar curvature on lever arm lengths for the back extensor muscles. The change in leverage will affect the need for extensor muscle force and thus the magnitude of compression in the lumbar spine in loading situations such as lifting.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The relationship between bone mineral density, vertebral body shape and spinal curvature in the elderly thoracolumbar spine: an in vitro study.

Vertebral body geometry, defined by the anterior/posterior (A/P) and mid/posterior (M/P) vertebral body height ratios, was measured in 18 vertebral columns (T1-L5) from sagittal computed tomography scans. For each vertebra, the trabecular density (VTD) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), respectively. Lateral view radiographs were digitized to measure the thoracic curvature. The segmental correlations between vertebral shape and bone density were poor (r = 0.01-0.31). The mean thoracic BMD and VTD and the mean lumbar VTD were significantly correlated with the mean thoracic A/P ratio (r = 0.55-0.69). The thoracic curvature was significantly correlated with both the mean thoracic and the mean lumbar VTD and BMD (r = 0.55-0.73). In summary, the extent of vertebral wedging and thoracic curvature was moderately indicative of the mean BMD of the thoracic vertebrae, and lumbar spine densitometry is useful to assess the relative severity of osteopenia in individuals with thoracic vertebral deformities.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1989

[Structure of antero-posterior spinal curvatures in manual workers in relation to their occupations].

The authors examined spondylometrically 1572 (648 men and 924 women) labourers of the FAEL factory in Zabkowice Slaskie. Sixteen spondylometric features were taken into account. The results were analysed by generally adopted statistical methods. Calculations were made for men and women separately. The subjects were divided into those performing their work in sitting and standing positions. Furthermore, the workplace of each worker was examined. The studies demonstrated a considerable correlation between the antero-posterior curvatures of the spine and specific workplaces.

Adult↗