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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Spinal cord compression in metastatic cervical cancer.

Spinal cord compression secondary to metastatic cervical cancer may not be considered as a possible cause of neurologic symptoms by primary care physicians who do not often treat these patients. Delays in diagnosis and treatment may result in irreversible but potentially preventable neurologic changes. This report describes 5 cases of spinal cord compression in patients with metastatic cervical carcinoma, 2 of whom were previously undiagnosed with cervical cancer. These 2 patients represent 1.6% (2 of 121) of all new cervical cancer cases diagnosed during this time period. Two of 5 patients (40%) with spinal cord compression showed improvement following therapy by regaining the ability to walk, while none of the remaining patients had further acute deterioration of neurologic function. The mean survival of patients presenting with spinal cord compression from cervical cancer in this series was 4 months (maximum 6 months). This series illustrates the relative frequency with which spinal cord compression is seen in patients with a new diagnosis of invasive cancer. This diagnosis should be considered when evaluating neurologic complaints in known cervical cancer patients or any woman with apparent pelvic pathology. Rapid diagnosis and treatment of these lesions, while not likely to improve overall survival significantly, can improve function and alleviate symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of experimental spinal cord compression caused by extradural neoplasms.

Epidural spinal cord compression was produced in rats by injection of Walker 256 carcinoma cell suspension anterior to the T-12 or T-13 vertebral body. The tumor grows through the intervertebral foramina to compress the spinal cord and produce paraplegia in 3 to 4 weeks. The effect of several treatments upon clinical signs was assessed. Dexamethasone caused a significant but transient improvement in neurological function. Radiation therapy likewise improved neurological function, and was more effective when given by a high-dose protracted course than when given either in a single dose or a low-dose protracted course. Laminectomy was not helpful in relieving neurological symptoms. Dimethyl sulfoxide did not relieve neurological symptoms. Cyclophosphamide was most effective in relieving neurological symptoms, and most of the animals that were treated with that drug when they were severely weak but still able to move their hind limbs recovered fully. Some animals that were totally paraplegic when treatment began recovered function after radiation therapy or cyclophosphamide treatment, but recovery was better if treatment was started when animals could still move their hind limbs. This animal model appears to be a useful way of studying the treatment of human spinal cord compression produced by epidural neoplasms.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Spinal cord compression caused by spinal aneurysmal bone cyst (author's transl)].

Spinal aneurysmal bone cyst is sufficiently rare for the authors to report this case with rapid evolution and development of paraplegia. Total removal was achieved, and clinical recovery remained complete six months after operation. The pathogenic, clinical, radiological, histological and therapeutic aspects are briefly reviewed and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Surgical treatment of spinal cord compression in patients with lung cancer.

We analyzed the clinical features, radiological findings, and results of surgical treatment in a series of 25 patients with lung cancer and invasion of the spine. In 12 of the 25 (40%) patients, involvement of the spine was present at the time of initial presentation of malignancy. Computed tomography revealed the presence of a large paravertebral soft tissue mass with destruction of adjacent ribs in the majority. The surgical approach consisted of an anterolateral exposure through a formal thoracotomy in 22 patients and a thoracoabdominal flank approach in the 3 patients with lumbar lesions. All gross tumor was resected from the involved paravertebral tissues, vertebral body, and epidural space. Immediate stabilization of the spine was then achieved with methyl methacrylate. Local brachytherapy (iridium-192 implants) was used in 19 patients. After treatment, 87% were ambulatory, and 67% maintained ambulation for more than 6 months. Our data suggest that compression of the spinal cord in many patients with lung cancer results from direct extension of tumor through the chest wall. Because the majority of such patients often have localized disease involving the spine, aggressive surgical treatment is indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal cord compression in lymphoma.

A retrospective analysis of 59 patients with diffuse histiocytic and diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma was performed to determine the incidence and characteristic features of patients developing spinal cord compression. Spinal cord compression occurred in 6 of 59 (10.2%) patients. All were females despite a 1:1 male: female ratio in the entire group. The mean age of females with spinal cord compression was significantly lower than the mean age of females with lymphoma without this complication. These findings suggest that young females with diffuse histiocytic or diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma represent a subgroup at high risk for spinal cord compression.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of spinal cord compression: a retrospective analysis.

Epidural spinal cord compression from metastatic disease is a common neurological complication of cancer. The incidence is probably increasing owing to continual advancements in the treatment of cancer that have led to prolongation of life and a greater probability of secondary involvement of the spinal cord. A problem often encountered by the oncologist treating patients with epidural spinal cord compression is the recurrence of compression by metastatic tumor both in and out of the original treatment field. Radiotherapists are often presented with the difficult task of trying to determine the optimal dose/time fractionation with the hope of improving the therapeutic ratio. We have examined the charts of 80 patients treated at the Rhode Island Hospital during the last five years (1975-1980) with myelographic evidence of cord compression in order to determine 1) the recurrence rate of cord compression by metastatic tumor after radiotherapy treatment both in and out of the original treatment field; 2) the influence of various dose/fractionation schedules on the disease-free interval; 3) the percentage of recurrence out of the treatment field that might represent "skipped lesions" at the original time of diagnosis. Our results show 1) that 9 patients (11.3%) experienced recurrence within the original treatment field; 2) that 21 (26.3%) experienced recurrence within the spinal canal, but out of the original treatment field; 3) that 9 of the 21 (42%) cases of recurrence out of the original treatment field occurred within 1 week and thus were determined to be "skipped lesions" at the time of diagnosis; and 4) that there appears to be a dose-response relationship for those patients treated successfully without recurrences who did not have presenting symptoms of complete paraplegia.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1997

Spinal cord compression due to epidural extramedullary haematopoiesis in thalassaemia: MRI.

Spinal epidural extramedullary haematopoiesis is very rare in thalassaemia. A 27-year-old man with thalassaemia intermedia presented with symptoms and signs of spinal cord compression. MRI showed a thoracic spinal epidural mass, representing extramedullary haematopoietic tissue, compressing the spinal cord. Following radiotherapy, serial MRI revealed regression of the epidural mass and gradual resolution of spinal cord oedema.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Intracanalicular osteochondroma producing spinal cord compression in hereditary multiple exostoses.

Spinal cord compression is an unusual but potentially catastrophic manifestation of hereditary multiple exostoses (HMEs). Isolated, osteochondromas are usually of little significance. However, if they are located near neurologic structures, they may cause irritation due to mechanical compression. In patients with HMEs who present with neck or back pain, and particularly in those who have neurologic symptoms in the upper or lower extremities, a diagnosis of intracanalicular osteochondroma should be presumed until proven otherwise. Prompt diagnosis and surgical excision affords the best prognosis for these patients who have spinal cord compression secondary to intracanalicular osteochondroma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Arachnoid calcification producing spinal cord compression.

A case of spinal cord compression, presumed to be due to a calcification in the arachnoid, is presented. Its relationship to a previous spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage is mentioned. The literature is reviewed and the relationship of this condition to spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage, previous myelogram, and spinal anaesthetic is stressed.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Spinal cord compression.

Back pain and suspected spinal cord compression remains one of the most frequent reasons for neurologic consultation in cancer patients. While treatment generally results in stabilization or improvement, early diagnosis remains the cornerstone of improving neurologic outcome. This article reviews the clinical features, differential diagnosis, and management of neoplastic epidural spinal cord compression.

Decompression, Surgical↗
PubMed1995

Extradural tumor causing spinal cord compression in Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Myelopathy in Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome is uncommon but has been reported secondary to spinal vascular malformations. REPORT: A patient with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome who presented with spinal cord compression from a spinal extradural mass lesion (angiomyolipoma) is described. DISCUSSION: This association has not been reported previously but is consistent with the segmental vascular abnormalities observed in Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Special problems in the older cancer patient: spinal cord compression and pleural effusions.

Spinal cord compression due to epidural metastases, and malignant pleural effusions are devastating complications of advanced cancer that can destroy the quality of a life that is already limited in quantity. Neither need do so. A diagnostic algorithm has been developed for each of these complications. Early diagnosis of cord compression can be accomplished by prompt myelography or magnetic resonance imaging of the affected area of the spine. A malignant pleural effusion, even one that initially appears cytologically negative, can be promptly diagnosed. Radiation and steroids are optimal therapy for most patients with cord compression, and few require surgery. Intrapleural bleomycin appears to be the most effective agent for pleurodesis.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Solitary osteochondroma with spinal cord compression.

Osteochondromas are unusual in the spine, and they are very rarely present with compression of the spinal cord. Two cases are reported with delineation of the tumor by metrizamide myelography and computed tomography.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Comparison of spinal cord evoked potentials and peripheral nerve evoked potentials by electric stimulation of the spinal cord under acute spinal cord compression in cats.

STUDY DESIGN: Spinal cord evoked potentials and peripheral nerve evoked potentials after spinal cord stimulation were recorded under acute spinal cord compression in 19 cats. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of acute compression upon grey matter and white matter by comparing both potentials. METHODS: We compared peripheral nerve evoked potentials, recorded at the biceps brachii branch of the musculocutaneous nerve, with descending spinal cord evoked potentials, recorded from the lumbar spinal cord, by stimulation to the C2 level, under compression of the C6 segment. RESULTS: The amplitude of both potentials decreased with increased compression. The second wave of peripheral nerve evoked potentials, which are motor fibre action potentials, decreased sooner than those of the spinal cord evoked potentials. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that peripheral nerve evoked potentials are sensitive to acute damage of the segmented compression. This suggests that grey matter is more vulnerable to compression than white matter.

Animals↗