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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Forensic sexology: paraphilic serial rape (biastophilia) and lust murder (erotophonophilia).

Forensic sexology is not synonymous with either forensic psychiatry or forensic psychology. It is a specialty in its own right, and is needed in the courtroom. Paraphilic sex offenders on trial are misrepresented as being, by their own choice, psychopathic or sociopathic deviates. They are unable to explain their paraphilic criminality to either themselves or society. In a case of serial rape and serial lust murder here presented, the contributory causes are examined and differentiated as hereditary predisposition, hormonal functioning; pathological relationships, sexual abuse; and syndrome overlap with bipolar disorder, schizoid disorder, antisocial personality disorder, epilepsy, and multiple personality. The precipitating causes were differentiated as childhood head injuries, and adult head injury at age 20. Left impact trauma and sexological trauma were sequelae of the adult injury. The full range of diagnostic resources was not available for a prisoner on death row. Capital punishment has not prevented the reemergence in each new generation of serial rape and serial lust murder as an epidemiological, public health problem. Punishment is an ineffectual substitute for epidemiological research into cause, effect, and prevention.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed2002

Identification of a novel breast- and salivary gland-specific, mucin-like gene strongly expressed in normal and tumor human mammary epithelium.

Expression profiling using the public expressed sequence tag (EST) and serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) databases resulted in the identification of a putative breast-specific mRNA that we have termed small breast epithelial mucin (SBEM). Hybridization analysis performed on 43 normal human tissues revealed that the SBEM gene was only expressed in mammary and salivary glands. Further reverse-transcription PCR analyses confirmed SBEM expression in most of established human breast epithelial cell lines analyzed (7 of 8) but not in cell lines of non-breast origin (0 of 6). SBEM mRNA expression was detected in >90% of invasive ductal carcinomas and correlated with the expression of a previously characterized breast-specific gene, mammaglobin-1 (n = 54; Spearman r = 0.34, P = 0.011). Interestingly, a higher SBEM:mammaglobin-1 ratio was observed in primary tumors with axillary lymph node metastasis than in node-negative tumors (n = 46; Mann-Whitney, P = 0.04). In a subset of 20 primary breast tumors and their matched axillary lymph nodes, a high concordance (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.001) was seen between PCR detection of SBEM mRNA in lymph node tissue and their histopathological status, indicating that SBEM mRNA expression is conserved in nodal metastasis. The SBEM gene is predicted to code for a putative low molecular weight, secreted sialoglycoprotein, potentially useful for the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1996

Orthodontic care in Sweden. Outcome in three counties.

The purpose of this series of studies was to evaluate the outcome of orthodontic care in Sweden from the professional's and the patient's perspective. In addition, a model was devised for the priority-planning of orthodontic care and for evaluating the different factors influencing the decision for orthodontic treatment. The results may be summarized as follows: Treatment Decision. Treatment desire, followed by treatment need and treatment benefit were the most important factors to consider when deciding whether or not treatment should be carried out. Regardless of the differences in resources and the structure of the free public care, a substantial proportion of the untreated 19-year-olds had malocclusions with treatment need, but they had no desire for treatment. Most of the 27-year-old individuals were satisfied with their earlier treatment decision, regardless of whether they had undergone orthodontic treatment. Dental professionals were considered to have had the greatest influence on this decision, which means that desire for treatment may be guided by the orthodontist. Individuals with malocclusions and treatment need--but who had refused proposed orthodontic treatment--were in general more discontented with their dental arrangement than other respondents, and a majority of them regretted their decision. Greater information to these individuals would have been desirable. Resources and Treatments Provided by General Practitioners or by Specialists. The sparsity of specialist resources resulted in either a greater restriction on the number necessary treatments being initiated or a greater proportion of the treatment being provided by general practitioners. In the 3 counties analysed, the treatment standard correlated well with the available resources: the greater the number of orthodontic specialists and ability to supervise the work of general practitioners and taking care of patients in need of specialist treatment, the higher the standard of treatment. Individuals treated by specialists were more contented than individuals treated by general practitioners. The measures of treatment outcome in general yielded more favourable scores for specialist treatments than for treatments provided by general practitioners, despite the specialist treatments on the average being classified as more difficult than those provided by general practitioners. Perceived treatment difficulty. About one-fourth of all treatments were classified as easy, one-fourth as moderately difficult, and one-half as difficult. The perceived treatment difficulty was associated on a group basis with the pretreatment need. The treatment investment increased and the treatment outcome became less favourable with increasing perceived difficulty. The treatment outcome was least favourable in the group where no treatment was suggested. Almost every fourth treatment was successfully carried out by mere extraction therapy. Attitudes in 27-year-olds. Orthodontic treatment was considered important by three out of four individuals, even in cases where irregularities of the teeth were small. A majority of the individuals thought that they would have been able to wear visible braces if needed, even in adult age. Methodological aspects. Studies that have used different indices to evaluate treatment outcome can only be compared with great caution. Measures with wide bases for evaluation may be more valid than measures with narrow bases. To estimate treatment outcome in terms of decrease of treatment need, the Indication Index may be recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Serial arsenic poisoning: two Alabama cases.

Arsenic poisoners are predominantly women. The occasional localization of cases suggests the inspiration may result from the publicity of earlier cases or word of mouth. Two recent cases of serial arsenic poisoners in Alabama are presented with discussion of the psychodynamics of the murderers.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1996

Jacob--the case of a serial killer.

This paper describes a rare forensic psychiatric syndrome which has been the subject of massive publicity in the last decade. Despite the widespread interest, the psychodynamic process whereby a person becomes a serial murderer remains largely unknown. "Jacob" was convicted of a series of murders that he carried out over a decade. The case material is based on the psychiatric reports that were presented to the court and the many articles published in the local press at the time. Despite the limitations imposed by the material, the available information on "Jacob" bears some similarity to the phenomenological and psychodynamic models described in the literature. An attempt is made to understand the transformation of a person into a serial killer considering the life events, psychopathology and stressors that lead to the emergence from the world of imagination and fantasy of a potential murderer to the deeds that comprise the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Detection of fibrin monomer. Comparison of the immune precipitate method with the serial-dilution protamine sulfate test and the ethanol gel test.

In a previous publication, a method for measuring fibrin monomer in plasma with the use of an immune precipitate of fibrinogen was described. The method was found to be more sensitive to unstabilized fibrin monomer than the serial-dilution protamine sulfate test, or the ethanol gel test, and detected fibrin in a mixture of the plasmin digestion products of fibrin. In the present study the sensitivity of the immune precipitate method for detecting specific plasmin digestion products of fibrin X, Y, D, and E, its sensitivity for stabilized fibrin monomer complexes, and its sensitivity for fibrin retaining B-peptide were measured and compared with the corresponding sensitivities of the serial-dilution protamine sulfate test and the ethanol gel test for detecting these same products. The immune precipitate method was found to be highly sensitive to stabilized fibrin monomer complexes and to fibrin retaining B-peptide; to be significantly less sensitive to the plasmin digestion fragments X, Y, and E; and to be insensitive to fragment D. The serial-dilution protamine sulfate test and the ethanol gel test were found to be insensitive to all of the plasmin digestion products of fibrin and less sensitive to the other fibrin complexes.

Batroxobin↗
PubMed2026

Association of Baloxavir Treatment Timing with Serial Interval and Household Transmission of Influenza through a Likelihood-Based Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Baloxavir treatment is associated with reduced influenza transmission within households, and the serial interval varies by treatment status. However, it remains unclear how baloxavir-induced changes in the serial interval relate to household transmission. We aimed to quantify the model-based association between baloxavir treatment timing and the serial interval and household transmission risk. METHODS: We conducted a household survey of influenza cases in Japan between October 2018 and February 2019. We defined the likelihood-based model integrating the serial interval distribution by treatment status and the secondary attack rate (SAR) using individual-level data from index cases. Using this model, we estimated the reduction in the serial interval associated with baloxavir treatment. RESULTS: Compared with untreated index cases, baloxavir-treated cases were estimated to have a serial interval density reduced by 21.42% following treatment. Treatment within 24 hours was associated with a 0.1685 reduction in the area under the curve, with smaller reductions as treatment was delayed. Earlier treatment was associated with a shorter, more concentrated distribution, whereas treatment 72 hours after onset resembled untreated cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight that baloxavir treatment is associated with a shorter serial interval and lower estimated secondary household transmission risk. We provide model-based estimates suggesting that earlier administration is associated with a greater reduction in serial interval density and estimated transmission risk, which may inform public health strategies for infection control.

Influenza↗
PubMed1969

The NLM current catalog.

When the National Library of Medicine acquired a computer to augment its publication program, the intent was to present in one medium an index to journal articles and a catalog of books and new serial titles. The computer programs designed for indexing were unsatisfactory for cataloging, however; so two publications were issued, the Index Medicus and the NLM Current Catalog. The Current Catalog features separate name and subject sections, added volumes, and technical reports. The Express Cataloging Service was one of the first attempts to increase the speed and coverage of the Catalog. Shared cataloging with the Library of Congress, the Countway Library at Harvard, and the Upstate Medical Library in Syracuse, New York, have also contributed to the efforts toward improving this library service. An additional shared cataloging program, this time with the National Medical Audiovisual Center, is expected to be implemented shortly.

Catalogs, Library↗
PubMed2002

Impact of HIV vaccination on laboratory diagnosis: case reports.

BACKGROUND: It has not been clearly demonstrated whether HIV vaccination can complicate routine HIV testing. In this report, we describe the laboratory data of two prisoners who received rgp120 vaccine in a phase III trial underway in Thailand. These data indicate that previous vaccination may complicate the interpretation of screening HIV diagnostic tests. CASE PRESENTATION: The participants were identified from a cohort study on "Health factors related to HIV-1 and other viral infections among incarcerated people" that was approved by The Ethical Committee for Research in Human Subjects, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. HIV diagnosis was definitively established with serial specimens using multi-screening tests, Western blot and diagnostic PCR.Anti-HIV screening tests consistently exhibited either weakly reactive or inconclusive results. The band patterns of the Western blot analysis corresponded to those found in individuals who received the rgp120 vaccination. Definite results were established using diagnostic PCR, which exhibited consistently negative results with follow-up specimens. Such problems in HIV testing are not easily resolved in the routine clinical setting in Thailand. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that HIV-1 vaccination interferes with routine diagnostic tests. Similar cases will not be uncommon in Thailand, where 2,545 people have already participated in a phase III trial.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1976

A preliminary study of the health of a populaltion staying in apartments of varying sizes in Singapore.

A study was made of the health of 438 households living in high-rise flats in three public housing estates in Singapore. These households were selected by serial sampling from a total sample of 594 households; 156 (26%) were non-respondents. The study used personal interviews to collect data. Respondents questioned directly indicated a low but positive effect of high-rise living conditions on their physical health. The perceived health status of most of these flat dwellers remained unchanged after moving into their present accomodation. The major findings with regard to mental health were: (a) worry and anxiety were associated with the socio-economic status of the respondents; (b) the recreational activities of the respondents were related to their socio-economic status, although the majority spent most of their spare time at home; (c) living conditions in flats tended to affect the patterns of social contacts of the residents with their extended families and primary groups. Three factors (income, education and ethnic group) affected the social behaviour of the respondents with regard to health: (a) the preference for, and selection of, the first source of medical treatment varied for the different soci-economic and ethnic groups; (b) self-medication was associated with ethnic group; (c) the level of education affected the decision on when to receive antenatal care.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1991

Polybrominated biphenyl exposure and human cancer: report of a case and public health implications.

This is a human case report of documented exposure to polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), with serial PBB determinations, obtained over an 11 year period, and signs and symptoms characteristic of PBB exposure, culminating in cancer. No epidemiological studies of PBB and cancer are available, but structure-activity relationships and animal studies were predictive of malignancy. The patient did not have the risk factors of alcoholism or cigarette smoking.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed2026

Long-acting reversible contraception, condom use and sexually transmitted infections in developing countries: a multi-country serial cross-sectional analysis using demographic and health surveys.

INTRODUCTION: Unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major public health issues in developing countries. While long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) effectively prevents unintended pregnancy, there is limited evidence from large multinational studies on its association with condom use and STI-related outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between LARC use, condom use and STIs among women in developing countries. METHODS: This serial cross-sectional study extracted data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), a series of nationally representative household surveys conducted in developing countries. The analysis included women aged 15 to 49 years, with data on contraceptive methods and demographics. Generalised linear mixed effect models (GLMMs) were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) for condom use and self-reported STI-related outcomes, comparing LARC users with both non-LARC users and oral contraceptive users. Subgroup analyses were conducted at the individual level and at the country level. RESULTS: Data from 2 171 884&#x2009;women across 31 countries were analysed. Overall, the prevalence of self-reported STI-related outcomes was 7.4%, 3.9% of participants used LARC, and 7.5% of participants reported consistent condom use. LARC users were significantly less likely to use condoms compared with non-LARC users (aPR=0.40, 95%&#x2009;CI 0.30 to 0.53) and compared with oral contraceptive users (aPR=0.61, 95%&#x2009;CI 0.48 to 0.78). LARC use was associated with a higher prevalence of STI-related outcomes compared with non-LARC users (aPR=1.19, 95%&#x2009;CI 1.10 to 1.28) and compared with oral contraceptives users (aPR=1.14, 95%&#x2009;CI 1.05 to 1.24). Associations were stronger in low-Human Development Index (HDI) countries, especially among younger women (15-19 years), but were not significant in high-HDI countries. Country-level heterogeneity was observed. CONCLUSIONS: LARC use is associated with reduced condom use and higher self-reported STI prevalence, particularly among younger women and in lower HDI developing countries. These findings support integrating STI prevention into LARC services and promoting dual-method use to prevent both unintended pregnancies and STIs.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

A quantitative ranking of the Biomedical Informatics serials.

We have developed a quantitative serial ranking system based on multiple citation analysis techniques, library use statistics, expert opinion, and selected distinguishing publication characteristics. Evaluation criteria categories include: average Science Citation Index (Impact Factor, Immediacy Index, Total citations) rankings from 1987 to 1992; citation source counts of multiple "core" biomedical informatics publications; a questionnaire sent to American College of Medical Informatics Fellows; publication delay; distinguishing characteristics (e.g., subscription cost, total circulation, year established, places indexed, affiliation with a professional society, major biomedical resource library holdings); and the total number of interlibrary loan requests to the U. S. National Library of Medicine. The top serials were Computers and Biomedical Research, MD Computing, Methods of Information in Medicine, Medical Decision Making and Computers in Biology and Medicine.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2000

Molecular cloning and characterization of endosialin, a C-type lectin-like cell surface receptor of tumor endothelium.

Endosialin, the antigen identified with monoclonal antibody FB5, is a highly restricted 165-kDa cell surface glycoprotein expressed by tumor blood vessel endothelium in a broad range of human cancers but not detected in blood vessels or other cell types in many normal tissues. Functional analysis of endosialin has been hampered by a lack of information about its molecular structure. In this study, we describe the purification and partial amino acid sequencing of endosialin, leading to the cloning of a full-length cDNA with an open reading frame of 2274 base pairs. The endosialin cDNA encodes a type I membrane protein of 757 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 80.9 kDa. The sequence matches with an expressed sequence tag of unknown function in public data bases, named TEM1, which was independently linked to tumor endothelium by serial analysis of gene expression profiling. Bioinformatic evaluation classifies endosialin as a C-type lectin-like protein, composed of a signal leader peptide, five globular extracellular domains (including a C-type lectin domain, one domain with similarity to the Sushi/ccp/scr pattern, and three EGF repeats), followed by a mucin-like region, a transmembrane segment, and a short cytoplasmic tail. Carbohydrate analysis shows that the endosialin core protein carries abundantly sialylated, O-linked oligosaccharides and is sensitive to O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase, placing it in the group of sialomucin-like molecules. The N-terminal 360 amino acids of endosialin show homology to thrombomodulin, a receptor involved in regulating blood coagulation, and to complement receptor C1qRp. This structural kinship may indicate a function for endosialin as a tumor endothelial receptor for as yet unknown ligands, a notion now amenable to molecular investigation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of decontamination procedures used at digestive endoscopy units in Gironde].

Decontamination procedures used for endoscopes were noted in 23 digestive endoscopy units, public and private, in the department of Gironde and compared to recommended procedures. Serial, bacteriological samples were obtained from one esogastroscope and one colonoscope in each unit, after upper endoscopy and colonoscopy diagnostic procedures at the end of the endoscopy session. Six units of 23 used complete decontamination procedures. In the 17 other units, principal errors of decontamination procedures were: inadequate cleaning of internal channel of scopes (12 units) and lack of utilization of glutaraldehyde between each endoscopy (8 units). Bacteriological samples were negative in 11/12 endoscopes after a complete decontamination procedure and in 8/39 after an inadequate procedure (p less than 0.01). Complete procedures are efficacious but not used often enough. Information and changes in endoscopic practices are necessary in digestive endoscopy units.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1976

Automated precordial mapping for S-T segment analysis: variability in serial mappings of normal subjects and patients with stable S-T elevation.

An automated method of precordial mapping using a modified Caceres U.S. Public Health Service Electrocardiogram Diagnosing Program has been developed. The S-T segment elevation was measured in three successive complexes and averaged for each of the 35 precordial leads. The onset of the S-T segment (J point) was accurately located in over 99 percent of instances. The time required to sample the 35 leads averaged 8 1/2 minutes with subsequent data analysis requiring an additional 7 minutes. The S-T segment variability between serial mappings done over a 1 to 2 hour period was determined in normal subjects and patients with stable S-T elevation. The average S-T segment elevation/35 leads in normal subjects was 1.28 mv (range 0.41 to 2.14) and the between-mapping variability was +/- 0.25 mv at the 95 percent confidence level. The average S-T segment elevation/35 leads in the patients was 4.01 mv (range 1.35 to 7.28) mv. The between-mapping variability was +/- 0.29 mv (95 percent confidence level), and was not statistically different from the variability in normal subjects (P less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation and identification of mycotoxigenic fungi in selected foods and feeds.

Mycotoxigenic fungi were isolated and identified from selected food and feed samples obtained in Metro Manila public markets, a Laguna coconut mill, and FNRI rat breeder's diet using the serial dilution and moisture chamber techniques. The majority of the isolates identified belong to the genera Aspergillus and Mucorales and a few to the Penicillium. Taxonomical identification was based on the morphological characteristics of the fungi as observed under the microscope.

Animal Feed↗