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[Seminar on reciprocal physical examination for structuring personal experience within the scope of medical education].

During medical training, two aspects are usually neglected: practical exercise of technical skills, and the psychological and emotional aspects of the physician's action. A training model is described which is designed to assist in remedying this situation. In a theme-centered sensitivity training group, preclinical medical students of both sexes become acquainted with the basic techniques of physical examination and practice them under mutual guidance. These aspects of technical skill are also compared with the inseparably linked emotional angle. By changing repeatedly from the physician to the patient role and vice versa, role-specific tasks and their implications for practical medical action can be rendered transparent and discussed. The basic setting, exercises developed by the author, and experience with six groups (n = 72 participants) over a period of 2 years are described and briefly discussed.

Education, Medical↗

Phonological sensitivity and the acquisition of new words in children.

Two studies are reported which aimed to examine the relationship between phonological sensitivity and the acquisition of new words that systematically differed in the familiarity of their sound structures. In the first study measures of phonological sensitivity, phonological short-term memory, vocabulary, and nonverbal ability were administered to forty-one 5-year-old children. Phonological sensitivity was related to the paired-associate learning of phonologically unfamiliar words, but not to the learning of familiar words. In the second study a group of 14 nonreading 5-year-old children received phonological sensitivity training. A control group was trained in semantic categorization. After the training, the phonological sensitivity group did perform better on measures of letter knowledge and phonological sensitivity (rhyme and first-sound categorization) and appeared to learn phonologically unfamiliar words more easily. The findings of both studies suggest that phonological sensitivity can support the acquisition of novel words.

Child, Preschool↗

Training groups.

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Sensitivity Training Groups↗