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PubMed1991

Present status of residency training in mammography.

We conducted a telephone interview of all 207 accredited diagnostic radiology residency training programs listed in the American Medical Association's Directory of Graduate Medical Education Programs. Resident training in mammography was offered in 206 programs, and 35% of the programs had initiated this training within the past 3 years. Residents had an assigned block of time to do mammography in 84% of the programs. Of the 206 programs, 40% had rotations devoted exclusively to mammography, with 82% of the exclusive rotations lasting from 4 to 8 weeks. Residents were performing localization procedures in 91% of the programs and dictating cases in 81%. A distinction was made between screening and diagnostic examinations by 35% of the training institutions, at least in terms of the fee for the examination. Radiologists who devoted at least half of their practice to mammography taught in 52% of the programs. The American College of Radiology has granted accreditation in mammography to 29% of the programs. Although almost all accredited residency training programs offer training in mammography, there are some deficiencies in this training. More residents need to gain the experience of dictating mammography reports and need to learn about the distinctions between screening and diagnostic mammography. Despite the anticipated deluge of screening examinations in the next decade, there were only 17 fellowships that included at least 6 months of mammography identified in 15 (7%) of the institutions; only 11 of these were full-time 1-year breast imaging fellowships.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1993

Quality assurance in mammography: status of residency education.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent radiology residents are being trained in quality assurance procedures for mammography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A telephone survey was conducted with 189 chief residents and 10 other senior residents from 199 of the 209 residency training programs in diagnostic radiology. RESULTS: Time spent on mammography rotations averaged 8 weeks. Only 10 residents (5%) were "very familiar" with the American College of Radiology (ACR) Mammography Accreditation Program; 72 (36%) were "not at all familiar" with it. Ninety-six (48%) knew that one technologist should be assigned quality control procedures. The majority did not know the recommended frequency for performing any of the five routine quality control procedures; only one knew the recommended frequencies for all five. Only twenty-seven (14%) knew the recommended maximum dose for a mammogram. Regarding biopsy yields and false-negative results: 92 residents (46%) sat in on outcome evaluation sessions; 54 (27%) played active roles, looking up and tabulating results; and 53 (27%) did not participate at all. CONCLUSION: Although time spent on mammography rotations has increased substantially, quality assurance issues are still largely neglected. It may not be reasonable for radiology residents to have detailed instruction in quality assurance procedures for mammography, but they should be more familiar with the general issues involved and the procedures intended to correct the problem of the variable quality of mammography in this country.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1987

Mental status of residents in old people's homes.

As part of an intensive survey of institutionalized elderly in 5 non-government homes for the aged in Singapore, mental health assessment of the residents was carried out systematically. Among 359 respondents, 30.1% often felt sad or cried often. Sleep disturbances affected 47.7% of the total respondents. Females were more prone to both depression and insomnia even after controlling for age difference; about 50% of the females aged 60-74 years and 70% of the females aged 75 years and above had frequently experienced these problems. A review of the literature on mental health and suicidal behaviour among the elderly is also presented.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is rehabilitation associated with change in functional status among nursing home residents?

Assessing functional status of residents in nursing homes is one way to evaluate the quality of care provided. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether rehabilitation interventions could lead to improved functional independence. A prospective study was carried out to examine the change in activities of daily living (ADL) of 310 residents aged 65 or above over a period of 6 months. About 41.3% (n = 128) received rehabilitation therapy. Functional improvement was observed in 30.6% of the participants. The corresponding figures for stabilization and functional decline were 45.2% and 24.2%, respectively. Using a multinomial logistic regression, we found that factors significantly associated with change in functional status included baseline ADL score, family visit, number of beds in the institution, and transfer to acute hospitals. After adjusting for these confounding variables, change in functional status of those who received rehabilitation and those who did not was not significantly different.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2006

[Comprehensive geriatric assessment in hospitalized patients aged 80 years and more].

Comprehensive geriatric assessment during hospitalization, taking into account the specificity of geriatric patients could be used both in acute and long-term care. We analyzed 63 patients aged at least 80 years, born on odd days and hospitalized at the Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków. We examined patients using Geriatric Assessment Chart which consisted of Barthel Index (used to determinate motor activity), MMSE, GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale), abbreviated Tinetti Test, Waterlow Index (used to determine the risk of pressure sore development), delirium risk factors scale, and social evaluation. The data were analyzed according to sex, marital status, level of mood, and residence status (free living or institutionalized). The mean age of 47 women and 16 men was 85.0 +/- 4.34 years. Dementia was been found in 60% of examined patients. Depression (usually mild) was encountered in 55.4%. Motor activity was moderately to severely impaired in the entire group, with high level of risk of falls and development of pressure sores. Thirteen per cent of the patients have been admitted with already developed ulcers. The results suggest the need for the comprehensive geriatric assessment both in hospitalized patients and in post-hospital phase of care.

Accidental Falls↗