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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Iliac arteries: reanalysis of results of balloon angioplasty.

In this reanalysis of the 667 percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasties (PTAs) of the iliac arteries, the variables that are predictive of early and late success were identified. For 82 iliac occlusions, the success rate at 1 month was 75.6% +/- 4.7 (mean +/- standard error). With exclusion of the 15 technical failures that were associated with one complication, the success rate at 1 month was 91.0% +/- 3.5 and at 3 years, 58.8% +/- 7.1. For PTA of an iliac occlusion at one site, the predicted 3-year success rate was 66%, whereas for PTA of an iliac occlusion with a tandem lesion, the success rate was 17%. For the 313 common iliac PTAs, the success rate at 1 month was 97.1% +/- 0.9; at 1 year, 81.1% +/- 2.3; at 2 years, 70.6% +/- 2.9; at 3 years, 67.8% +/- 3.0; at 4 years, 64.9% +/- 3.3; at 5 years, 60.2% +/- 4.0; and at 6 years, 52.0% +/- 5.7. There were no variables that were statistically predictive of late results. For the 209 external iliac PTAs, the predicted 3-year success rate was 57% for men and 34% for women. For 58 PTAs of both common and external iliac stenoses, the predicted 3-year success rate was 73% for patients with good runoff and 30% for those with poor runoff. Serious complications were recorded in 3.9% (26 of 667): Death occurred in 0.3%, operation was necessary in 1.0%, and hospital discharge was delayed in 2.6%.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1983

The inheritance of schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a reanalysis of the Danish adoptee study data.

Rosenthal and colleagues earlier compared the frequency of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in two groups of persons adopted in infancy or early childhood: those with a psychotic parent (index group) and those whose biological parents had never had a psychiatric diagnosis or treatment (control group). They found significantly more disorder in the index group. Reanalysis of the original material using DSM-III and stricter exclusionary criteria applied to the parents yielded three times as many schizophrenia spectrum disorders in the index as in the control group. This difference remained statistically significant, supporting the operation of genetic factors in the transmission of the traits comprising the schizophrenic spectrum of disorders.

Adoption↗
PubMed1996

Analysis, reanalysis, and self-analysis.

This paper describes a training analysis which required a reanalysis. An evaluation of the circumstances leading to the need for further psychoanalysis for the practicing analyst is detailed. A discussion of the value and necessity for self-analysis following analysis is presented. The description of a specific technique for conducting a self-analysis is rendered.

Dreams↗
PubMed2000

Temporal arteritis and fever: report of a case and a clinical reanalysis of 360 cases.

The purposes of this article are to report a case with temporal arteritis (TA) and to summarize and reanalyze the cases of temporal arteritis associated with fever in published articles for understanding better the clinical features of TA. A case with biopsy-proven TA is reported. The publications with TA and fever were searched by using MEDLINE in English from 1966 to 1999. Three hundred sixty cases of temporal arteritis associated with fever were reanalyzed. The results showed that a case of biopsy-proven TA with typically clinical manifestation was initially misdiagnosed and that the reanalysis of 360 cases revealed that the common clinical findings at presentation were abnormal temporal arteries, headache, low fever, loss of weight, polymyalgia rheumatica, jaw claudication, vision disorder, arthralgis or myalyias, and ear pain and that the uncommon clinical findings at presentation were high fever, malaise, anorexia, breast pain, transient ischemic attack/stroke, cough, mental disorder, diarrhea, and uterine prolapse, etc. Laboratory findings were the range of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 14 to 149 with a mean of 97.0 mm/hr, white blood cells being normal or increased in the range of 10.9 to 22.9 x 10(9)/L, hemoglobin level 7 to 16 g/dL, the platelets count increased to 785 x 10(9)/L, and microscopic hematuria. The diagnosis was made by a combination of clinical features, an increased ESR, a response to steroids, and, most specifically, temporal artery biopsy. The initial diagnosis was misdiagnosed in 38.2% of patients. In conclusion, the features of TA associated with fever have not been widely appreciated yet. TA is a common cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in the elderly. TA should be considered when patients complain of common and uncommon manifestations. An elevated ESR will aid in the diagnosis of TA, and temporal artery biopsy will provide certainty.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reanalysis of unruptured intracranial aneurysm management: effect of a new international study on the threshold probabilities.

OBJECTIVE: This report updates previous clinical decision analysis for patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UN-AN) based on newly published data and discusses the role of reanalysis in individual decision making. METHODS: The authors employed probabilities for the natural history of UN-AN and results of preventive surgery based on the report by the International Study of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulation and traditional n-way sensitivity analyses were used to assess the uncertainty of clinical decisions. RESULTS: The baseline decision in favor of preventive surgery is reversed by new data from the international study. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses revealed several populations showing heterogeneity in terms of strategy selection. One- and two-way sensitivity analyses detected two important factors for decision making: annual rupture rate and utility for knowingly living with UN-AN. CONCLUSIONS: Annual UN-AN rupture rate and the utility for knowingly living with UN-AN are key factors when deciding on a therapeutic strategy. Also, updating published decision analyses can improve clinical decision making by integrating clinical judgment and newly available clinical data.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Reanalysis of epidemiological data for selenium anti-cancer activity.

Investigations of the health effects of selenium have repeatedly noted an inverse relationship of selenium (both soil and human sera) and decreased prevalence of cancer. This has been found in cross sectional, case-control and ecological study designs. Reanalysis of age-adjusted death rates by cancer site revealed a significant inverse relationship for lung and all cancer with blood selenium. Methodological problems in this type of research is discussed.

Anticarcinogenic Agents↗
PubMed1996

Risk factors for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a reanalysis of case-control studies.

To review the evidence for risk factors of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), we pooled and reanalyzed the raw data of three case-control studies. The pooled data set comprised 178 patients and 333 control subjects. The strength of association between CJD and putative risk factors was assessed by computing the odds ratio as estimate of the relative risk. The risk of CJD was statistically significantly increased for subjects with a family history of CJD (odds ratio = 19.1; 95% CI 1.1 to 348.0). Further, there was a significant association between the risk of CJD and a history of psychotic disease (odds ratio = 9.9; 95% CI 1.1 to 86.1). Although not significantly increased, there was an elevated risk of CJD for subjects with a family history of dementia, a history of poliomyelitis, subjects employed as health professionals, and subjects ever exposed to cows and sheep. No association could be shown with organ meat consumption, including brain. The negative results of this reanalysis reassures the absence of a common risk factor in all CJD patients. However, the ongoing epidemiologic surveillance of CJD in several European countries may provide more evidence to exclude any environmental exposure early in childhood.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

The effects of ambient ozone on lung function in children: a reanalysis of six summer camp studies.

Studies of children attending summer camps often have observed relationships between daily outdoor ozone (O3) concentrations and decreased lung function that are qualitatively similar to results seen in human chamber studies. The former studies, focusing on the pulmonary effects of O3 and associated pollutants on children under natural conditions of exposure, are potentially of great importance to understanding the public health impact of ambient O3. However, a thorough assessment of the results of these studies has been hampered by differences in the analysis and reporting of data across the various studies. We obtained data sets from six summer camp studies carried out by three separate investigative groups, including two New Jersey studies performed by New York University, two studies in Ontario carried out by Health and Welfare Canada, and two studies in southern California. The data consisted of sequential, daily measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and 1-hr O3 concentration in the hour preceding lung function measurements for each child. We analyzed the relationships between lung function and O3 using linear regression models that fit subject-specific intercepts and a single, pooled O3 slope. These models were fit for each of the six studies separately and for all studies combined. All of the study-specific slopes of FEV1 on O3 were negative (i.e., increased O3 associated with decreased FEV1); five of six were statistically significant. Analysis of the combined six-study data set yielded a slope of -0.50 ml FEV1/ppb O3 (p<0.0001). Addition of time-trend variables to the combined-data analysis diminished, but did not eliminate, the FEV1-O3 relationship. Study-specific slopes for PEFR on O3 were more variable. Combined over studies, no significant relationship was observed between PEFR and O3. However, this negative finding appeared to be partially confounded by time trends in PEFR. The results of this reanalysis provide strong evidence that children exposed to O3 under natural conditions experience decreases in FEV1 of the kind demonstrated in laboratory studies, and raise concern that other acute respiratory effects observed in those studies (e.g., pulmonary inflammation) may also occur in young people exposed to ambient O3.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Have sperm densities declined? A reanalysis of global trend data.

In 1992 a worldwide decline in sperm density was reported; this was quickly followed by numerous critiques and editorials. Because of the public health importance of this finding, a detailed reanalysis of data from 61 studies was warranted to resolve these issues. Multiple linear regression models (controlling for abstinence time, age, percent proven fertility, specimen collection method, study goal and location) were used to examine regional differences and the interaction between region (United States, Europe, and non-Western countries) and year. Nonlinear models and residual confounding were also examined in these data. Using a linear model (adjusted R2 = 0. 80), means and slopes differed significantly across regions (p = 0. 02). Mean sperm densities were highest in Europe and lowest in non-Western countries. A decline in sperm density was seen in the United States (studies from 1938-1988; slope = -1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), -1.90--1.10) and Europe (1971-1990; slope = -3.13; CI, -4.96- -1.30), but not in non-Western countries (1978-1989; slope = 1.56; CI, -1.00-4.12). Results from nonlinear models (quadratic and spline) were similar. Thus, further analysis of these studies supports a significant decline in sperm density in the United States and Europe. Confounding and selection bias are unlikely to account for these results. However, some intraregional differences were as large as mean decline in sperm density between 1938 and 1990, and recent reports from Europe and the United States further support large interarea differences in sperm density. Identifying the cause(s) of these regional and temporal differences, whether environmental or other, is clearly warranted.

Environmental Pollution↗
PubMed1990

Consistent pattern of elevated symptoms in air-conditioned office buildings: a reanalysis of epidemiologic studies.

Published studies of the relation between type of building ventilation system and work-related symptom prevalence in office workers have been contradictory. A reanalysis was performed of six studies meeting specific eligibility criteria, combining published data with unpublished information obtained from study authors. Five eligible studies were from the United Kingdom, and one was from Denmark. Standardized categories of building ventilation type were created to allow comparison of effects across studies. Within each study, prevalence odds ratios (PORs) were calculated for symptoms in each ventilation category relative to a baseline category of naturally ventilated buildings. Air-conditioned buildings were consistently associated with increased prevalence of work-related headache (POR = 1.3-3.1), lethargy (POR = 1.4-5.1), and upper respiratory/mucus membrane symptoms (POR = 1.3-4.8). Humidification was not a necessary factor for the higher symptom prevalence associated with air-conditioning. Mechanical ventilation without air-conditioning was not associated with higher symptom prevalence. The consistent associations found between type of building ventilation and reported symptom prevalence have potentially important public health and economic implications.

Air Conditioning↗
PubMed1990

Peer cluster theory and adolescent drug use: a reanalysis.

Peer cluster theory hypothesizes that peer drug association has a direct effect on adolescent drug use. In turn, peer drug associations are influenced by familial factors (sanctions and strength) and individual variables (religious identification, school adjustment). Oetting and Beauvais evaluated peer cluster theory in a cross-sectional survey of 415 high school students [1]. We hypothesized, evaluated, and found support for an alternative model in which poorer school adjustment was specified as a consequence of drug use, peer drug associations, lack of family sanctions against drug use, low religious identification, and absence of family strength. This reanalysis illustrates that interpretations of structural equation modeling results from cross-sectional data are especially problematic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Hierarchy of preferences toward disabled groups: a reanalysis.

A reanalysis of Tringo's (1970) hierarchy of preference toward disabled groups was conducted through multidimensional scaling. The structure underlying social-distance preferences is multidimensional in nature rather than unidimensional as presented by Tringo. The retained 3-dimensional solution was interpreted as focusing on the visibility of the disabilities, the organic versus functional nature of the disabilities, and an element of ostracism.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Geophysical variables and behavior: LXXIII. Ubiquitous errors: a reanalysis of Anderson's (1987) "temperature and aggression".

Reanalysis of Anderson's 1987 data showed that correlations between number of hot days and violence shrank to nonsignificance when variables indicative of the South's subculture of violence were statistically controlled. The reanalyses also indicated that Anderson's results were unique to the procedures he used to select sociodemographic controls, operationalize temperature, and combine crime rates. It is concluded that relations described in a review of research on temperature and violence are neither ubiquitous nor effects.

Aggression↗
PubMed1995

Pooled reanalysis of cancer mortality among five cohorts of workers in wood-related industries.

OBJECTIVES: To provide more information regarding the risk of cancer associated with wood dust, a pooled reanalysis of data from five cohort studies was performed. METHODS: The combined cohort consisted of 28,704 persons from five studies: British furniture workers, members of the union representing furniture workers in the United States, two cohorts of plywood workers, and one of wood model makers, among whom 7665 deaths occurred. Pooled analyses were carried out for all of the cohorts combined, the two furniture worker cohorts combined, and the two plywood workers cohorts combined. RESULTS: Significant excesses of nasal [observed 11, standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 3.1, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.6-5.6] and nasopharyngeal (observed 9, SMR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-4.5) cancer were observed. That for nasal cancer appeared to be associated with exposure to wood dust but was based solely on cases from the British furniture worker cohort, while that of nasopharyngeal cancer was observed for furniture and plywood workers and was associated with both high and low probability of wood dust exposure. Some support for an excess risk of multiple myeloma was also observed but was less clearly associated with wood dust exposure. No excesses of lung, larynx, stomach, or colon cancer were found to be associated with any surrogate indicators of wood dust exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Workers exposed to wood dust may have an excess risk of nasopharyngeal cancer and multiple myeloma in addition to sinonasal cancer. The limitations of this study would tend to obscure relationships, rather than create false positive findings.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1979

Passive-active immunity from hepatitis B immune globulin. Reanalysis of a Veterans Administration cooperative study of needle-stick hepatitis. The Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group.

The mechanism of action of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and immune serum globulin was sought in a reanalysis of a Veterans Administration cooperative study on needle-stick exposure to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive blood. Sera from 296 exposed persons were tested for HBsAg, antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) by radioimmunoassay. Type B hepatitis developed in three HBIG (2%) and in 12 ISG (8%) recipients. In contrast, subclinical infection (development of HBsAg or anti-HBs and anti-HBc without symptoms or jaundice) developed in 16 HBIG (10%) but only six immune serum globulin (4%) recipients. Thus, infection occurred equally in both groups but was more likely to be subclinical in HBIG recipients, indicating that HBIG permitted development of passive-active immunity to type B hepatitis. An additional 53 immune serum globulin recipients (36%) but only one HBIG recipient developed anti-HBs alone, without hepatitis, HBsAg, or anti-HBc. This response was more compatible with immunization by HBsAg than with infection. Ultracentrifugation analysis revealed occult HBsAg in the immune serum globulin but not the HBIG, indicating that some immune serum globulin preparations contain HBsAg and can induce active immunity to type B hepatitis.

Hepatitis B↗
PubMed1991

Interlaboratory variability in drug assay: a comparison of quality control data with reanalysis of routine patient samples. I: Anticonvulsant drugs and theophylline. Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Study Group, Italian Society for Clinical Biochemistry.

The interlaboratory variability in the assay of theophylline and various anticonvulsant drugs was evaluated in a 16-month prospective study by using two independent experimental approaches: (a) a conventional method based on the distribution of quality control (QC) lyophilized human sera spiked with the test drugs (phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, valproic acid, primidone, theophylline); and (b) reanalysis by two to four reference laboratories of patients' samples randomly selected among those routinely assayed for phenytoin and theophylline by the 52 participating laboratories. For all tested drugs, precision as assessed by results on spiked QC samples was generally satisfactory, interlaboratory coefficients of variation (CV) being below 18.5% for all drugs tested except primidone (CV = 24.1%) at clinically relevant drug concentrations. For both phenytoin and theophylline, there was a good agreement between results obtained by individual reference laboratories (reference results) on routine samples. The correlation coefficients relating the original values to the means of the reference results were greater than 0.94. It is concluded that interlaboratory variability in the assay of the drugs included in this survey is relatively low not only when assessed by using conventional QC material, but also under strictly routine conditions.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1991

Interlaboratory variability in drug assay: a comparison of quality control data with reanalysis of routine patient samples. II: Digoxin. Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Study Group, Italian Society for Clinical Biochemistry.

Fifty-four laboratories providing a serum digoxin monitoring service participated in a 16-month prospective quality control (QC) study that involved (a) determination of spiked QC samples based on a human serum matrix and (b) reanalysis by two to four reference laboratories of patient samples randomly selected among those assayed routinely. Interlaboratory variability on spiked samples was limited, coefficients of variation being usually in the 11-21% range. Correlations between values reported by individual reference laboratories on routine samples were reasonably good irrespective of the techniques used, which were the enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) or the fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). When all data were considered, the correlation between the original routine values and reference results (r = 0.93) was comparable to that observed for the other analytes (phenytoin and theophylline) included in the survey. When subsets of results were evaluated according to the technique used, the agreement between routine and reference results was good for samples originally measured by FPIA (r = 0.96), moderate for samples originally measured by non-EMIT/non-FPIA techniques (r = 0.92), and poor for the few samples originally measured by EMIT (r = 0.55). The poor correlation with EMIT results could be ascribed largely to erratic performance of two individual laboratories. It is concluded that interlaboratory variability in routine drug measurements is greater for digoxin than for other analytes such as phenytoin and theophylline, and that the analytical performance of some laboratories is grossly inaccurate.

Digoxin↗
PubMed1990

Exclusion of a schizophrenia susceptibility gene from the chromosome 5q11-q13 region: new data and a reanalysis of previous reports.

The report of a putative schizophrenia susceptibility gene linked to markers in the chromosome 5q11-q13 region and subsequent failures of replication have provoked considerable controversy. We here report six Welsh families multiply affected with schizophrenia in which there is no evidence for linkage between a dominant-like schizophrenia gene and 5q11-q13 markers. It is argued that our new results together with a combined reanalysis of previous studies suggest that a schizophrenia susceptibility gene can be excluded from the 5q11-q13 region. The apparent disparities between published results are most likely to reflect a chance finding in the one positive study and probably should not be interpreted as resulting from true linkage heterogeneity.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5↗