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PubMed1978

Studies on the occurrence of Peptococcus indolicus and Corynebacterium pyogenes in abscesses in swine, and on the occurrence of Pc. indolicus in apparently normal skin and mucous membranes of piglets.

Pc. indolicus was isolated from 42.7% and Cb. pyogenes from 48.7% of 150 pus-samples from abscesses in pigs (slaughter-house material, Table I). In 41 specimens the two organisms were found together. Further, Pc. indolicus was demonstrated in 22.4% of 290 swabs from apparently normal skin and mucous membranes of piglets (autopsy material, Table II). By gel diffusion analysis the strains of Pc. indolicus were referred to the serotypes B, C, D, E, or F. The type distribution (Table III) possibly reflects a type-related variation in the invasive properties of Pc. indolicus.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1976

Long-chain fatty acids of peptococci and peptostreptococci.

The long-chain fatty acids extracted from the whole cells of 12 clinically significant species of peptococci and peptostreptococci were characterized by gas-liquid chromatography. The resulting methylated fatty acid profiles (and some unidentified compounds) of 82 strains allowed the 12 species to be separated into four groups. Fifteen strains of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were placed in group I because they had a unique, prominent compound that occurred in the area where a C8 to C10 fatty acid would be expected. Group II, consisting of Peptostreptococcus intermedius, Peptostreptococcus micros, Peptostreptococcus parvulus, Peptococcus morbillorum, and Peptococcus constellatus, produced C14, C16:1, C18:1, and C18 fatty acids. Peptococcus prevotii, Peptococcus variabilus, Peptococcus magnus, Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, and Peptostreptococcus productus were placed in group III because they contained three to six additional, unidentified compounds that strikingly differentiated them from group II. Peptococcus saccharolyticus was the single species assigned to group IV because it yielded C14, C16, C18:1, C18, and C20 fatty acids and a prominent unidentified peak that occurred between C14 and C16 fatty acids. This study indicated that cellular long-chain fatty acids may be an important tool in clarifying the taxonomy of the peptococci and peptostreptococci.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1994

16S ribosomal DNA sequences of anaerobic cocci and proposal of Ruminococcus hansenii comb. nov. and Ruminococcus productus comb. nov.

The 16S ribosomal DNA sequences of representative members of the family Peptococcaceae were determined. The members of the family examined were divided into the following four phylogenetic groups: Peptococcus niger ATCC 27731T (T = type strain), the Sarcina-Peptostreptococcus anaerobius group, the ruminococcus-coprococcus group, and the peptostreptococcus group. Peptococcus niger, the type species of the family, was not related to other members of the family. Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ATCC 27337T, the type strain of the type species of the genus Peptostreptococcus, was closely related to Clostridium sordellii NCIB 10717T (level of sequence similarity, 85%). Sarcina ventriculi GIFU 7886, a spore-forming anaerobic gram-positive coccus, clustered with Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124T at a similarity value of 91%. Members of the Sarcina-Peptostreptococcus anaerobius group clustered with clostridia at similarity values ranging from 85 to 91%. The type strains of Peptostreptococcus prevotii, Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, Peptostreptococcus micros, and Peptostreptococcus magnus clustered at levels of sequence homology of 84 to 93%. This cluster was not included in the Peptococcus niger group or the Peptostreptococcus anaerobius group. Thus, these members of the genus Peptostreptococcus should be separated from the other members of the genus and also from members of the family Peptococcaceae. The sequence of Peptostreptococcus productus ATCC 27340T was different from the sequences of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Peptococcus niger. The sequence of Streptococcus hansenii ATCC 27752T, a strictly anaerobic strain, was different from the sequences of other streptococci; this strain clustered with Peptostreptococcus productus, coprococci, and ruminococci. Several phenotypic characteristics of Streptococcus hansenii ATCC 27752T were similar to characteristics of ruminococci.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1974

Fluorescent antibody study of the gram-positive anaerobic cocci.

Fluorescent antibody conjugates were prepared from five species of anaerobic cocci commonly isolated from human infections. When tested with homologous and heterologous cells these conjugates were found to be highly specific. There was no evidence of a common genus antigen. Peptococcus magnus conjugates detected a species-specific antigen; cross-reactions with Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were readily eliminated by absorption. The conjugates from Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, Peptococcus prevotii, Peptostreptococcus, anaerobius, and Peptostreptococcus intermedius displayed a high degree of strain specificity. Occasional cross-reactions were detected with homologous strains, suggesting the presence of common antigens, but no attempt was made to determine the number of different serotypes in these species.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1976

[Antibacterial and bactericidal activity of tinidazole against anaerobic bacteria comparing with metronidazole (author's transl)].

Antibacterial activity of tinidazole (1-2-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole) against anaerobic bacteria including Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Eubacterium, Propionibacterium, Bacteroides and Fusobacterium was studied by agar dilution method comparing with metronidazole. In addition to this work, bactericidal effect of tinidazole and metronidazole against P. prevotii, B. fragilis ss. fragilis and F. varium was examined by quantitative culture method after incubation in GAM broth containing of 4 MIC, 2 MIC, 1 MIC and 1/2 MIC of both drugs against each of three strains for 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. All the strains of Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus including P. anaerobius, P. saccharolyticus, P. prevotii and Ps. anaerobius and others were susceptible to a concentration of 6.25 mcg/ml of this drug. A concentration of 3.13 mcg/ml inhibited all strains of Bacteroides including B. fragilis ss. fragilis (12 strains), ss. vulgatus (5 strains), ss. thetaiotaomicron (4 strains) and ss. distasonis (2 strains). To this concentration all strains of Fusobacterium including F. varium (20 strains), F. mortiferum (2 strains) and other Fusobacterium sp. (5 strains) were susceptible. On the contrary, Propionibacterium acnes (6 strains) was resistant to 100 mcg/ml or more of tinidazole and metronidazole. The antibacterial activity of tinidazole was stronger against Bacteroides than that of metronidazole, while almost equal against Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Eubacterium and Fusobacterium. Tinidazole was bactericidal against F. varium in a concentration of 2 MIC till 24 hours of incubation but did not show such an activity on B. fragilis ss. fragilis in same concentration even after 12 hours of incubation. On the other hand, metronidazole was bactericidal against B. fragilis ss. fragilis while was not against F. varium. Against P. prevotii bactericidal activity of both drugs was similar. Tinidazole as well as metronidazole is an excellent chemotherapeutic agent against anaerobic bacteria excluding Propionibacterium acnes and Bifidobacterium adolescentis.

Actinomycetaceae↗
PubMed1980

Bacterial studies of peritoneal cavity and postoperative surgical wound drainage following perforated appendix in children.

This study reports bacterial specimens obtained from 112 children presenting with a ruptured appendix. Additional samples were studied from 11 of these patients who developed a postoperative surgical draining wound. Bacterial growth occurred in 100 peritoneal fluid specimens. Anaerobic bacteria alone were present in 14 specimens, aerobes alone in 12, and mixed aerobic an anerobic flora in 74 specimens. There were 144 aerobic isolates (1.4 per specimen). The predominant isolates were: E. coli (57 specimens); alpha-hemolytic steptococcus (16 specimens); gamma-hemolytic streptococcus (15 specimens); Group D streptococcus (12 specimens); and P. aeruginosa (9 specimens). There were 301 anaerobic isolates (three per specimen). The predominant isolates were: 157 Bacteroides spp. (including 92 B. fragilis group and 26 B. melaninogenicus group); 62 gram-positive anaerobic cocci (including 30 Peptococcus sp.; 29 Peptostreptococcus sp.); 27 Fusobactenium sp.; and 16 Clostridium sp. B. fragilis and Peptococcus sp. occurred in 23 patients. Beta lactamase production was detectable in 98 isolates recovered from 74 patients. These included all isolates of B. fragilis and six of the 23 Bacteroides sp. Forty-nine organisms (16 aerobic and 33 anaerobic) were recovered from the draining wounds. The predominant organisms were: B. fragilis (8 specimens); E. coli (6 specimens); Peptostreptococcus sp. (5 specimens); and three specimens each of P. aeruginosa and Peptococcus sp. Most of these isolates were also recovered from the peritoneal cavity of the patients. These findings demonstrate the polymicrobial aerobic and anaerobic nature of peritoneal cavity and postoperative wound flora in children with perforated appendix, and demonstrate the presence of beta lactamase-producing organisms in three-fourths of the patients.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of EDTA-soluble cell surface components of gram-positive anaerobic cocci.

The protein content of EDTA extracts from 76 strains of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci was examined using SDS-PAGE. Strains of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius produced almost identical profiles; greater heterogeneity was observed within the species Peptococcus magnus, Peptococcus prevotii and Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, but several strains within each biotype produced similar patterns. Serological investigation of these extracts by ELISA revealed numerous cross-reactions among the different biotypes. Immunoblot transfers from polyacrylamide gels demonstrated two common antigens within strains of the species, Ps. anaerobius, but these were not species-specific.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

The in vitro activity of trospectomycin against anaerobic bacteria.

The authors evaluated the activity of trospectomycin, a new aminocyclitol which is characterized by good antibacterial and broad spectrum activity, in comparison with clindamycin and ampicillin on a sample of recent isolates: Bacteroides fragilis (15 strains), Bacteroides urealyticus (5 strains), Bacteroides vulgatus (5 strains), Bacteroides spp. (15 strains), Prevotella melaninogenica (6 strains), Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (7 strains), Mobiluncus spp. (3 strains), Peptococcus niger (3 strains), Peptococcus variabilis (9 strains), Peptococcus spp (30 strains), Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (5 strains), Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus (3 strains), Peptostreptococcus spp. (25 strains) and Propionibacterium spp. (7 strains). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for all strains by microtiter serial dilutions in Wilkins-Chalgren broth in an anaerobic chamber in an atmosphere of 10% H2, 10% CO2, 80% N2. All the drugs tested exert their activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative anaerobic isolates. In particular, trospectomycin is quite active against Gram-positive cocci (MIC 90 = 4 - 8 mg/l), Gram-negative rods (MIC 90 = 8 - 16 mg/l), Gram-positive rods (MIC 90 = 4 mg/l) and Mobiluncus spp. (MIC 90 = 0.5 mg/l).

Ampicillin↗