Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PERCUSSION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Platelet aggregation in cerebral arterioles after percussive brain trauma.

Percussive injury to the cat brain is known to be accompanied by endothelial damage in pial arteries and arterioles distant from the percussed site. The damage is not accompanied by platelet aggregation, and it has been hypothesized that the injury may be associated with the production of antiaggregatory substances. In the present study, the pial vessels of percussed brains were exposed to radiant energy from a mercury lamp in the presence of intravascular sodium fluorescein. Both light and dye constitute a second source of microvascular injury which, by itself, has been shown to produce local platelet aggregation. The object of the present study was to see whether this aggregation was inhibited by the effects of prior brain percussion. Contrary to our expectation, we found that the initiation of aggregation was significantly enhanced by the prior injury, suggesting either a potentiation by one injury of the chemical effects of the other, or an enhancement by the first injury of the susceptibility of the vessels to physical damage by the second insult.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Use of abdominal percussion for pneumoperitoneum detection.

Pneumoperitoneum refers to free air within the abdominal cavity that typically signifies serious abdominal pathology such as a perforated gut. The principal hypothesis of the study was that abdominal structure alterations due to pneumoperitoneum cause diagnostic changes in the sounds induced by abdominal percussion. The current pilot study investigated these changes in a mongrel dog model. Abdominal percussion was performed at baseline and after creation of pneumoperitoneum states. The resulting acoustic events were acquired, digitised and analysed. The event attack and decay rates and dominant frequencies during decay decreased with pneumoperitoneum (p = 0.084, 0.014 and 0.004, respectively; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Simple theoretical models were constructed and predicted the observed decrease in resonant frequencies with increasing air pocket size. The results suggested that the normal and the 1,000 ml pneumoperitoneum states can be separated using thresholds of the attack and decay rates and resonant frequency (specificity = 80%, 100% and 100%, and sensitivity = 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively). Separating the control and the 500 ml pneumoperitoneum cases may be also possible (specificity = 80%, 100%, 100% and sensitivity = 50%, 70% and 90%, respectively), but separating the two levels of pneumoperitoneum was not feasible using the current approach. Therefore analysis of abdominal percussion sounds may prove useful for pneumoperitoneum detection, but not for distinguishing different levels of that condition.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

The use of a calibrated percussion instrument in pulpal and periapical diagnosis.

The use of percussion as a means of evaluating symptoms related to pulpal and periapical conditions is well documented. The literature reports no method of means for recording any relative measure of this response. A percussion instrument was developed to record the various degrees of tenderness to percussion on a calibrated basis.

Calibration↗
PubMed2006

Changes in localization of synaptophysin following fluid percussion injury in the rat brain.

Traumatic brain injuries damage neurons and cause progressing dysfunctions of the brain. Synaptophysin (SYP), a major integral transmembrane protein of synaptic vesicles, provides a molecular marker for the synapse and serves as a functional marker of the brain. This study examined magnitude-dependent changes of SYP in the rat brain 2 days following low, moderate or high fluid percussion injuries and investigated time-dependent changes of SYP in the rat brain with moderate fluid percussion injury 2, 15 and 30 days after trauma using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. SYP immunoreactivity increased in the lateral cortex and in the subcortical white matter, with increasing magnitude of injury and time after trauma. Increased SYP immunoreactivity was accompanied with degeneration of neuronal cell bodies, their processes and terminals as well as glial cell proliferations. Amounts of SYP measured by Western blotting remained unchanged in brains with moderate fluid percussion within 30 days after trauma. These findings indicate that trauma accumulates SYP at injured sites of neurons without changing SYP contents and that increased SYP immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex following traumatic injury reflects an inhibition of synaptic vesicle transportation and dysfunction of synapses, thus providing a histological substrate for brain dysfunctions.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Nerve growth factor administration attenuates cognitive but not neurobehavioral motor dysfunction or hippocampal cell loss following fluid-percussion brain injury in rats.

Lateral fluid-percussion brain injury in rats results in cognitive deficits, motor dysfunction, and selective hippocampal cell loss. Neurotrophic factors have been shown to have potential therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases, and nerve growth factor (NGF) has been shown to be neuroprotective in models of excitotoxicity. This study evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of intracerebral NGF infusion after traumatic brain injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received lateral fluid-percussion brain injury of moderate severity (2.1-2.3 atm). A miniosmotic pump was implanted 24 h after injury to infuse NGF (n = 34) or vehicle (n = 16) directly into the region of maximal cortical injury. Infusions of NGF continued until the animal was killed at 72 h, 1 week, or 2 weeks after injury. Animals were evaluated for cognitive dysfunction (Morris Water Maze) and regional neuronal cell loss (Nissl staining) at each of the three time points. Animals surviving for 1 or 2 weeks were also evaluated for neurobehavioral motor function. Although an improvement in memory scores was not observed at 72 h after injury, animals receiving NGF infusions showed significantly improved memory scores when tested at 1 or 2 weeks after injury compared with injured animals receiving vehicle infusions (p < 0.05). Motor scores and CA3 hippocampal cell loss were not significantly different in any group of NGF-treated animals when compared with controls. These data suggest that NGF administration, in the acute, posttraumatic period following fluid-percussion brain injury, may have potential in improving post-traumatic cognitive deficits.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Abdominal examination: role of percussion and auscultation.

Clinicians should not minimize or overlook the importance of percussion of the liver and the spleen and of auscultation over the liver as routine parts of abdominal examination. Splenic percussion can be used to detect splenomegaly even before the spleen becomes palpable. The span of liver dullness on percussion can be compared with established normal standards to detect hepatomegaly or alterations caused by cirrhosis. A systolic bruit, a friction rub, or a venous hum detected by auscultation over the liver is an important sign of liver disease.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1998

Theoretical Analysis of Percussive Tests of Products.

The goal of theoretical research is to establish parameters, which have to be given in standards for percussive tests of products. Those parameters are essential for each user to be able to construct identical (equivalent) testing equipment. This would ensure identical results for identical products. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the distribution and the value of the forces generated during percussive collisions of two bodies. Elastic, plastic, and elastoplastic collisions are considered. Parameters determining the coefficient of restitution, the courses of energy, momenta, and the values of the forces in colliding elements are determined. The dynamic force acting on a product during a percussive test was studied.

analysis↗
PubMed1994

Different cerebral hemodynamic responses following fluid percussion brain injury in the newborn and juvenile pig.

The present study was designed to characterize the influence of early developmental changes on the relationship among systemic arterial pressure, cerebral hemodynamics, and cerebral oxygenation during the first 3 h following percussion brain injury. Anesthetized newborn (1-5 days old) and juvenile (3-4 weeks old) pigs equipped with a closed cranial window were connected to a percussion device consisting of a saline-filled cylindrical reservoir with a metal pendulum. Brain injury of moderate severity (1.9-2.3 atm) was produced by allowing the pendulum to strike a piston on the cylinder. Mean arterial blood pressure increased after brain injury in juveniles (68 +/- 4 to 93 +/- 2 mm Hg within 3 min, n = 6), whereas it decreased after injury in newborns (70 +/- 3 to 51 +/- 3 mm Hg within 3 min, n = 6). Fluid percussion brain injury decreased pial artery diameter more in newborns (132 +/- 5 to 110 +/- 5 microns within 10 min, n = 5) than in juveniles (141 +/- 3 to 133 +/- 3 microns within 10 min, n = 5). Pial arterioles constricted to a greater extent than small pial arteries following brain injury in both age groups. Within 30 sec, brain injury produced a transient increase in cerebral hemoglobin O2 saturation (27 +/- 4%, n = 5) that was reversed to a profound decrease in cerebral hemoglobin O2 saturation (45 +/- 2%, n = 5) in the newborn as measured by near infrared spectroscopy. In contrast, brain injury produced modest increases in hemoglobin O2 saturation (10 +/- 1%, n = 5), followed by mild desaturation (4 +/- 1%, n = 5) in juveniles. Additionally, regional cerebral blood flow was reduced within 10 min of injury in both newborn and juvenile pigs and remained depressed for 180 min in newborns. In contrast, cerebral blood flow returned to control values within 180 min in juveniles. These data show that the effects of comparable brain injury level were very different in newborn and juvenile pigs. Further, these data suggest that reductions in cerebral blood flow following brain injury are more dependent on changes in reactivity of arterioles. Finally, these data suggest that the decrease in cerebral oxygenation, an index of metabolism, coupled with reduced cerebral blood flow, could result in profound hypoperfusion after brain injury.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Shifting percussion dullness of the chest: a sign of pleural effusion.

Early physicians diagnosed pleural effusion by detecting shifting percussion dullness of the chest. However, the lateral decubitus positions have not been routinely used to distinguish this condition from atelectasis or pneumonia. In this report, postural alterations of percussion dullness established the diagnosis of pleural effusion in a 49-year-old patient with a cough. Percussion in the lateral decubitus positions may enhance the value of examinations of the chest.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Transmission of sound generated by sternal percussion.

We indirectly determined the transmission path of sound generated by sternal percussion in five healthy subjects. We percussed the sternum of each subject while recording the output audio signal at the posterior left and right upper and lower lung zones. Sound measurements were done during apnea at functional residual capacity, total lung capacity, and residual volume both with the lungs filled with air and with an 80% He-20% O2 (heliox) gas mixture. Three acoustic indexes were calculated from the output sound pulse: the peak-to-peak amplitude, the peak frequency, and the mid-power frequency. We found that the average values of all indexes tended to be greater in the upper than in the ipsilateral lower lung zones. In the upper zones, peak-to-peak amplitude was greater at total lung capacity and residual volume than at functional residual capacity. Replacing air with heliox did not change these results. These experiments, together with others performed during Mueller and Valsalva maneuvers, suggest that resonance of the chest cage is the predominant factor determining the transmission of sternal percussion sounds to the posterior chest wall. The transmission seems to be only minimally affected by the acoustic characteristics of the lung parenchyma.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A lateral fluid percussion model for the experimental severe brain injury and a morphological study in the rats].

Few morphological studies have been reported on fluid-percussion experimental models using mechanically induced severe brain injury have been reported. This study was initiated to evaluate microscopic and immunohistochemical findings in severe brain injury models using rats. The experimental rats and the methods used were the same as described for a fluid-percussion model. Fluid-percussion models of traumatic brain injury were produce by rapidly injecting fluid volume into the epidural space of the temporal lobe. We used 5 rats which sustained various degrees of injury by high (7.0 atm), medium (5.6 atm) and low (3.5 atm) magnitudes of impact and sham control. The rats were sacrificed and perfused transcardially with buffer solution followed by 2.5% glutaraldehyde at intervals of 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days, and there were normal and sham control groups. In this immunohistochemical study, monoclonal antibody to 70 kilodalton neurofilament subunit was used in a standard Avidin-Biotin Complex Kit (DAKO). Microscopic findings revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage, lateral IIIrd ventricular hemorrhage, and rarefaction and petechial hemorrhage of the local contusional lesion. In the medium level injury, there was a marked petechial hemorrhage in the corpus callosum and subependymal area. In the high level injury, there was marked edema in the white matter of the ipsi- and contralateral cerebral hemisphere, and multiple petechial hemorrhage in the brain stem and cerebellum. Microscopic findings in the corpus callosum, subependyma and brain stem in the vicinity of petechial hemorrhage revealed a large number of axonal swellings, but in these specimens only a few typical axonal retraction balls were seen with Bodian and immunohistochemical stains. In conclusion, this experimental model seems to simulate local and diffuse shearing injury, showing various morphological characteristics of diffuse axonal injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A comparison of manual to mechanical chest percussion for clearance of alveolar material in patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (phospholipidosis).

To our knowledge, there are no studies that compare the effectiveness of manual chest percussion (MN), mechanical chest percussion (MC), and no percussion (NP) for removing the proteinaceous material found in the alveoli of patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) while undergoing whole-lung bronchopulmonary lavage (BPL). We analyzed the optical densities (OD) of 27 bottles of effluent from three BPLs of a patient with PAP. One technique was used per bottle. The order of techniques was balanced within each nine-bottle series and among the three BPLs. The mean OD for MN (0.933 +/- 0.494) was significantly superior to MC (0.477 +/- 0.265) (p < 0.0005) and NP (0.318 +/- 0.242) (p < 0.0001). We conclude that MN is superior to MC and NP and increases the therapeutic results of BPL for PAP.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Rapid clinical diagnosis of pulmonary abnormalities in HIV-seropositive patients by auscultatory percussion.

A prospective, blinded study of pulmonary findings in hospitalized patients with HIV infection compared auscultatory percussion (AusP) with conventional percussion (ConP) and conventional auscultation (ConA) using chest radiographs as the gold standard. Sixty-three patients had chest radiographs and were examined by one to three examiners. Seventy of the 126 lungs had radiographic abnormalities (55.6 percent). Auscultatory percussion proved to be the most sensitive of all techniques for each examiner (range, 51.0 to 69.6 percent) for detecting radiographic abnormalities and also had higher likelihood ratios for two of the three examiners; AusP also had the highest likelihood ratio pooled across examiners. Of the 166 abnormal results of lung examinations, the combination of AusP and ConA detected 31 more abnormalities than ConP and ConA combined, with 14 of these being diagnosed with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. No abnormalities were detected by ConP that were not detected by AusP. These findings suggest that AusP, a rapid clinical maneuver, is more sensitive and specific than ConA and ConP in determining pulmonary abnormalities in HIV-infected inpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cerebral energy metabolism following fluid-percussion brain injury in cats.

Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that head injury can cause alterations of cerebral energy metabolism. However, the etiology of this metabolic perturbation is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of fluid-percussion trauma on cerebral energy metabolism. Seven ventilated, chloralose-anesthetized cats were subjected to a 3.2-atm fluid-percussion brain injury. Before and for 8 hours after trauma, continuous phosphorus-3 1 magnetic resonance spectrography was obtained to noninvasively monitor tissue pH, phosphocreatine (PCr), and inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels. Measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) by the radioactive microsphere technique and calculation of oxygen and glucose consumption (CMRO2 and CMRG1) were also performed before trauma as well as 30 minutes and 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours after trauma. The data showed a moderate decrease in tissue pH from 7.04 to 6.89 at 30 minutes following trauma with return to control levels by 3 hours posttrauma. During the 8-hour observation period, CBF, CMRO2, and CMRG1 remained at control levels. Tissue PCr and Pi levels were also unchanged. Fluid-percussion trauma at the 3.2-atm level in ventilated cats causes a moderate and transient decrease in tissue pH that returns to control levels after trauma. No other metabolic changes are seen later than 30 minutes posttrauma. This indicates that a mild metabolic disturbance occurs after trauma in the ventilated animal and quickly returns to normal.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudo-dental pain and sensitivity to percussion.

Two case reports examine a little-known cause of dental pain and sensitivity to percussion. Contrary to the traditional assumption that pain and sensitivity to percussion almost always are diagnostic of pulpal inflammation and/or necrosis, these symptoms actually may be referred to the sensitive tooth from trigger points in the masticatory muscles. Therefore, myofascial pain syndrome must be ruled out in patients who have dental pain and display sensitivity to percussion.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Auscultatory percussion: an added dimension in physical diagnosis.

The combination of both auscultation and percussion in the diagnostic examination improves both auscultation and percussion and, in so doing, increases the skill of palpation. Auscultatory percussion (AP) is easy to learn, easy to use and requires little time to perform. The size of normal organs and the size of abnormal masses as determined by AP are usually similar to measurements determined by X-rays and CT scans. Abnormalities found by AP need to be evaluated and confirmed by other diagnostic procedures. AP brings increased precision to physical diagnosis and is felt to be a valuable addition to medical practice.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Two new methods of percussion.

Existing methods of percussion have been reviewed and their drawbacks enumerated. Two new methods of percussion, single hand, and four methods have been described. It has been claimed that the new methods of percussion are better than the existing methods.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Accuracy of palpation and percussion manoeuvres in the diagnosis of splenomegaly.

A study was conducted on 80 patients admitted in a teaching hospital to see the accuracy of two palpatory methods (Supine palpation and Middleton's manoeuvre) and three percussion methods (Traube's space percussion, Castell's and Nixon's manoeuvres) in the diagnosis of splenomegaly. Ultrasonographic findings were considered as gold standard for diagnosing splenomegaly. Mean age of study subjects was 31.5 years and mean Quetelet's index was 17.8 +/- 2.6 kg/m2. Sensitivity of Middleton's and Castell's manoeuvres was similar (85.7%) and higher than other manoeuvres. Nixon's manoeuvre had the least sensitivity (66.7%). Specificity was highest (92.1%) with supine palpation and least (31.6%) with Castell's manoeuvre. Supine palpation showed highest positive predictive value (91.7%). Receiver Operating Characteristics curves showed greater area with middleton's manoeuvre (0.93) followed by supine palpation (0.92), Castell's manoeuvre (0.75) and Traube's space percussion (0.74), the findings of the study suggests that palpatory methods like Middeton's manoeuvre and Supine palpation should be routinely used for diagnosing splenomegaly among non-obese individuals.

Adolescent↗