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PubMed1969

Parasiticides.

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Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1993

Induction of macrophage parasiticidal activity by Staphylococcus aureus and exotoxins through the nitric oxide synthesis pathway.

Murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated in vitro with killed Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus or its membrane components in the presence of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) expressed high levels of nitric oxide (NO) synthase and produced large amounts of NO in a dose-dependent manner. This is not due to the contamination by Gram-negative endotoxin because the stimulatory activity was not affected by the addition of polymyxin B. The expression of the NO synthase and the synthesis of NO by macrophages stimulated with toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or killed whole S. aureus together with IFN-gamma was inhibited by the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone or by the specific inhibitor of NO synthesis, L-N-iminoethyl-ornithine (L-NIO). The exotoxins together with IFN-gamma also activated macrophages to kill the intracellular parasite Leishmania major. The leishmanicidal activity was completely inhibited by L-NIO.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Percutaneous absorption of DDT from a parasiticide used for treatment of scabies.

Moderately to markedly increased plasma concentrations of DDT and its major metabolite DDE were found in 3 boys 4, 7 and 9 years of age and also in a 50-year-old woman who, because of suspected or proven scabies infection, had all repeatedly received between 7 and 200 applications of Tenutex (a DDT-containing scabicide) during recent years. Normal values were found in 4 untreated children and in 2 children who had been treated with Tenutex four and three times respectively. In 9 adults there was no significant increase in the plasma concentrations of DDT and DDE after a single 24-hour treatment with Tenutex. These results indicate that DDT, a known constituent of the scabicide Tenutex, can be percutaneously absorbed and lead to measurably increased plasma concentrations after repeated application, especially in children.

Administration, Topical↗