Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Night Terrors”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

Night terrors.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Episodic sleep disorders (parasomnias).

In the vast majority of patients with parasomnias, the evaluation can be accomplished in the office setting, based on information from the patients themselves and family members or other observers of the nocturnal events. Parasomnias are episodic sleep disorders that include sleepwalking, night terrors, and nightmares. All three conditions are more prevalent in childhood, when developmental factors appear to be responsible for their occurrence; in the much less frequent cases of a delayed onset or persistence in adulthood, psychopathologic states are often primary in their cause. Based on a number of clinical, physiologic, and etiopathogenetic similarities between sleepwalking and night terrors, these two conditions appear to fall along the same pathophysiologic and therefore nosologic continuum. They are both disorders of impaired arousal, characterized by various degrees of confusion, and they occur early in the night when slow-wave sleep predominates, whereas nightmares may occur at any time of the night, because they are closely associated with REM sleep. Another important issue relating to the assessment of parasomnias is to differentiate between nightmares and night terrors: in addition to the different time of night for their occurrence, nightmares are accompanied by much less anxiety, vocalization, motility, and autonomic discharge. Also, nightmare patients usually have vivid and elaborate recall for the event, whereas patients with night terrors are typically amnesic for their episodes, as are patients who sleepwalk. A mainstay in the management of sleepwalking and night terrors is instructing the patients and their family members to provide for adequate safety measures to prevent accidents that may occur during these events.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[understanding of pavor nocturnus in adults. Discussion of a case using polygraphy and infrared light video recording].

Direct observations of night terrors in adults are rare. Our understanding of this sleep disorder is therefore fragmentary. In a single-case study, 17 night terror attacks and 5 utterances of sleep talking were examined by polygraphic and infrared-video recordings, which provided new material. These observations are compared with the literature and discussed under 3 aspects. 1) Phenomenology of behaviour: The behaviour following the initial stereotype terror attacks was found to be extremely expressive, especially in the nonverbal dimension. Mainly defensive or counteraggressve patterns were acted out. As to the contents of verbal utterances self-assertion and sexuality were main themes. In contrast to the stereotype of the initial terror, the patient's reaction seems specific for the individual and therefore psychodynamically relevant. -2) Psychophysiology: Broughton's disorder of arousal-hypothesis, which actually refers to the James-Lange-theory of emotions, is rejected in favour of the concept that the initial terror elicits an emergency state (Cannon). For the discrimination between night terrors and sleep talking, basic skin resistance is a reliable psychophysiological parameter proving full accordance with behavioural criteria. Increases in heart rate are partially due to intense emotions during an attack. -3) Psychiatric considerations of pathogenesis and aetiology: The night terror attack is considered as a psychogenic dissociative state during which suppressed aggressive impulses are acted out. Psychoanalytic interpretations should focus primarily on the defense and aggression rather than the anxiety of the initial terror. The aetiology of this disorder is still unknown. It seems likely that dispositional factors are involved.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Prevalence of sleep disorders in school children between 11 and 15 years of age].

UNLABELLED: Little is known about sleep disorders in children and adolescents that might affect physical and emotional well-being. Depending on age and size of the cohort group, and differences in questionnaires, prevalence varies between 1-43% in international studies. We examined the prevalence of symptoms characteristic of sleep disorders in school aged children with a questionnaire which allows indication of symptoms by the children themselves. METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire, based on the German Dresden questionnaire, with 22 questions concerning the main symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), general symptoms of para- and insomnia as well as sociodemographic data, was developed. 332 pupils (age: 11-15 y, mean: 12.75 y; median: 12 y; 56% female, 44% male) in 2 high schools in Vienna were investigated. RESULTS: 28% (n = 93/332) of the examined group reported snoring (the main symptom of OSAS) and/or insomnia (night waking almost every night) or parasomnia (nightmares, night terrors or sleepwalking almost every night). 15% (n = 14/93) of this subgroup reported snoring and para- or insomnia coincidentally. Girls were affected more frequently than boys by nocturnal awakening (79% vs. 56%, p < 0.001) and nightmares (64% vs. 52%, p < 0.01). The snoring group (21% (71/332) of all examined children) was affected more frequently by mouth dryness (16% vs. 4%, p < 0.001), pallor (7% vs. 3%, p < 0.01), night sweats (6% vs. 1%, p < 0.05) and from the following sleep disorders: nightmares (10% vs. 2%, p < 0.01), night terrors (4% vs. 1.5%, p < 0.001), sleepwalking (1.4% vs. 1%, p < 0.05) and nocturnal awakening (16% vs. 5%, p < 0.01). DISCUSSION: Almost every fifth child reports about at least one main symptom characteristic of OSAS. The statistically significant relation between symptoms of OSAS and non-organic sleep disorders shows the necessity of interdisciplinary focusing on sleep disorders. Further epidemiological studies need to be carried out in order to clarify the role of sleep anamnesis in the diagnosis and management of sleep disorders during childhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Statistical genetic analysis of some problem behaviors during sleep in childhood--estimation of genetic and environmental factors influencing multiple health phenomena simultaneously].

This study was conducted to clarify the genetic and environmental factors for some problem behaviors during sleep in childhood, namely sleep talking, half-sleeping, night terrors and nocturnal enuresis. The subjects were 881 pairs of twins, consisting of 609 monozygotic (279 male-male, 330 female-female) and 272 dizygotic (86 male-male, 84 female-female, 102 opposite-sexed). They were all applicants to the junior high school affiliated with Tokyo University from 1981 to 1998. The twins' mothers had previously completed a medical questionnaire and had been interviewed by three to five interviewers. With regard to the above mentioned four traits, they selected one answer from the choices 'often', 'sometimes' 'never' and 'unknown' for each twin. The interviewer checked the answers and, where necessary, explained the meaning of any terms such as "night terrors". Genetic analysis was performed as follows. First the answers were summarized in the form of a 2 x 2 contingency table; 'often' and 'sometimes' were included in one category. Then, tetrachoric correlations of the contingency table were calculated according to zygosity using the program package PRELIS2. Furthermore, covariance structure analysis was performed for several genetic models using the program package LISREL8. The results were as follows. Univariate genetic analysis showed that all four traits were under genetic control. Sleep talking, half-sleeping and night terrors were under strong or moderate genetic control. As to nocturnal enuresis, the genetic effect was moderate and shared environmental factors played an important role. Sex difference was observed in the case of half-sleeping and enuresis. Moreover these traits tended to occur together, and sleep talking, half-sleeping and night terrors shared common genetic and environmental factors in addition to specific genetic and environmental factors.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Somnambulism and pavor nocturnus--review and case report].

A case of night terror with sleepwalking in an adult patient is described. Sleep polygraphic data are presented. The literature related to sleepwalking, night terror and its treatment is reviewed. The psychopathologic patterns of sleepwalking and night terror are illustrated and the differentiations of parasomnias and epileptic seizures discussed. The clinical applications of these findings are described and practical recommendations made for the management of NON-REM parasomnia.

Arousal↗
PubMed2000

Development of parasomnias from childhood to early adolescence.

OBJECTIVES: This study examines the prevalence and developmental changes of parasomnias and assesses gender differences, relationships between parasomnias, and associations with anxiety and family adversity using data collected during the course of a longitudinal study of a representative sample of children from Québec. METHOD: The present analyses are based on results available for 664 boys and 689 girls for whom mothers have completed questions concerning demographics, parasomnias, and anxiety level. For the prevalence and developmental aspects of parasomnias, prospective data were collected at annual intervals from 11 to 13 years old and retrospective data for the period between ages 3 and 10 years were collected when the children were 10 years old. RESULTS: Somniloquy, leg restlessness, and sleep bruxism are the most frequent parasomnias. More girls were afflicted with leg restlessness, while enuresis and somniloquy were more common in boys. High anxiety scores were found in children suffering from night terrors, somniloquy, leg restlessness, sleep bruxism, and body rocking. Parasomnias were unrelated to the index of family adversity. CONCLUSIONS: Although sleepwalking, night terrors, enuresis, and body rocking dramatically decreased during childhood, somniloquy, leg restlessness, and sleep bruxism were still highly prevalent at age 13 years, paralleling results found in adults. Sleepwalking, night terrors, and somniloquy are conditions often found together. The only robust gender difference was for enuresis. High anxiety scores in parasomnias are reported for the first time in a large, controlled study. Sociodemographic variables do not seem to play a major role in the occurrence of parasomnias.

Adolescent↗