SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Neck Injuries”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

[Neck injuries].

Diagnostic work-up of neck injuries is dependent on vital signs, neurologic status and location of the wound. Patients who are haemodynamically unstable, who exhibit current arterial bleeding, expanding or pulsatile haematoma or respiratory distress after initial resuscitation are taken to the operating theatre without further delay. Patients who present stable vital signs or who are stable after resuscitation are subjected to further evaluation. Penetrating wounds below the cricothyroid membrane (zone I) and just below the clavicle and above the mandibular angle (zone III) are subjected to angiography. Explorations in these regions are associated with considerable morbidity and routine exploration is not warranted. Injuries between the cricothyroid membrane and mandibular angle are easily reached, and routine exploration is recommended. Selective diagnostic work-up with angiography, oesophagography and laryngotracheobronchoscopy is an alternative if available on a 24 hour basis. The common and internal carotid arteries are repaired in patients with focal or no neurologic deficit, and in patients with equivocal neurologic status secondary to hypoperfusion or intoxication. Ligation is performed if reconstruction is not feasible. Appropriate treatment of the comatose patient remains controversial. Oesophageal and tracheal injuries are primarily repaired.

Emergencies↗

PubMed2006

The association of temporomandibular disorder pain with history of head and neck injury in adolescents.

AIMS: To evaluate the risk of self-reported temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain among adolescents in relation to previous head and/or neck injury. METHODS: 3,101 enrollees (11 to 17 years of age) of a nonprofit integrated health-care system were interviewed by telephone. Two hundred four cases with self-reported TMD pain and 194 controls without self-reported TMD pain frequency-matched to the cases by age and gender completed standardized in-person interviews and physical examinations in which reports of previous head/neck injuries were recorded. Odds ratio (OR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the relative risks of TMD pain associated with prior head and/or neck injuries were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS: A greater proportion of subjects reporting TMD pain (36%) than controls (25%) had a history of head and/or neck injuries (OR = 1.8, 95% CI, 1.1-2.8). In a separate analysis, the presence of TMD based upon the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) was assessed in relation to prior head and/or neck injury. Cases reporting TMD pain and meeting the RDC/TMD criteria for myofascial pain and/or arthralgia or arthritis were 2.0 (CI, 1.0-3.8) times more likely to have had a prior head injury than were controls with neither self-reported nor RDC/TMD pain diagnoses. CONCLUSION: The results suggest a modest association of prior head injuries with both self-reported and clinically diagnosed TMD pain in adolescents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Chronic tinnitus resulting from head or neck injuries.

OBJECTIVES: The main objectives were 1) to determine the percentage of cases of chronic tinnitus in a specialized clinic that resulted from head or neck injuries; 2) to describe the characteristics of this population; and 3) to compare patients with head or neck trauma with patients whose tinnitus onset was not associated with head or neck injuries. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of tinnitus clinic patient data. METHODS: Detailed questionnaires were mailed to 2400 patients before their initial appointment at the Oregon Health and Science University Tinnitus Clinic (Portland, OR). All of the patients experienced and received treatment for chronic tinnitus. Patient data were entered into a database and later analyzed. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-seven patients (214 male and 83 female patients) reported that their chronic tinnitus started as a result of head or neck injuries. Compared with patients whose tinnitus onset was not associated with trauma, patients with tinnitus associated with head or neck trauma were younger; had better hearing thresholds; experienced headaches more frequently; reported greater difficulties with concentration, memory, and thinking clearly; were more likely to experience current depression, but not lifetime depression; rated their tinnitus as louder on a 1-to-10 scale; matched their tinnitus to louder sounds on the right side; and had higher Tinnitus Severity Index scores. CONCLUSIONS: Tinnitus is a significant symptom that commonly occurs as a result of head or neck trauma. The fact that tinnitus resulting from head or neck injuries tends to be more severe (and is often accompanied by a greater number of co-symptoms) than tinnitus resulting from other causes should be taken into account by clinicians treating these patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

Pediatric neck injuries. A clinical study.

This review of pediatric neck injuries includes patients admitted to Children's Hospital of Columbus, Ohio, during the period 1969 to 1979. The 122 patients with neck injuries constituted 1.4% of the total neurosurgical admissions during this time. Forty-eight patients had cervical strains; 74 had involvement of the spinal column; and 27 had neurological deficits. The injuries reached their peak incidence during the summer months, with motor-vehicle accidents accounting for 31%, diving injuries and falls from a height 20% each, football injuries 8%, other sports 11%, and miscellaneous 10%. There is a clear division of patients into a group aged 8 years or less with exclusively upper cervical injuries, and an older group with pancervical injuries. In the younger children, the injuries involved soft tissue (subluxation was seen more frequently than fracture), and tended to occur through subchondral growth plates, with a more reliable union than similar bone injuries. In the older children, the pattern and etiology of injury are the same as in adults. The entire cervical axis is at risk, and there is a tendency to fracture bone rather than cartilaginous structures.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Neck injuries presenting to emergency departments in the United States from 1990 to 1999 for ice hockey, soccer, and American football.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the number and rate of neck injuries in the community as a whole for ice hockey, soccer, and American football by analysing data from patients presenting to emergency departments in the United States from 1990 to 1999. METHODS: Data compiled for the US Consumer Product Safety Commission were used to generate estimates for the total number of neck injuries and the more specific diagnoses of neck fractures, dislocations, contusions, sprains, strains, and lacerations occurring nationally from 1990 to 1999. These data were combined with yearly participation figures to generate rates of injury presenting to emergency departments for each sport. RESULTS: There were an estimated 5038 neck injuries from ice hockey, 19,341 from soccer, and 114 706 from American football. These could be broken down as follows: 4964 contusions, sprains, or strains from ice hockey, 17,927 from soccer, and 104 483 from football; 105 neck fractures or dislocations from ice hockey, 214 from soccer, and 1588 from football; 199 neck lacerations for ice hockey, 0 for soccer, and 621 for football. The rates for total neck injuries and combined neck contusions, sprains, or strains were higher for football than for ice hockey or soccer in all years for which data were available. CONCLUSION: The rate of neck injury in the United States was higher in football than in ice hockey or soccer in the time period studied.

Football↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Head and neck injuries among ice hockey players wearing full face shields vs half face shields.

CONTEXT: Speculation exists that use of a full face shield by ice hockey players may increase their risk of concussions and neck injuries, offsetting the benefits of protection from dental, facial, and ocular injuries, but, to our knowledge, no data exist regarding this possibility. OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of sustaining a head or neck injury among intercollegiate ice hockey players wearing full face shields compared with those wearing half shields. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective cohort study conducted during the 1997-1998 Canadian Inter-University Athletics Union hockey season of 642 male hockey players (mean age, 22 years) from 22 teams. Athletes from 11 teams wore full face shields and athletes from 11 teams wore half face shields during play. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Reportable injury, defined as any event requiring assessment or treatment by a team therapist or physician or any mild traumatic brain injury or brachial plexus stretch, categorized by time lost from subsequent participation and compared by type of face shield. RESULTS: Of 319 athletes who wore full face shields, 195 (61.6%) had at least 1 injury during the study season, whereas of 323 who wore half face shields, 204 (63.2 %) were injured. The risk of sustaining a facial laceration and dental injury was 2.31 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-3.48; P<.001) and 9.90 (95% CI, 1.88-52.1; P = .007) times greater, respectively, for players wearing half vs full face shields. No statistically significant risk differences were found for neck injuries, concussion, or other injuries, although time lost from participation because of concussion was significantly greater in the half shield group (P<.001), than in the group wearing full shields. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence that the use of full face shields is associated with significantly reduced risk of sustaining facial and dental injuries without an increase in the risk of neck injuries, concussions, or other injuries.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Soft tissue neck injuries--a review.

The current state of knowledge about soft tissue neck injuries has been described. Much progress made in establishing exact mechanisms of injury and in accurate diagnosis and treatment of injury. Certain symptoms and signs soon after injury has been shown to be poor prognostic factors for recovery. Although much progress has been made in many important areas of concern there is much that remains to be learned about soft tissue neck injuries.

Esophagus↗

PubMed1992

Three-dimensional head kinematics and clinical outcome of patients with neck injury treated with spinal manipulative therapy: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: Finite helical axis parameters (FHAP) of the cervical spine and clinical measures were obtained to evaluate neck function and the clinical effects of spinal manipulative therapy in patients with "whiplash" (WL) type neck injury. DESIGN: Descriptive case series, 1 yr follow-up. SETTING: Three private chiropractic practices. SUBJECTS: Ten consecutive new patients with a history of neck injury, nine asymptomatic, volunteer controls. INTERVENTIONS: A 6-wk regimen of short lever manually assisted adjustments with an Activator Instrument, while acute, four patients received interferential electrotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cervical FHAP during normal movements, neck pain (visual analogue scale), active cervical range of motion and follow-up questionnaire. RESULTS: Based on six patients, the FHAPs appeared to mirror the clinical condition, being markedly deviant from the patterns observed in the control group for at least one or more of the tracking tasks for all but one of the patients. Mean pain scores decreased from 44.1 to 10.5 (t = 4.93; p < .0001) and mean total range of motion increased from 234 to 297 degrees (t = 5.68; p < .0001). At 1 yr, seven respondents noted stability of their symptoms at or near the level reported immediately after the 6-wk treatment period. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these preliminary data: a) FHAPs may aid in diagnosing and monitoring treatment of neck dysfunction, b) spinal manipulative therapy may be beneficial to some patients with neck injury and future study is warranted as a means to promote recovery of patients with neck injuries.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

A reappraisal of penetrating neck injury management.

Seventy-five patients with penetrating neck injuries were reviewed. A policy of routine neck exploration for all wounds violating the platysma resulted in a 56% negative exploration rate. All patients with serious injuries had overt clinical signs preoperatively. A policy of selective exploration is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Evaluation criteria for AIS 1 neck injuries in frontal impacts--a parameter study combining field data and Madymo modeling.

Two situations with an expected higher AIS 1 neck injury rate in frontal impact were compared to a reference situation using a Madymo human body model in three different sitting postures and four different crash pulses. The two situations were reduced occupant weight and occupant with initial forward arm resistance, respectively. Occupant neck motion phases were identified and corresponding possible evaluation criteria were evaluated within the phases. Typical neck kinematics was seen for the two different situations. Occupants of lower weight had a more extended neck in the initial protraction phase and also a generally more pronounced upper neck link angle. Occupants with initial arm resistance had generally greater lower neck link angle at the time when the upper neck link angle was straight. No evaluation criteria reflected the anticipated AIS 1 neck injury rate consistently. In the initial protraction phase, NICmin correlated to expected injury outcome in almost half of the cases. In the protraction-flexion shift phase, Nkm, Nij, upper neck shear force and neck tension force reflected anticipated severity outcome to some extent. In the flexion phase, upper and lower neck extension correlated to anticipated AIS 1 neck injury rate only to a minor extent. The different sitting postures were more influential than the different crash pulses, emphasizing the importance of not only considering the spectra of impact severity but also differences in sitting postures in safety system development and evaluation.

Abbreviated Injury Scale↗

PubMed1996

Management of war-related neck injuries during the war in Croatia, 1991-1992.

From 1 September 1991 to 31 December 1992, a total of 7,043 wounded patients were treated in the War Hospital in Slavonski Brod. Seven hundred and twenty eight patients with head and neck injuries were treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery. Of this number, 187 had neck injuries. Ninety-two (49.2%) of them were treated in outpatient facilities and 95 (50.8%) as inpatients. Immediate exploration was done in 84 patients with penetrating neck injuries. Vital structures were involved in 49 patients: major blood vessels (40 cases), larynx (17 cases), pharynx (8 cases), trachea (5 cases), thyroid gland (3 cases) and esophagus (2 cases). Definitive treatment was given to all of these injuries. Primary wound closure was performed upon exploration in 74 patients who were treated within the first 6 h after trauma. Secondary wound closure was performed in 10 patients with neck exploration performed more than 6 h after injury, and in those with extensive defects of tissue requiring the use of larger local flaps or free flaps. The mortality among patients with neck injuries was 2.1%.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

An evaluation of proposed causal mechanisms for "ejection associated" neck injuries.

A major concern to the U.S. Navy has been the incidence of neck injuries sustained in aircraft ejections. Some of these injuries result in lost work days, some require specialized medical treatment and, occasionally, a neck injury is fatal. The net effect of such injuries is to increase the difficulty and cost of achieving specific levels of fleet operational readiness. At the same time, the occurrence of such injuries reduces aircrew confidence in the efficiency and safety of their escape systems. This study was the continuation of a study reported by one of the authors in 1983 (2), and this paper presents the current results in attempting to narrow the field of possible contributing factors and to possibly identify the more significant causal factors and mechanisms.

Aircraft↗

PubMed1981

Advances in sports medicine. Prevention of head and neck injuries in football.

Statistics on catastrophic head and neck injuries in football provide a more realistic indication of the incidence of serious injuries occurring on the football field than do the fatality figures. These statistics, however, provide no clues for preventing such injuries. Moreover, research using head models, anesthetized animals, cadaveric heads, and estimates of brain tolerance to impact based on studies of actual injuries to the heads of humans has produced conflicting data with respect to the goal of improving the safety record of the sport. To reconcile the data and to provide some solutions to the problem of serious injuries on the playing field, we reviewed the data collected in the laboratory and correlated it with the information obtained from telemetry studies. As a result of combining these two data sources, we concluded that injuries on the playing field occur at either end of the spectrum of offered resistance: when too much resistance is offered and when little or no resistance is offered. We demonstrated that, by avoiding either of these extremes, serious injuries to the head and neck can be reduced considerably. Finally, we discussed the importance of preprogrammed responses by the experienced, well-conditioned athlete. These allow the athlete to avoid either extreme of resistance and, thereby, protect him from injury. Clearly, the data obtained from laboratory and telemetry studies will prove instrumental in effecting changes in the sport of football. As a result of these studies, we can hope for alterations in the design of the helmet, enlightened coaching techniques, and rule revisions--all of which will serve to make football a safe sport.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Neck injury mechanisms during direct face impact.

STUDY DESIGN: Digitized measurements of the intervertebral motions using cervical cineradiographs of 10 volunteers during direct impacts applied to their faces. OBJECTIVES: To clarify the cervical spine motion during direct face impact and postulate some mechanisms of neck injuries. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Neck injury occurs mostly in traffic or falling accidents. Hyperextension of the neck is considered the most common mechanism of the injury because most victims have lacerations or contusions on their faces. METHODS: A low-level backward impact load was applied to 10 healthy male volunteers' faces at the forehead and maxilla via a strap using a free-falling small mass. Cervical vertebral motion was recorded by radiograph cineradiography during the impact. RESULTS: The upper cervical spine showed a flexion motion for both conditions. Consequently, the cervical spine had an S-shaped curvature similar to that in cervical retraction. Intervertebral motions of the cervical spine were evaluated using an radiograph frame taken at the maximum cervical retraction. For the forehead load, intervertebral motion at C1-C2 was flexion, and motions of the lower cervical spine were extension. For the maxilla load, intervertebral motions from occiput-C1 through C4-C5 were flexion. The inflection point of the curvature was influenced by the impact location. CONCLUSION: We detected a flexion motion of the upper or middle cervical spine during direct face impact. In an actual accident, if the cervical spine is forced into similar motion, we speculate that neck injury would occur in this retraction-like curvature of the cervical spine.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

The overlooked blunt component in penetrating neck injuries: three case reports.

Three cases of penetrating neck injury associated with an unsuspected blunt carotid injury are reported. Attention is drawn to the possibility of this rare association, that can cause irreversible damage, if overlooked. Early angiogram and possibly duplex Doppler scanning are warranted to prevent neurologic sequelae.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Face and neck injuries due to resuscitation versus throttling.

Face and neck injuries of 21 patients who died of other causes than mechanic asphyxia and who were resuscitated in connection to dying were analyzed during a 3-year period, 1980-1982. The injuries were predominantly of the type nail impression marks (85%) and showed a regular symmetric distribution tending to form circles around the nostrils and mouth. Injuries inflicted upon mouth-to-mouth ventilation were localized to the nose and at jaw-thrust to the mandibular margins and were easy to differ from those due to throttling. Injuries inflicted on the cheeks upon removal of vomit from the mouth were similar to those seen after violent oral occlusion and those occurring at carotid pulse palpation as indicated by throttling. No fractures of the laryngeal skeleton and no conjunctival haemorrhages were seen.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

The relationship of neck injury and post-traumatic headache.

Although there may be several causes of post-traumatic headache, neck injury is perhaps the most common. This paper primarily reviews the relationship of neck injury, whiplash, and post-traumatic headache. Mechanisms may include structural damage from acceleration or extension of the neck, development of myofascial pain and trigger points, interaction of the trigeminal nociceptive system with the upper cervical (occipital) nerves, and psychologic and emotional factors. Although some healing will occur, the outcome may depend on a number of human factors (awareness of an impending collision) and the fact that repaired tissue is different from normal, uninjured tissue.

Headache Disorders↗

PubMed1998

Prevention of minor neck injuries in F-16 pilots.

INTRODUCTION: F-16 pilots have a high incidence of minor neck injuries. It was hypothesized that pilots who did neck strengthening exercises and pilots who used other preventive strategies would have fewer injuries. METHOD: We surveyed 268 U.S. Air Force F-16 pilots. Subjects were divided into two groups. Group I, the Early Intervention Group, performed an intervention, or not, from the start of their F-16 careers. Outcomes were measured as a percent of pilots reporting an injury during their F-16 careers. Group II, the Midstream Intervention Group, initiated an intervention after sustaining an injury. Injuries before and after the intervention were compared as a median injury rate per 100 h F-16 time. RESULTS: The 1 -yr prevalence of neck injury was 56.6% and for an F-16 career was 85.4%. For every 100 h in the F-16, the risk of injury increased by 6.9%. Only 26.9% of the pilots routinely did neck strengthening exercises. For the Early Intervention Group, fewer injuries were associated with neck strengthening exercises and placing the head against the seat prior to loading +Gz. For the Midstream Intervention Group, a lower median injury rate was associated with neck strengthening exercises, placing the head against the seat prior to loading, warming up with stretching or isometrics, prepositioning the head prior to loading, and unloading prior to moving the head. Interventions not associated with fewer injuries included body exercises and placing the head against the canopy. CONCLUSION: Certain strategies may prevent neck injuries. Prospective research is needed to confirm these results.

Adult↗