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PubMed1998

Full text multilingual automatic morphosemantems for stand-alone or Internet based applications.

The authors present an automatic tool able to provide real-time morphosemantic decomposition of natural language sentences in French, German and English. This tool demonstrates the feasibility of Natural Language Processing on standard PC computers and the technology involved has been successfully implemented in daily used applications in several European hospitals. It considerably alleviates the burden of coding with various international classification and enhances the quality of the final results. This tool, delivered on PC platforms, is highly convivial and provides a versatile interface to any existing applications based on the Microsoft Windows standards. Moreover, all high levels functions have been encapsulated in Object Oriented Components and can therefore be reused using the Common Object Model standards to develop stand-alone or Internet applications.

Classification↗
PubMed1998

System approach for a multicenter, multilingual international telemedicine conference.

Chinese Telemed 96, a three way international telemedicine conference was successfully held in November 1996. Over 1,000 physicians, allied health professional and medical students participated in this conference in Beijing, Hong Kong and London. This program demonstrated that the quality of telecommunication technology was suitable for the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine to use it in facilitating medical consultations and sharing expertise among widely dispersed colleagues. The consensus of Hong Kong participants was that the audiovideo and telecommunication technology used in this conference were adequate. In order to improve overall quality, however, a better co-ordination of the technical support across sites is required. Other felt that the conference suffers from the shortage of highly trained technical staff required to support the communication system. However, following the total evaluation of this conference, it is concluded that while technical support, site and location are important factors in a good telemedicine conference, a well run telemedicine conference is more dependent on a sound planning process and its execution.

Congresses as Topic↗
PubMed2005

Towards a multilingual version of terminologia anatomica.

OBJECTIVE: Terminologia Anatomica (TA) is the new standard in anatomical terminology. This terminology is available only in Latin and English and its worldwide adoption is subdued to the addition of terms from others languages. On the other hand Nomina Anatomica (NA), the previous standard, has been widely translated. Aim of this work was to append foreign terms to TA by using similarity matching algorithm between its Latin terms and those from NA. METHODS: A semi-automatic matching of Latin terms from TA with those of NA was performed using a string-to-string distance algorithm and manual assessment. We used a French - Latin version of NA together with TA and we suggested French terms for TA. Coverage was evaluated by the number of exact and approximate matches. A target of 80% was set due to the superior number of terms in TA compared to NA. Relevance was estimated by manually comparing the meanings of the English and French terms related to the same Latin term. The question was whether they refer to the same anatomical structure. RESULTS: Exact or approximate matches were found for 5,982 terms (76.5%) of TA. Our results outlined that more than 75% of the terms from TA came from NA, most of them were left unchanged and all were used with the same meaning. CONCLUSION: This method produces relevant results, reaching our 80% target. The method is based only on Latin terms and can be used for other languages and for others terminologies including Latin terms.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1995

Another sighting of differential language laterality in multilinguals, this time in Loch Tok Pisin: comments on Wuillemin, Richardson, and Lynch (1994).

Wuillemin, Richardson, and Lynch (1994) claim to have determined that languages learned after the age of 8 are less lateralized than those learned earlier. The authors fail to specify the nature of what it is that is differentially lateralized. It cannot be implicit linguistic competence (the language system), since that has been clinically demonstrated to be false. It cannot be pragmatic and paralinguistic aspects of language use, since, to the extent that these are right-hemisphere based functions, they could not be reflected in results obtained with a technique assumed to selectively tap left-hemisphere functions. Either way, the visual half-field technique used proves to be an invalid measure of language laterality in individuals or subgroups.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Multilingual-bracket and mushroom arch wire technique. A clinical report.

Research was conducted for the purpose of developing an orthodontic treatment technique which would be both hygienic and esthetically pleasing. In order to achieve this goal, the treatment technique made use of orthodontic forces coming from the lingual surfaces of the teeth. The development of the lingual-bracket and mushroom-arch appliance has been reported on previously. General and clinical features of this new technique are discussed in addition to concentration on Class II cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Multilingual translation techniques in the analysis of narrative medical text.

The feasibility of computer translation of scientific and medical documents is controversial. This report describes a minicomputer-based translation system (TRANSOFT) that employs word order rearrangement followed by word-for-word translation and resolution of ambiguities based on context. This translation system was applied to an entire medical textbook written in German and to short medical texts written in French, Italian, Spanish and Turkish. Results suggest the versatility of TRANSOFT for narrowly defined translation problems. As foreign language medical documents and medical records become increasingly available in computer readable form through word processing, computerized typesetting and hospital information systems, computer translation methods may provide a rapid and inexpensive means of obtaining draft translations.

Computers↗
PubMed1987

Strategies for visual word recognition and orthographical depth: a multilingual comparison.

We investigated the psychological reality of the concept of orthographical depth and its influence on visual word recognition by examining naming performance in Hebrew, English, and Serbo-Croatian. We ran three sets of experiments in which we used native speakers and identical experimental methods in each language. Experiment 1 revealed that the lexical status of the stimulus (high-frequency words, low-frequency words, and nonwords) significantly affected naming in Hebrew (the deepest of the three orthographies). This effect was only moderate in English and nonsignificant in Serbo-Croatian (the shallowest of the three orthographies). Moreover, only in Hebrew did lexical status have similar effects on naming and lexical decision performance. Experiment 2 revealed that semantic priming effects in naming were larger in Hebrew than in English and completely absent in Serbo-Croatian. Experiment 3 revealed that a large proportion of nonlexical tokens (nonwords) in the stimulus list affects naming words in Hebrew and in English, but not in Serbo-Croatian. These results were interpreted as strong support for the orthographical depth hypothesis and suggest, in general, that in shallow orthographies phonology is generated directly from print, whereas in deep orthographies phonology is derived from the internal lexicon.

Discrimination Learning↗
PubMed1998

Restoring the Tower of Babel: building a multilingual thesaurus on health promotion.

In 1994 the International Union for Health Promotion and Health Education, Regional Office for Europe (IUHPE/EURO), began a thesaurus project in the field of health promotion and health education, in collaboration with terminologists and health promotion specialists from various European countries. This article describes the different phases of the international project. Special attention is paid to the origin of the project and the international cooperative imperative needed to bring such a project to fruition.

Europe↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outreach to multiethnic, multicultural, and multilingual women for breast cancer and cervical cancer education and screening: a model using professional and volunteer staffing.

Reaching low-income women from diverse ethnic and cultural communities for the purpose of breast and cervical cancer education and screening is a challenge. This article describes an approach used by Center for Healthy Aging in Santa Monica, California, to implement three projects aimed at Hispanic and African American women to encourage early intervention behaviors. Hispanic and African American volunteers and professional staff work together to establish trusting relationships, join forces with community leaders and develop collaborative approaches to achieve the goal of screening about 1,000 underserved women annually and providing education for an additional 5,000 women. Incorporated in the article are lessons learned about working with this population, the communities in which they live and the use of volunteers for these and other projects.

Black People↗