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Results for “Mortality--statistics”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Log-linear models in the analysis of disease prevalence data from survival/sacrifice experiments.

This paper considers the problem of analyzing disease prevalence data from survival experiments in which there may also be some serial sacrifice. The assumptions needed for "standard" analyses are reviewed in the context of a general model recently proposed by the authors. This model is then reparametrized in log-linear form, and a generalized EM algorithm is utilized to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters for a broad class of unsaturated models. Tests based on the relative likelihood are proposed to investigate the effects of treatment, time, and the presence of other diseases on the prevalences and lethalities of specific diseases of interest. An example is given, using data from a large experiment to investigate the effects of low-level radiation on laboratory mice. Finally, some possible directions for future research are indicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Epidemiology of burn injuries in the GDR (author's transl)].

Burn injuries in GDR have a slight decreasing tendency concerning both morbidity and mortality. The distribution of injuries to the districts of GDR can be explained by the distribution of population, not by distribution of industry. The overwhelming share of injuries consists of children with small scalds. Therapeutical results are comparable with results from international literature. Owing to the fact that in last years no further decisive improvement could be achieved, more attention must be devoted to the problem of primary prevention especially to target groups, resulting from anamnestic and clinical data analysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Examining survival data.

This brief review presents a nonmathematical description of the methods used to describe the outcome of patient groups when the time to an event such as death or disease recurrence is of interest. Calculation of the product-limit, actuarial and relative survival curves is described and the underlying principles are explained. Two statistical tests frequently used in comparing survival curves (the generalized Wilcoxon and the log-rank or Mantel test) are described and an example of their use is given.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMed1978

[A modification of the Gompertz plot resulting from the age index by Ries and an approximation of the survivorship curve (author's transl)].

The shape of the survivorship curve can easily be interpreted on condition that the probability of death is proportional to an exponentially rising function of ageing. According to the formation of a sum for determining of the age index by Ries it was investigated to what extent the survivorship curve may be approximated by a sum of exponentials. It follows that the difference between the pure exponential function and a sum of exponentials by using possible values is lying within the random variation. Because the probability of death for different diseases is variable, the new statement is a better one.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A method of mortality analysis: application to breast cancer.

A regression analysis of mortality can benefit from the introduction of certain apparently redundant factors. Following a description of the method of calculating the regression coefficients, data on mortality from breast cancer in England and Wales for 1951-1970 are analysed as a function of age group, quinquennium of birth and quinquennium of death.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

The effect of accessing medical records by date of death on estimates of survival.

An inefficient, but quickly and easily calculated, estimate of a survival-time distribution is described. Conditions for the estimate to be unbiased specify bounds on the length of time a study has been in progress and the way in which people must enter a study. These appear to be frequently met when a large medical registry is examined with a view to establishing base line survival experience for a selected class of patients.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity in Lusaka, 1976.

A prospective study of perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka for 1976 is presented. The early neonatal mortality of the babies born in hospital was 28.7 per 1000 live-births; it was 239.96 per 1000 admissions of those born outside the hospital. The still-birth rate in the hospital-born babies was 25.2 per 1000 deliveries; the perinatal mortality was 53.3 per 1000 deliveries; and the neonatal mortality in the hospital-born was 31.1 per 1000 live-births. The cause of death were asphyxia, infections could injury, respiratory distress syndrome, congenital malformation and intracranial haemmorrhage. If the perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity are to be reduced, much effort and co-operation of all concerned with the health of the expectant mother, and her child are required. Records of birth-weights, stillbirth, and causes of deaths in the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) for the year 1976 have been analysed. The aim is to provide a basis for future comparisons and improvement of the care given to newborns.

Female↗