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Results for “Maxillofacial Injuries”

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PubMed1988

The aetiology of maxillofacial injuries and the seat belt law.

Between the period 1 February 1981 and 31 January 1985, 678 patients with maxillofacial injuries were referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, at Southampton General Hospital. The commonest two aetiological factors in this group of patients were alleged assaults and road traffic accidents. Seat belt legislation in the United Kingdom was introduced on 1 February 1983. The compliance with seat belt usage rose to 90-95% for all front seat occupants after the legislation. The incidence of maxillofacial trauma cases arising in the front seat occupant group of patients dropped from 20.9% (78 patients) in the 2 years before the legislation to 5.9% (18 patients) in the 2 years after the legislation. The difference is statistically significant (p less than 0.001).

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1996

A study of maxillofacial injuries in the elderly resulting from falls.

Falls are a major problem for the elderly, both in terms of the injuries sustained and the consequent loss of confidence and independence. Many studies, both prospective and retrospective, have investigated the possible causes and the resulting injuries following falls. However, no specific consideration appears to have been given to maxillofacial injuries. This survey examines the incidence of such injuries, over a three year period, in elderly patients presenting at an Accident and Emergency Department, and reviews the causes. Recognition of old age abuse is an essential aspect of the assessment of injuries in this group of patients.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1997

[Management of maxillofacial injuries under extraordinary conditions].

The authors analyze the most important conditions of the management of patients with maxillofacial injuries in disaster circumstances. Under extraordinary conditions the injuries are frequently complex therefore the establishment of a precise diagnosis is difficult, and one must reckon with the lack of time caused by the occasionally large number of patients to be managed. Under extraordinary conditions the management of maxillofacial injured can only be solved with compromises.

Disasters↗
PubMed1988

A comparative study of psychosocial data on patients with maxillofacial injuries in an urban population--a preliminary study.

A retrospective study of 75 patients who had sustained maxillofacial injuries was undertaken. These patients were assigned to one of three equal groups consisting of firstly, patients whose injuries had been inflicted by a person who had an established personal relationship to the victim, secondly, where the assailant was completely unknown to the victim, and thirdly, a group where inter-personal conflict was not involved. Psychological, social and clinical data was collected and analysed. A profile emerged of a patient who is 'at risk' from assault by a person well known to them. Two thirds of the victims were female; the victims were exclusively from social classes IV and V, and half of the victims had a previous record of assault against their person. Psychological indices of neuroticism were also higher in this group. This group of patients should be identified, and special consideration offered, including family support and referral to social workers, in addition to alerting their general medical practitioners.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The causes and consequences of maxillofacial injuries in elderly people.

OBJECTIVE: The occurrence of trauma in older people is well-documented; however the incidence of maxillofacial trauma is scarcely reported. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the causes and consequences of maxillofacial trauma in older people. DESIGN: A five-year (March 95 - March 2000) retrospective study was carried out of all patients over the age of 65 years with facial trauma presenting to Accident and Emergency Department (A&E). The information was collected using the medical notes and discharge summaries. SETTING: The Departments of A&E and Maxillofacial Surgery. SUBJECTS: A total of 42 patients' records were examined for study related data. RESULTS: A total of 42 patients were seen during the study period. Thirty-six gave a history of a fall, of which 15 had tripped, 5 had slipped, 3 resulted from a Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA), 1 as a result of alcohol abuse, in 1 a prosthetic knee gave way and 11 gave no cause for the fall. Of the remaining 6 patients, 5 were assaulted and 1 had a wardrobe fall on top of him. The majority of the falls occurred during the winter months. Maxillofacial injuries were noted in 27 of the 42 patients. Sixteen patients had cheekbone fractures, 8 mandibular fractures, 2 midface and 1 orbital complex fracture. Twenty-five percent of cheekbone fractures and 50% of mandibular fractures were treated surgically. Medical history was noted in 27 patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study clearly demonstrates the majority of the facial trauma in the older people can be treated conservatively unless the patients complain of functional problems.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2000

Epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at trauma hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 1992 and 1997.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to review the epidemiology of maxillofacial skeletal injuries in severely injured patients admitted to trauma hospitals in Ontario, Canada, with an Injury Severity Score > 12. METHODS: The Ontario Trauma Registry was accessed to examine the epidemiology of maxillofacial skeletal injuries in severely injured patients treated at 12 trauma hospitals in the province of Ontario, Canada, between 1992 and 1997. Data were collected prospectively, and a descriptive analysis was performed to determine the pattern of maxillofacial injuries, including patient age, sex distribution, etiology of injury, time of injury, and injury profile. RESULTS: There were 2,969 patients that met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 25 years, and men were injured at a 3:1 ratio over women. Most severely injured patients with maxillofacial fractures were injured as a result of motor vehicle collision (70%), with only 33% of the patients restrained with a seat-belt. The temporal distribution of injuries showed that most injuries occurred during evening hours, on weekends, and in the summer. The largest number of fractures was found in the maxilla and orbital bones. The Injury Severity Score of the patients in this study ranged from 13 to 75, with a median of 25. The injury most commonly associated with maxillofacial fractures was injury to the head and neck area. Of patients with injury to the head and neck, most had an altered level of consciousness or injuries to the skull, brain, or cranial vessels. CONCLUSION: Many severely injured patients have maxillofacial injuries. Long-term collection of epidemiologic data regarding maxillofacial fractures is important for the evaluation of existing preventative measures and useful in the development of new methods of injury prevention. Furthermore, insight into the epidemiology of facial fractures and concomitant injuries is an integral component in evaluating the quality of patient care, developing optimal treatment regimens, and making decisions regarding appropriate resource and manpower allocations.

Adolescent↗