Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “MYELOMATOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Myelomatosis with type III hyperlipoproteinemia: clinical and metabolic studies.

We investigated the metabolism of intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL [1.006 to 1.019 g per milliliter]) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL [1.019 to 1.063 g per milliliter]) in two men with Type III hyperlipoproteinemia associated with myelomatosis. In vivo kinetic studies using radiolabeled autologous lipoproteins demonstrated a greatly reduced fractional catabolic rate of IDL, relative to control values (patients vs. normal, 0.006 and 0.025 per hour vs. 0.20 +/- 0.08 per hour [mean +/- S.E.M]) and a greatly prolonged IDL-to-LDL conversion time (45 and 17 hours vs. 5.4 +/- 1.6 hours). In studies in vitro, LDL from both patients failed to bind to the LDL receptor of normal blood lymphocytes, whereas LDL from subjects with familial Type III hyperlipoproteinemia bound normally to the receptor. In one patient immunoglobulin was shown to be associated with IDL and LDL. Thus, hyperlipoproteinemia reflected an impaired metabolism of IDL, probably secondary to the binding of immunoglobulin to the lipoproteins. A similar impairment of receptor-mediated LDL catabolism did not elevate the plasma LDL concentration because of the low IDL-to-LDL conversion rate.

Apoproteins↗
PubMed1978

Leukemic myelomatosis (plasma cell leukemia).

Six cases of leukemic myelomatosis (plasma cell leukemia), are reported. A spectrum of leukemic plasmacellular proliferation was observed in this group: in two cases the plasmacytic leukemia was a terminal event of multiple myeloma, in one of a chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and in the remaining three cases the peripheral blood plasmacytosis was a presenting manifestation of an acute immunocytic dyscrasia. The clinical features, frequencies of extraosseous plasmacytic infiltrations, hypercalcemia and Bence Jones proteinuria, and cytomorphologic difficulties in differentiating plasmacytic from chronic lymphocytic leukemia are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Extensive nodular infiltration of extra-osseous tissues in human myelomatosis. A case report.

The autopsy findings of a woman with myelomatosis diagnosed half a year before her death are described. She had an IgG-lambda myeloma which initially responded to treatment. However, subsequently she developed a condition characterized by massive soft tissue involvement with increased number of plasma cells in peripheral blood. Rounded hard myeloma infiltrates were disseminated through the body, only sparing the adrenal glands and intracranial structures.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Paraplegia in myelomatosis--a study of 20 cases.

A retrospective study of 20 cases of multiple myelomatosis and paraparesis treated during 1966-77 is presented. All patients but one had been submitted to decompressive laminectomy. A close correlation between duration of paraparesis before operation and prognosis was found, eight patients with a duration of paraparesis of several days remaining paraplegic. No particular paraparesisprone patient group with respect to duration of myelomatous disease, Ig class or various laboratory findings could be identified. In several instances radionuclide scan was effective in localizing vertebral lesion. In most patients radicular type back pain signalled vertebral damage and subsequent paraparesis. In many cases long survival after operation and excellent to good functional results made surgery a worthwhile procedure. The importance of postoperative radiotherapy and adequate chemotherapy is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Amyloid vascular disease: cord-like thickening of mucocutaneous arteries, intermittent claudication and angina in a case with underlying myelomatosis.

A patient with established myelomatosis and an IgG paraproteinaemia presented with intermittent claudication. Indurated cord-like structures were noted on the dorsum of the right hand and the buccal surface of the lower lip, and biopsy of the hand lesion revealed massive amyloid deposition within the wall of an artery. Cord-like thickening of mucocutaneous arteries as a presenting sign of systemic amyloidosis in the absence of glossomegaly or other cutaneous lesions has not been reported previously. The presence of intermittent claudication and angina suggested that amyloid involvement of large arteries was extensively distributed.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1975

T and B cells in myelomatosis.

The majority of treated patients with myelomatosis had a significantly decreased number of T cells as measured by both lymphocyte stimulation to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and by their ability to form spontaneous rosettes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Seven untreated patients also had markedly depressed T cells. On the other hand, B-cell numbers' were significantly increased in the majority of the patients as judged by increased lymphocyte stimulation to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and the markedly increased numbers of rosettes that were formed with antibody-coated complement activated SRBC, as well as by immunofluorescence cell markers to monospecific immunoglobulin antiserum.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1978

Myelomatosis and the hyperviscosity syndrome.

Eleven patients are described in whom myelomatosis was complicated by the laboratory and clinical features of the hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS). The myeloma type was IgA in nine and IgG3 in two. In those patients with IgA myeloma the HVS was related to the presence of high molecular weight complexes in the serum. Remission of clinical features was obtained in all patients by plasma exchange. Clinical improvement coincided with reduction of whole blood viscosity and in those patients with IgA myeloma, with a parallel reduction of the high molecular weight complexes. The relationship between the IgA complexes and blood viscosity has been examined by physicochemical analysis of purified IgA monomer and polymers and evidence is presented to show that the IgA polymer has a higher intrinsic viscosity and axial ratio than the larger IgM molecule. The significance of these observations is discussed.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1985

Separation of malignant plasma cells from the bone marrow of patients with myelomatosis.

Complement-mediated lysis of bone marrow cells from patients with myelomatosis using a rabbit antiserum raised against normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells was found to greatly enrich the abnormal plasma cells. Cellular morphology was good and the cells were able to synthesize and secrete paraprotein. This was found to be a quick and useful method of preparing myeloma plasma cells for further studies of their metabolic properties.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1990

Long-term prognostic value of serum beta 2 microglobulin in myelomatosis.

The prognostic value of serum beta 2 microglobulin (s beta 2m) measured at entry, at plateau and at 3-monthly follow-up times has been assessed for patients in the Medical Research Council's 4th and 5th Myelomatosis Trials. Analysis of 1014 patients confirmed the value of presentation s beta 2m of predicting survival in the short term but showed that predictive value was lost for subsequent survival in those patients who had survived for at least 2 years. However, measurements of s beta 2m taken during follow-up were predictive of subsequent survival. The predictive power of these follow-up measurements was very similar to that for the presenting measurement, and again they were only of value in predicting survival in the next 2 years.

Calcium↗
PubMed1976

Erythrocyte enzymes in myelomatosis.

The activity of the erythrocyte enzymes: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, glutathion reductase and ATPase were measured in 8 patients with untreated myelomatosis. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was significantly increased. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase values were negatively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate as measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance. The results support the existence of a shortened red cell survival in peripheral blood related to the degree of renal insufficiency.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1978

Bone marrow studies in myelomatosis.

The percentage of fat-cell areas in bone marrow particles from 22 patients with untreated myelomatosis was estimated. In only 1 patient was the mean fat cell area below 25% of the bone marrow area measured. A negative correlation was found between the area of fat cells and plasma cells, indicating a displacement of the fat cell area by the plasma cells. 28% of the patients had empty bone marrow deposits of iron. However, based on a normal iron saturation of S-transferrin and a normal sideroblast count in the bone marrow, the supply of iron to the erythropoiesis was considered sufficient. All patients but one had normoblastic bone marrows. Using a deoxyuridine suppression test in 10 patients, no biochemical defect could be demonstrated. To judge from the correlation coefficient a minor degree (9-14%) of the variation in Hb values could be predicted from the cellularity in the bone marrow while a major degree (70%) could be predicted from the renal glomerular filtration rate. The results do not support a displacement of blood-forming elements, iron deficiency, vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency to be of general significance in the pathogenesis of anaemia, but agrees with a causal relationship between anaemia and renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Quantification of bone lytic lesions and prognosis in myelomatosis.

Degree and extent of lytic bone lesions were quantified at diagnosis in 69 patients with myelomatosis (MM). longest survival was found in patients with minimal lytic lesions and shortest survival was found in those either without bone lesions or with severe and extensive lesions. Among the 12 patients without bone lesions only 6 were Durie & Salmon stage I and only 1 later developed a single lesion. Based on these data, bone involvement in MM does not seem to be a reliable predictive factor of survival in all cases. This suggests the existence of 2 distinct types of MM: 1 with tumour and 1 without. Lytic lesions could have a prognostic value only in the 1st type.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

A methodological evaluation of 14 controlled clinical trials in myelomatosis.

A methodological evaluation of the 14 randomized clinical controlled trials so far published on myelomatosis was performed. A quite large heterogeneity was observed among the trials, especially in their presentation of patients included and in the criteria applied for therapeutic response. Additionally, none of the studies accounted for the randomization procedure - and particularly whether the randomizations were performed consecutively. 19 comparisons of the effectiveness of various drugs or drug combinations were performed and in 12 of these an insignificant result was obtained. 2 of these with more than 25% probability have overlooked a beneficial effect of one of the regimens of more than 50% and 6 trials of more than 25%. It is stressed that these situations will arise when sample sizes that are too small are applied in clinical trials. It is concluded that internationally accepted criteria for diagnosis and therapy response are needed. Additionally, a more thorough statistical planning, prior to initiation of a trial, and a more extensive analysis of the results would be helpful.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Phase III study of intermittent 5-drug regimen (VBCMP) versus intermittent 3-drug regimen (VMP) versus intermittent melphalan and prednisone (MP) in myelomatosis.

A prospective randomized trial in 96 patients with previously untreated myelomatosis was performed comparing 3 regimens of chemotherapy: (i) Intermittent vincristine, BCNU, cyclophosphamide, melphalan, and prednisone (VBCMP) to (ii) intermittent vincristine, melphalan and prednisone (VMP) to (iii) intermittent melphalan and prednisone (MP). Induction response rates and survival were similar in all 3 regimens. An improvement in relapse-free survival was observed by adding vincristine to MP, but this did not achieve statistical difference (p = 0.10). Patients given VBCMP fared slightly worse than those given VMP. The haematologic toxicity was similar in all 3 regimens, but the tolerability of VBCMP was lower. Although showing no statistical differences between the 3 treatment regimens, the results support the view that a combination of MP 'standard' induction therapy in MM with frequently administered vincristine has a trend towards postponing treatment failure due to development of resistance to melphalan.

Adult↗
PubMed1962

Exfoliated 'myeloma cells' in the urine of a case of multiple myelomatosis.

The clinical features and special investigations in a case of multiple myelomatosis are described. The finding of exfoliated ;myeloma cells' in the urine of this case is thought to be unique, these cells closely resembling the myeloma cells seen in the bone marrow. The necropsy findings indicated that the origin of the cells was from a plasma cell infiltrate of the kidneys rather than from isolated plasmacytoma of any part of the urinary tract.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1970

The investigation of myelomatosis by gel isoelectric focusing followed by electrophoresis.

The relatively simple technique of isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel followed by electrophoresis has been applied to the examination of sera and urines from patients both proved and thought to be suffering from myelomatosis. The results obtained from this method correlate well with those obtained by immunoelectrophoresis. Polyclonal gammopathies can be distinguished from the monoclonal variety and gammaG and gammaA myeloma proteins may be readily differentiated from each other. Ig light chain proteins can be demonstrated in both serum and urine.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1977

Abnormal lipoproteins in multiple myelomatosis.

In a study of the lipoprotein pattern in multiple myelomatosis electrophoresis on agarose gel showed abnormal lipoproteins, named paralipoproteins (p-Lp), in 24 out of 30 normolipidaemic patients. These paralipoproteins were grouped according to their mobility into one or another of the following types: (1) p-Lp1 with a mobility identical with that of gamma-globulin, (2) p-Lp2 with a mobility between that of beta- and gamma-globulin, (3) p-Lp3 with a mobility identical with that of beta-globulin. On ultracentrifugation the abnormal lipoproteins were found to have a density above 1-063 g/ml.

Aged↗