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PubMed1989

[Outbreaks of asthma attacks and meteorological parameters--multivariate analysis].

The correlation between patient visits and meteorological parameters was analyzed among asthmatic children who visited the out-patient emergency clinic at the Teikyo University Hospital during the three years from 1984 to 1986. Data were analyzed with the method of multivariate analysis (quantification theory type II). The major factors affecting the frequency of visits were an air temperature at more than 15 degrees C, a relative humidity at more than 65%, a vapor pressure at more 1013 mb and a wind speed at less than 3.5 m/sec. Multivariate analysis of seven meteorological parameters, the four parameters shown above plus sea level pressure, cloud density and precipitation, revealed that discrimination ratios with the Lag 3, Lag 2, Lag 1 and Lag 0 values were 63.8%, 68.5%, 68.5% and 63.6%, respectively. These results indicate that asthma forecast is possible by the multivariate analysis of meteorological conditions.

Asthma↗

PubMed1983

[Effect of atmospheric pollution (SO2--dust) and meteorological conditions on mortality in Paris between 1969 and 1976].

The short-term effect of environmental factors (atmospheric pollutants, meteorology) on mortality are studied with 8 years of continuous daily data collected in Paris (1969-1976). Mortality data are specified using daily-rate of death, according to diagnosis and age-range. Chosen pollutants are acidity and smoke. Meteorological conditions are identified by synoptic data and local parameters (pressure, temperature, humidity). Relations between mortality and pollution, and their interaction with meteorological conditions, have been described with several statistical methods. Among results, it is shown for example that relation of pollution levels with total daily deaths is not very clear but it becomes very significant for very old population; the strongest relation occurs for deaths connected with respiratory diseases, with a maximum 2 or 3 days after, but possibly later. Climatic factors such as synoptic situation and temperature have also influence on mortality but not so significant as pollution.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Cerebrovascular diseases in Uzbekistan during the critical meteorological days of the "Afghan storm"].

The factors of a specific natural phenomenon of arid Uzbekistan, the "Afghan" wind, were studied against associated meteorological factors and incidence of cerebrovascular accidents. The findings show critical periods in which cerebral accidents and their lethal outcomes become most frequent: winter, spring (January, February and March, in particular). A close relationship exists between the invasion of the "Afghan" wind and cerebrovascular accidents. The day before the wind coming and during the first day of its blowing the occurrence of apoplexies and lethal outcomes thereof sharply grow. Meteorologically, this in explained by multifactorial meteorological changes before and during the wind passage. Prior to it, the atmospheric conditions create a hypotensive-hypoxic effect which later on is quickly replaced by spastic-tonic atmospheric effects. These sharp changes may be responsible for high incidence of cerebrovascular failures.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1994

[Correlation between meteorologic factors and periostitis of dental origin in Debrecen].

Correlation between bioclimatical and meteorological factors is well documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between dental periostitis and meteorological fronts, cyclon and anticyclon. We found a positive, statistically significant correlation between occurrence of warm meteorological front, cyclon, anticyclon and prevalence of dental periostitis. It could have important implications in organizing the work of dental teams.

Climate↗

PubMed1997

[Effect of meteorological variations on the emergence of deep venous thrombosis of the leg].

INTRODUCTION: Recent articles have established a significant relationship between metereology variables and the development of vascular disease. We performed a retrospective study to determine relationships between the development of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limb and certain meteorology variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 345 cases of phlebitis in 1995. We studied the distribution of the number of venous thrombosis per day, per month and per season. We compared certain meteorological data (atmospheric pressure, temperature, mean hygrometery) for days with and days without venous thrombosis and the atmospheric variations during the 48 hours prior to venous thrombosis. RESULTS: There was a significant relationship (p < 0.004) between the mean number of cases of phlebitis recorded per day and season with winter predominating. On days when phlebitis occurred, the atmospheric pressure was significantly lower (p < 0.05). The number of thrombotic events was significantly different on days when the variation was greater than 10 hectopascals than on days when the variation was less than 10 hectopascals (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb was significantly associated with certain meteorology variables. Prospective multicentric studies are needed to confirm these relationships.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Screening of urban aerosol particulate composites for selected metal distribution and their dependence on meteorological parameters.

Local atmospheric aerosol particulate samples, collected as composites on daily 6-12 hour basis, at Quaid-i-Azam University campus, Islamabad, Pakistan, using high volume sampling technique, were analysed for Pb, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn and Co by FAAS method. The monitoring period ran from October, 2001 through March, 2002, with a total of 105 samples collected on cellulose filters, treated in part with the HNO3-based wet digestion method for metal quantification, and for particle size distribution separately. The metal content of the aerosols was examined in relation to dependence on meteorological parameters, such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, sun shine and pan evaporation. Statistical correlation analysis was conducted for multiple metal pairs in aerosols, and the data were examined in relation to meteorological parameters and relevant aerosol particle size fractions. The study revealed no viable strong correlation between the meteorological parameters and metal levels; in general, however, a significant positive correlation was found for temperature. A strong positive correlation was observed for PM<25 and PM2.5-10. For coarse particles (PM10-100 and PM>100), however, a negative correlation was observed. The levels of Na, K, Fe and Zn were found in the range of 1-5 microg/m3 while those for the rest of the metals in the sub microg/m3 range. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed on dataset for source identification and appointment. Largest contribution (33%) was shown by the industrial emissions followed by traffic/road dust (16.7%).

Aerosols↗

PubMed1997

Frequency of patients with acute asthma in relation to ozone, nitrogen dioxide, other pollutants of ambient air and meteorological observations.

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of the daily frequency of registration of patients with acute asthma at the emergency department of a central hospital in the south-west of Sweden with levels of air pollution and meteorological observations. METHODS: A retrospective longitudinal study was made of asthma patients taken from a hospital registry. This information was correlated with measurements of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, toluene, temperature and relative humidity. Patients were from the catchment area of the Central Hospital of Halmstad containing around 120,000 inhabitants. A total of 4127 visits of patients with acute asthma to the emergency department at the Central Hospital of Halmstad were registered during a period of 1247 days from January 1990 to May 1993. The differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique was used to monitor levels of air pollutants over a distance of 1000 m in the central part of the town of Halmstad. Data on temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and wind direction for the time period were supplied by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI). RESULTS: There were many statistically significant correlations between the levels of air pollutants and the meteorological measurements and a strong negative correlation between ozone and nitrogen dioxide. There was a statistically significant effect on asthma visits in children of low temperature and high nitrogen dioxide levels, and on asthma visits in adults of high temperature and high levels of ozone. CONCLUSIONS: There was a different reaction pattern in children and adults with asthma regarding temperature and ozone/nitrogen dioxide. The strong correlations between temperature and air pollution and between the levels of ozone and nitrogen dioxide made the true relation between asthma, air pollution and temperature hard to evaluate statistically.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2004

Meteorological variables connected with airborne ragweed pollen in Southern Hungary.

About 30% of the Hungarian population has some type of allergy, 65% of them have pollen sensitivity, and at least 60% of this pollen sensitivity is caused by ragweed. The short (or common) ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia = Ambrosia elatior) has the most aggressive pollen of all. Clinical investigations prove that its allergenic pollen is the main reason for the most massive, most serious and most long-lasting pollinosis. The air in the Carpathian Basin is the most polluted with ragweed pollen in Europe. The aim of the study is to analyse how ragweed pollen concentration is influenced by meteorological elements in a medium-sized city, Szeged, Southern Hungary. The data basis consists of daily ragweed pollen counts and averages of 11 meteorological parameters for the 5-year daily data set, between 1997 and 2001. The study considers some of the ragweed pollen characteristics for Szeged. Application of the Makra test indicates the same period for the highest pollen concentration as that established by the main pollination period. After performing factor analysis for the daily ragweed pollen counts and the 11 meteorological variables examined, four factors were retained that explain 84.4% of the total variance of the original 12 variables. Assessment of the daily pollen number was performed by multiple regression analysis and results based on deseasonalised and original data were compared.

Air Pollution↗

PubMed2005

Meteorology and the physical activity of the elderly: the Nakanojo Study.

Seasonal changes in ambient temperature and day length are thought to modify habitual physical activity. However, relationships between such environmental factors and the daily physical activity of older populations remain unclear. The present study thus examined associations between meteorological variables and the number of steps taken per day by elderly Japanese. Continuous pedometer counts over a 450-day period were collected from 41 healthy subjects (age 71+/-4 years), none of whom engaged in any specific occupational activity or exercise programs. An electronic physical activity monitor was attached to a belt worn on the left side of the body throughout the day. Daily values for mean ambient temperature, duration of bright sunshine, mean wind speed, mean relative humidity, and precipitation were obtained from local meteorological stations. The day length was calculated from times of sunrise and sunset. Based on the entire group of 41 subjects (ensemble average), a subject's step count per day decreased exponentially with increasing precipitation (r2=0.19, P<0.05). On days when precipitation was <1 mm, the step count increased with the mean ambient temperature over the range of -2 to 17 degrees C, but decreased over the range 17-29 degrees C. The daily step count also tended to increase with day length, but the regression coefficient of determination attributable to step count and mean ambient temperature (r2=0.32, P<0.05) exceeded that linking the step count and day length (r2=0.13, P<0.05). The influence of other meteorological factors was small (r2<or=0.03) and of little practical significance. On days when precipitation is <1 mm, physical activity is associated more strongly with ambient temperature than with day length, duration of bright sunshine, wind speed, or relative humidity. Our findings have practical implications for health promotion efforts designed to increase the physical activity of elderly people consistently in the face of seasonal variations in environmental conditions.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

The meteorological sensitivity of ischaemic heart disease mortality events in Birmingham, UK.

Winter ischaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality events (ME) were identified in order to establish their degree of meteorological sensitivity. Sensitivity was evaluated using regression of surface meteorological and large-scale atmospheric circulation variables on daily mortality for each mortality event. Critical meteorological variables affecting IHD mortality appear to be local surface dry-bulb and dew-point temperature and large-scale southerly and westerly wind components, atmospheric pressure and vorticity. The rate of change and departure from normal conditions of these variables appear to be especially important for engendering IHD mortality events. Associated with IHD mortality are two broad types of weather conditions: (1) blustery westerly flows and rapidly changing weather from the west and (2) climatologically strong northeasterly to southeasterly flows of cold air, which bring rapidly changing and anomalous thermal conditions to the study area. The general atmospheric circulation patterns that produce these conditions are identified and the implications of results for weather and health studies are discussed.

Air Movements↗

PubMed2006

Multivariate statistical analysis of meteorological and air pollution data in the 'Campo de Gibraltar' region, Spain.

A complete statistical analysis of meteorological and air pollution data was carried out in the 'Campo de Gibraltar' region (in the South of Spain) from 1999 to 2002. This is a heavy industrialized area where, up to date, very few air pollution studies have been made. The main objectives of the study presented here have been the characterization of the meteorological and (gaseous and particulate) air pollution conditions in the area, and the relations between them. Multivariate statistical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), have been applied to the data. The results show that air quality in the area is highly dependent on meteorological conditions such as wind persistence and direction, dispersion capability of the atmosphere, and humidity content. On average, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide air pollution, mainly caused by fuel-oil combustion and traffic, respectively, is not very high. However, an important number of exceedences of the limits established by the EU Directive 1999 for PM10 (particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 microm) have been observed in some points of the area. A significant percentage of these exceedences (about 22% on average) are likely caused by African dust intrusions, which usually take place from May to August. From gaseous and particulate air correlations, it seems that anthropogenic activities contribute with about 19% on average.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2004

[Seasonal variation in strokes incidence and the influence of the meteorological conditions].

The aim of this paper was to study the seasonal and Monthly distribution of different subtypes of strokes, and also the influence of the most usual meteorological factors on their incidence. The study, based on the population-based data of the Dijon register of stroke (France), involved 3287 patients with a cerebrovascular event during the Years 1985-1998. The seasonal distribution pointed out a summer decrease for all stroke subtypes. The cerebrovascular risk was the highest in autumn for small artery atheroma infarcts and for cerebral infarcts and, among these later, for cardioembolic infarcts and large artery atheroma infarcts, as well as for subarachnoid hemorrhages and for the total number of strokes. It was followed by spring (total number of strokes, small artery atheroma infarcts, cerebral infarcts) and/or winter (subarachnoid hemorrhages, cerebral infarcts, cardioembolic infarcts and large artery atheroma infarcts). For intracerebral hemorrhages, the risk peaked in spring and secondly in autumn. But the difference from one season to another was significant only for total number of strokes, cerebral infarcts and, among the later, for cardioembolic infarcts and large artery atheroma infarcts. As regards the Monthly distribution, the difference between Months was significant only for the total number of strokes and cerebral infarcts, with a minimum from July to September and a maximum in October for the later. Correlations with meteorological data were found for the total number of strokes, cerebral infarcts, cardioembolic infarcts, large artery atheroma infarcts and small artery atheroma infarcts. They showed an influence of temperature and relative humidity of the day of stroke or of the one to five days before. Correlations with wind speed, duration of sunshine or snow, even if less frequent, could also be found. Such results sometimes differ from those of some earlier studies, for which the climate and the risk factors were not the same, showing that regional epidemiological studies are necessary in order to determine the relations between seasons, meteorological factors and strokes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Assessment of ozone variations and meteorological effects in an urban area in the Mediterranean Coast.

Ozone concentrations are valuable indicators of possible health and environmental impacts. However, they are also used to monitor changes and trends in the sources of both ozone and its precursors. For this purpose, the influence of meteorological variables is a confusing factor. This study presents an analysis of a year of ozone concentrations measured in a coastal Spanish city. Firstly, the aim of this study was to perceive the daily, monthly and seasonal variation patterns of ozone concentrations. Diurnal cycles are presented by season and the fit of the data to a normal distribution is tested. In order to assess ozone behaviour under temperate weather conditions, local meteorological variables (wind direction and speed, temperature, relative humidity, pressure and rainfall) were monitored together with ozone concentrations. The main relationships we could observe in these analyses were then used to obtain a regression equation linking diurnal ozone concentrations in summer with meteorological parameters.

Cities↗

PubMed2000

Meteorological factors of ozone predictability at Houston, Texas.

Several ozone modeling approaches were investigated to determine if uncertainties in the meteorological data would be sufficiently large to limit the application of physically realistic ozone (O3) forecast models. Three diagnostic schemes were evaluated for the period of May through September 1997 for Houston, TX. Correlations between measured daily maximum and model calculated O3 air concentrations were found to be 0.70 using a linear regression model, 0.65 using a non-advective box model, and 0.49 using a three-dimensional (3-D) transport and dispersion model. Although the regression model had the highest correlation, it showed substantial underestimates of the highest concentrations. The box model results were the most similar to the regression model and did not show as much underestimation. The more complex 3-D modeling approach yielded the worst results, likely resulting from O3 maxima that were driven by local factors rather than by the transport of pollutants from outside of the Houston domain. The highest O3 concentrations at Houston were associated with light winds and meandering trajectories. A comparison of the gridded meteorological data used by the 3-D model to the observations showed that the wind direction and speed values at Houston differed most on those days on which the O3 underestimations were the greatest. These periods also tended to correspond with poor precipitation and temperature estimates. It is concluded that better results are not just obtained through additional modeling complexity, but there needs to be a comparable increase in the accuracy of the meteorological data.

Air Pollution↗

PubMed1994

Daily variation of the radon concentration indoors and outdoors and the influence of meteorological parameters.

Series of continuous radon measurements in the open atmosphere and in a dwelling, including the parallel measurement of meteorological parameters, were performed over a period of several weeks. The radon concentration in indoor and outdoor air depends on meteorological conditions. In the open atmosphere the radon concentration varies between 1 and 100 Bq m-3, depending on weather conditions and time of day. During time periods of low turbulent air exchange (high pressure weather with clear night sky), especially in the night and early morning hours (night inversion layer), the diurnal variation of the radon concentration showed a pronounced maximum. Cloudy and windy weather conditions yield a small diurnal variation of the radon concentration. Indoors, the average level and the diurnal variation of the indoor radon concentration is also influenced by meteorological conditions. The measurements are consistent with a dependence of indoor radon concentrations on indoor-outdoor pressure differences.

Air Pollutants, Radioactive↗

PubMed2002

[Dynamics of beta-glucan content during kernel development and its relationship with meteorological factors].

The dynamics of beta-glucan content of two barley varieties during kernel development phase and the effect of some meteorological factors on beta-glucan content were studied. The results showed that beta-glucan content in kernel is both dominated by genotype and influenced by meteorological factors. The model of dynamic during kernel development phase is very similar in both barley varieties, but differs in years greatly. It is showed that the dynamic of beta-glucan content during kernel development phase is completely consistent with those of kernel-weight increase and protein accumulation per grain. The dynamic of beta-glucan content in barley kernel is significantly influenced by meteorological factors, and there is significantly negative relationship between accumulated temperature during kernel development phase and beta-glucan content in kernel.

Environment↗

PubMed2004

Chemical composition and quantitative relationship between meteorological condition and fine particles in Beijing.

The recent year's monitor results of Beijing indicated that the pollution level of fine particles PM2.5 showed an increasing trend. To understand pollution characteristics of PM2.5 and its relationship with the meteorological conditions in Beijing, a one-year monitoring of PM2.5 mass concentration and correspondent meteorological parameters was performed in Beijing in 2001. The PM2.5 levels in Beijing were very high, the annual average PM2.5 concentration in 2001 was 7 times of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards proposed by US EPA. The major chemical compositions were organics, sulfate, crustals and nitrate. It was found that the mass concentrations of PM2.5 were influenced by meteorological conditions. The correlation between the mass concentrations of PM2.5 and the relative humidity was found. And the correlation became closer at higher relative humidity. And the mass concentrations of PM2.5 were negtive-correlated to wind speeds, but the correlation between the mass concentration of PM2.5 and wind speed was not good at stronger wind.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2005

Triggering of ventricular ectopic beats by emotional, physical, and meteorologic stress: role of age, sex, medications, and chronic risk factors.

AIM: To investigate the association of a single ventricular ectopic beat with physical, emotional, or meteorologic stress and the role of age, sex, antiarrhythmic and other medicament therapy and participant characteristics. METHODS: The study included 457 participants who were consecutively assigned to undergo continuous 24-hour Holter monitoring and who completed a structured questionnaire about their physical activity and mental stress. Multiple regression analysis of data on 11 meteorologic parameters, participants' baseline characteristics, and medications they used was performed for subgroups according to sex and age, with 65 years as age limit. RESULTS: Wind speed, low relative humidity, increasing relative humidity, and emotional stress were independent predictors of ventricular ectopic beat, whereas warm front passage showed a protective effect in all participant subgroups (P<0.05 in all cases). Physical activity was an independent predictor of ventricular ectopic beat in women (P=0.02) and cold front passage in men P=0.003). The circadian variation in frequency of ventricular ectopic beats persisted in all subgroups after adjustments for external triggers (P<0.001 in all cases). Among chronic risk factors, familial background and previous myocardial infarction were independent predictors of ventricular ectopic beat in men and younger (P<0.05 in all cases). Nitrates (P<0.03 in all cases) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (P<0.02 in all cases) exerted protective effect in younger participants as well as did beta-blockers in the elderly (P<0.003 in all cases). CONCLUSION: In addition to existence of an endogenous, external triggering-independent circadian pattern, physical, emotional, and meteorologic stress may act as triggers of ventricular ectopic beat in a manner that differs from triggering more complex arrhythmias. Familial background seems to have a significant impact on arrhythmogenesis in men.

Age Factors↗