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PubMed1994

Use of irradiated lymphocytes from immune donors for treatment of disseminated varicella.

Four children with acute lymphocytic leukemia who had disseminated varicella were treated with infusions of apheresed, irradiated lymphocytes from healthy donors who had recently recovered from infection with varicella-zoster virus. Each patient had cessation of new lesion formation and umbilication of old lesions within 24 hours of the first lymphocyte transfusion. There were no side effects attributable to the infusions. A controlled trial of infusions of irradiated lymphocytes should be considered for treatment of disseminated infection with varicella-zoster virus in immunocompromised hosts.

Chickenpox↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibitory serum factor of lymphoproliferative response to allogeneic cells in pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: An inhibitory serum factor of mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) has been associated with successful pregnancy after lymphocyte transfusion in women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). OBJECTIVE: Investigate whether the inhibitory serum factor of MLC is essential for a successful pregnancy. METHOD: Sera from 33 healthy pregnant women and from 40 women with RSA were assessed by a one-way MLC in which the woman's lymphocytes were stimulated with her partner's lymphocytes or with third party lymphocytes. RESULTS: An inhibitory serum effect (inhibition > 50% as compared to normal serum) was detected in 45% of the pregnant women who had at least 1 previous parity, in 8% of the primigravidea, in 29% of those with one abortion and in 58% of those with more than one abortion. CONCLUSION: MLC inhibitory serum factor does not seem to be an essential factor for pregnancy development. Therefore, it should not be considered as a parameter for the assessment of RSA patients.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1999

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma.

Allogeneic transplantation in multiple myeloma can induce complete remission, defined as disappearance of abnormal immunoglobulins in the blood, light chains in the urine and no apparent myeloma cells in the marrow, in about 50 percent of patients. The five-year survival is about 30 percent and important prognostic factors for survival are to be a female, to be in stage I at the time of diagnosis irrespective of the time of transplantation, to have received only one line of treatment before transplantation, to have responsive disease and a low beta 2-microglobulin. Transplant-related mortality is between 40-50 percent, and therefore overall survival is poorer than with autologous transplantation, while long-term survival is similar with both transplant modalities. Although the relapse rate of patients in complete remission is about 50 percent at 5 years, it is still lower than with autologous transplantation. Donor lymphocyte transfusion to patients with persistent abnormal immunoglobulins or relapse may induce regression or new complete remissions. Further studies aim at reducing transplant-related mortality by using peripheral blood stem cells, CD34-selected cells, more aggressive anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral treatment and relapse rate will be counteracted by donor lymphocyte transfusions and perhaps post-transplant interferon treatment.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed2000

[The development of immune-mediated aplastic anemia in mice can be blocked by cimetidine].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of H(2) receptor antagonist cimetidine on the development of immune-mediated aplastic anemia (AA) in mice. METHODS: The immune-mediated aplastic anemia mice model was induced by irradiation and half-matched allogeneic lymphocytes transfusion (ALT). The mice were divided into 3 groups: the irradiation alone control group, the irradiation + ALT group (AA group) and the irradiation + ALT + cimetidine group. In cimetidine group, each mouse was intraperitoneally injected cimetidine at different doses once a day for 8 days. On day 14, the bone marrow histology was examined. RESULTS: In 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg and 2.0 mg x (10g)(-1) x d(-1) cimetidine groups, the percentages of hematopoietic tissue volume in bone marrow were (46.58 +/- 20.41)%, (51.88 +/- 24.94)% and (59.12 +/- 32.48)%, respectively, and all much higher than that in AA group [(19.99 +/- 10.98)%, P < 0.01], but were not different from that in irradiated control group [(53.81 +/- 31.72)%, P > 0.05]. CONCLUSION: The development of immune-mediated aplastic anemia in irradiated mice by half-matched allogeneic lymphocytes transfusion was blocked by H(2) receptor antagonist cimetidine.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1977

Circulation of donor lymphocytes after blood transfusion in man.

Atypical lymphocytes (ATL) appear in the circulation of a large proportion of patients during the first week following a blood transfusion. In order to determine the source of these ATL, cytogenetic studies were performed on the peripheral blood leukocytes of ten adult patients who received fresh blood from donors of the opposite sex. Nine of the ten patients had spontaneously dividing mononuclear cells of the recipient or host karyotype circulating during the latter part of the first week after transfusion. In two patients, the spontaneously dividing cells were of donor as well as of host origin. Six patients had circulating phyothemagglutinin-responsive lymphocytes of the donor karyotype noted from 1-7 days after transfusion. These findings lend support to our hypothesis that the increase in circulating atypical lymphocytes seen 1 wk after transfusion represents the counterpart in vivo of the in vitro mixed leukocyte reaction. The dividing donor cells may represent a subclinical graft-versus-host reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Two cases of postoperative erythroderma.

Postoperative erythroderma is a rare disease of which the clinical course is almost always fatal. It is characterized by fever, skin rash, hepatic dysfunction and leukopenia, and many of the cases occur after cardiovascular surgery. We have experienced two cases of this disease which are suspected to be related to a large amount of blood transfusion. In the second case, we observed genetical mismatch of the HLA typing between the patient and his family members. This observation strongly suggests the possibility that postoperative erythroderma is a form of graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction induced by transfused lymphocytes. The reason why the patient's immunity is so suppressed as to cause GVH reaction is still unknown. Cardiopulmonary bypass and a large amount of fresh blood transfusion are suspected for immune suppression. The fact that postoperative erythroderma occurs almost exclusively in the Japanese cannot be fairly explained, either. Racial homogeneity in Japan might cause immune tolerance in blood transfusion.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1995

[Idiopathic habitual abortion: experiences with active immunotherapy].

The effect of lymphocyte transfusions on the stabilisation and successful outcome of pregnancy was investigated in 30 women with recurrent abortions presumably caused by immunologic factors. Lymphocyte concentrates were obtained from stored whole blood of the husbands and transferred by intravenous injection. Exclusion criteria for this study were the presence of antipaternal lymphocytotoxic antibodies in the patient's serum (cross match) or an advanced pregnancy (> 12 weeks). After transfusion of paternal lymphocytes 19 (63%) women had uncomplicated and successful pregnancies whereas 11 (37%) suffered again from early pregnancy loss. Two out of these 11 patients aborted twice. The probability of a successful treatment decreased as soon as lymphocytotoxic antibodies appeared in the patient's serum (p < or = 0.021). Women with a lower number of abortions before treatment carried their pregnancies to full term more frequently (p < or = 0.03). The number of transfusions, the period between start of treatment and conception as well as the distribution of age within the two groups had no significant effect on the outcome of therapy. A lack of lymphocytotoxic antibodies or their late appearance during treatment give a positive prognosis for the progress of pregnancy. Compared with a fertile control group, couples with habitual abortions showed no significantly increased HLA sharing. Immunisation with paternal lymphocytes in cases of presumably habitual abortions due to immunologic factors appears as an effective therapy with only few side effects. Large, randomised, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trials are needed before drawing conclusions.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1991

Prevention and suppression of autoimmune pancreatic beta-cell destruction in BB rats by syngeneic lymphocytes obtained from long-term normoglycaemic donors.

To prove whether a cell-mediated mechanism is responsible for maintaining long-term normoglycaemia in BB/OK rats with a proved immune attack (insulitis, reduced Beta-cell volume), we transferred lymphocytes obtained from those rats into normoglycaemic diabetes-prone BB/OK rats or into diabetic BB/OK rats receiving a simultaneous syngeneic islet graft. Our results show the presence of a lymphocyte population in the long-term normoglycaemic BB/OK rats, which is able to arrest pancreatic Beta-cell destruction in diabetes-prone BB/OK rats detected by a decreased diabetes incidence following single lymphocyte transfusion. Syngeneic islets were destroyed by recurrence of the autoimmune process when transplanted into diabetic BB/OK rats. Lymphocytes obtained from long-term normoglycaemic BB/OK rats were able to protect the syngeneic BB/OK islet graft from autoimmune destruction in diabetic BB/OK rats, whereas allogeneic islet destruction was not prevented. The phenotype of the effective lymphocyte population is not yet clear, but it is negative for RT6. We conclude that the mechanism responsible for maintaining normoglycaemia in long-term normoglycaemic BB/OK rats is cell mediated, because this property can be transferred to prevent autoimmune destruction of pancreatic Beta cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Lymphedema after radical prostatectomy: a case report].

We report a case of intractable lymphedema of the left leg following radical prostatectomy. The 69-year-old male patient complained of difficulty walking, caused by severe lymphedema. Intraarterial autologous lymphocyte transfusion therapy was performed because of failure of conventional conservative therapy, and the leg edema resolved almost completely. However, the treatment did not improve the penoscrotal edema necessitating excision of the edema and skin graft in a separate procedure. The post-operative course was excellent and the patient's performance status improved to 1 from 3.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Antileukemic HLA-restricted T-cell clones generated with naturally processed peptides eluted from acute myeloblastic leukemia blasts.

Recent studies have shown that transfusions of HLA-compatible donor lymphocytes may induce complete remission in marrow-grafted patients with relapses of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). We investigated the in vitro generation of antileukemia T-cell clones obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a partially HLA-compatible donor (HLA-A2 and B7 molecules in common with the leukemic blasts) after stimulation with a pool of naturally processed peptides extracted from leukemic blast cells collected at diagnosis from a patient with hyperleucocytosis AML. We recovered a significant quantity of peptides that bound to the HLA-A2 or HLA-B7 molecules that were able to induce cytolytic T-lymphocyte (CTL) lines and clones specific for the eluted AML peptides and restricted to the HLA-A2 or B7 molecules. Such CTL line did not recognize the patient's nonleukemic cells, and one clone was able to interact with the leukemic blasts from which the naturally processed peptides had been eluted. Such T-cell clones might provide a rationale for the development of adoptive immunotherapy and could be used to improve the efficiency of HLA-compatible T-lymphocyte transfusions and the graft-versus-leukemia response in patients with AML.

Antigen Presentation↗