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PubMed1981

Libido and semen characteristics of Murrah, Surti, and local buffalo bulls in Sri Lanka.

The sperm properties and the libido were investigated in four Murrahs, three Surtis, and one local buffalo over a period of four months. As regards their libido, no specific features were found for the different breeds. The volume of the ejaculates and the concentration of the sperms were highest in the Murrah buffaloes, but they also exhibited the highest proportion of dead sperms in the first ejaculate. The local buffalo bull had a greater ejaculate than the Surti bulls but its sperm concentration was smaller and the proportion of dead and/or abnormal sperms was higher. Comparing the first and the second ejaculate, significant differences were found as regards the proportion of dead sperms and the motility in Murrah bulls, the sperm concentration and the proportion of dead sperms in Surti bulls, and proportion of abnormal sperms in the local buffalo bull.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Effect of 19-norandrostenololylaurate on serum testosterone concentration, libido, and closure of distal radial growth plate in colts.

The long-term effect of anabolic steroid was investigated in 3 experiments. In experiment I, 500 mg of 19-norandrostenololylaurate was given to 5 colts and a dose of 100 mg to another 5 colts every 3rd week. Six colts served as untreated controls. The animals were 12-16 months old at the start, and 24 months at the end of treatment. In experiment II, a dose of 1 mg/kg was given every 3rd week to 4 colts and 0.3 mg/kg every week to another 4 colts. Six colts served as controls. The colts were treated from 7 months to 12 months of age. In experiment III, 1 mg/kg of steroid was given every 3rd week to 3 foals between 3 and 8 months of age. Three foals were used as controls. Libido and hCG-induced serum testosterone concentrations were studied after the cessation of treatments, up to 3 or 4 years of age. Closure of the right distal radial growth plate was determined between 21 and 36 months of age. Treated colts had lower testosterone levels 4.5 months after cessation of treatment in experiment I (p < 0.001) and experiment II (p < 0.05) when compared with the corresponding control groups. Two years after treatments in experiment I, hCG-induced testosterone levels were higher in treated colts than in untreated controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. The treatments had no effect on libido. The anabolic steroid treatment did not cause premature closure of epiphyseal growth plates in any of the experiments, but closure appeared to be delayed. It was concluded that anabolic steroids have long term effects on reproduction. Their influence on serum testosterone can last for years after cessation of treatment, and they can delay the closure of growth plates which can cause increased susceptibility to cartilage injury during exercise.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1986

Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on libido, seminal quantity and quality of buffalo bulls.

Four mature Murrah buffalo bulls on a regular semen collection schedule of twice a day, two days per week, were injected with 30 mg prostaglandin F2 alpha THAM salt(PGF) intramuscularly 30 minutes prior to each alternate first ejaculation for six weeks. Effects of PGF on time to initial false mount on the decoy, time to ejaculation after two false mounts (reaction time), seminal volume, sperm concentration, total sperm output, motility of fresh and thawed semen and the semen doses obtained per collection were evaluated. Treatment caused significant (P < 0.01) reduction in the time to first false mount and the reaction time for the first ejaculations but had no effect (P > 0.05) on these for the second ejaculations. Values for other quantitative and qualitative parameters did not differ (P > 0.05) due to PGF treatment. It is concluded that PGF at the dosage and frequency of administration used may be of some value in improving libido in low-libido bulls but does not alter the reproductive capacity of buffalo bulls.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of reproductive function among men occupationally exposed to a stilbene derivative: II. Perceived libido and potency.

This is the second of two reports of a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Health Hazard Evaluation conducted in response to complaints of sexual dysfunction among men who manufacture the stilbene derivative 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DAS; CAS 81-11-8), an intermediate in the manufacture of fluorescent whitening agents. The first report [Grajewski et al. (1995): Am J Ind Med 29:53-61] describes results of the analysis of reproductive hormone levels. This second report provides results from the analysis of perceived libido and potency. In a cross-sectional design, self-reported sexual function of 30 male workers who manufacture DAS and 20 former DAS workers was compared to that of 35 workers who manufactured plastics additives in a different manufacturing area. Questionnaire items were examined by factor analysis, reducing the data to these components of sexual function: sexual activity/performance (two factors), interest, satisfaction, and physiologic competence. Adjusting for age, currently exposed workers were more likely than unexposed workers to have a value in the lowest quartile for interest (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5-7.2), physiologic competence (adjusted OR = 1.9, 95% CI 0.6-6.4), and activity/performance factor II (adjusted OR = 5.8, 95% CI 1.3-27.3). Former DAS workers reported problems associated with activity/performance factors I and II compared to unexposed workers (adjusted OR = 2.2, 95% CI 0.5-10.1 and adjusted OR = 6.7, 95% CI 1.2-35.9, respectively). Although the small study size limits the precision of the effect estimates, the pattern of results suggests a possible effect on sexual function of working in the DAS manufacturing area.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1984

Selective inhibition of spermatogenesis in the presence of normal libido following combined treatment with an LHRH agonist and testosterone in the dog.

In order to maintain libido in dogs treated with an LHRH agonist, animals were administered with testosterone in a gel form for percutaneous adsorption. Histological aspect of testis indicate a complete blockade of spermatogenesis after treatment with the LHRH agonist and the addition of testosterone to these animals did not restore the spermatogenesis. The measurement of testicular steroid levels showed that following LHRH-A administration, the concentration of androgens in testis remained low in the presence or absence of testosterone supplement. However, the prostate weight as well as the volume of ejaculate returned to normal when testosterone was added and this observation can be correlated with the high amount of androgens in prostate. The present study supports the use of LHRH agonist in combination with testosterone as a selective method for inhibition of spermatogenesis in the male.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Effects of raloxifene on mood, sleep, libido and cognitive function in postmenopausal healthy women: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of raloxifene (60 mg) on psychological functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 49 women were enrolled in a 3-month case-control study. Psychological testing was performed at baseline and at the end of 3 months of treatment. On both occasion measurements were repeated twice at 1 week apart. Scores were averaged. RESULTS: Raloxifene appeared to adversely affect the performance in the letter search test hence to worsen attention (t19 = 3.55, P = 0.002) but it reduced wakening episodes compared with baseline (t19 = 3.33, P = 0.005). Memory improved compared with baseline both in the raloxifene group (t19 = 2.99, P = 0.008) and in the controls (t19 = 4.64, P = 0.003). No significant differences were found in mood, well-being and indices of sexual activity. CONCLUSION: Raloxifene does not appear to adversely affect psychological function such libido, mood and memory. It may worsen attention but it reduces wakening episodes so it may thus improve sleep.

Affect↗
PubMed2005

Libido and orgasm in middle-aged woman.

OBJECTIVES: Determine which social, demographic and sexual function variables that most influence libido or desire and orgasm domains in the premenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of 231 Colombian-born women, aged 40-62 years. The sexual function was measured by self-questionnaire. The analysis was performed by using the chi2-test and multivariate regression analysis. The sexual function was divided in five domains: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, pain; additionally satisfaction was included. RESULTS: The women with a higher level of education and with a good perception of their satisfaction with their partners, reported better performance in the desire. Age and the non existence of sexual partner influenced in a negative way on the desire. In sexual active women the orgasm was negatively influenced by low satisfaction scores, lack of emotional closeness with their partners and low educational level. High scores in lubrication and desire were associated with a good performance in the orgasm. The hormone therapy (HT) was associated with better scores in orgasm. CONCLUSIONS: Age, level of education, the presence or lack of sexual partner, degree of satisfaction with emotional closeness with the partner and adequate lubrication, influence the desire and orgasm domains in a significant way. By identifying these associations we can then perform some inexpensive interventions. Improving lubrication for menopausal women. Including men in educational activities to sensitize them toward women's feelings. Organizing educational campaigns for middle-aged women to demystify that sexuality is only for young people.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Treatment with percutanous testosterone gel in postmenopausal women with decreased libido--effects on sexuality and psychological general well-being.

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate if percutanous treatment with 10mg testosterone per day could enhance sexuality and psychological well-being in postmenopausal women presenting problems with low libido. Secondary to study the influence on blood lipids, hemoglobin and erythropoietin levels. METHODS: Fifty-three postmenopausal women participated. As a complement to their already on-going HRT, 10mg of a testosterone gel (Testogel, Besins-Iscovesco) or placebo was administered. Treatment continued for three plus three months in a double blind, randomized, crossover design. RESULTS: The scores concerning "frequency of sexual activity, orgasm and intercourse", "sexual arousal, fantasies and enjoyment", "satisfaction with orgasms", and "interest in sex" were all significally improved for testosterone addition as compared to placebo both before and after crossover. Testosterone levels increased more than 10-fold during treatment while DHT-levels were more than doubled. Estrogen levels were not affected during the addition of testosterone. Liver enzymes, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL revealed no significant differences between any of the periods or groups. Endometrial thickness did not change significantly during treatment. Hemoglobin and erythropoietin remained unchanged. No significant differences in the number of experienced side effects were found. CONCLUSION: Testosterone gel of 10mg had positive effects on several aspects of sexual life such as frequency of sexual activity, orgasm, arousal, fantasies and sexual interest in postmenopausal women on HRT. Several psychological variables were positively influenced. The given dose resulted in too high serum levels. Even if no negative effects were observed, monitoring of serum levels and a decreased dose should be considered in future studies.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1984

The control of male fertility by 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane (THP;glycerol): rapid arrest of spermatogenesis without altering libido, accessory organs, gonadal steroidogenesis, and serum testosterone, LH and FSH.

This study examines the effects of intratesticular injection of aqueous 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane (THP; glycerol) solution on male reproductive biology. In a series of experiments, Sprague-Dawley rats of various ages (48-101 days) were injected with 50-200 microliters per testis and various parameters were studied for up to 21 weeks later. While an injection of THP resulted in testicular weight reduction of 45-60% within 2 weeks, the weights of prostate and seminal vesicles were not affected for the duration of the experiments. The number of sperm per epididymis in the THP-treated rats declined rapidly and was reduced by 99.99% (of controls) after the 3rd mating. THP-treated males mated with virgin females at the same frequency as control rats but all were infertile after the 3rd mating and remained infertile for the duration of the tests (21 weeks after treatment). In vitro studies showed that metabolism of 14C-progesterone by testicular homogenates was not altered quantitatively or qualitatively by THP treatment. Serum levels of androgens, LH and FSH of THP-treated rats did not differ significantly from the controls. Histologically and histochemically, the Leydig cells appeared to be normal, but the seminiferous tubules of THP-treated testes were devoid of spermatogenic cells within 2 weeks of a single treatment. It is concluded that direct injection of THP acts as a potent inhibitor of spermatogenesis resulting in long-term infertility without affecting steroidogenesis, libido, secondary sex characteristics, mating behaviour or serum hormone levels.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cimetidine-associated depression and loss of libido in a woman.

A healthy young woman developed marked depression and loss of libido while taking cimetidine. Her symptoms promptly resolved after discontinuation of cimetidine suggesting that her symptoms represent an adverse drug reaction. Mental confusion and other neurologic symptoms have been attributed to cimetidine administration, but depression has not been previously reported. This case can not be explained by the presently accepted theory regarding the pathogenesis of cimetidine-associated central nervous system abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Increased libido in women receiving trazodone.

The author presents the cases of three depressed women whose libido increased to above premorbid levels during trazodone treatment. Two patients resisted discontinuing the drug because of this pleasurable side effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of bromocriptine on affect and libido in hyperprolactinemia.

Six women with primary hyperprolactinemia (mean prolactin level, 50 ng/ml) were matched with six normal women on eight factors influencing life style. Observers blind to endocrine status followed the subjects weekly for 10 weeks. Patients took bromocriptine, 2.5 mg twice daily, or placebo in a randomized double-blind sequence with crossover at 5 weeks. The mean Hamilton score for the patients was compatible with mild depression and higher than that for normal subjects during placebo but not during bromocriptine treatment. Libido was similar in both groups during placebo and bromocriptine. The mean number of orgasms reported per day was lower in patients than in normal subjects during both treatment conditions, although one patient reported orgasms during drug treatment only. Hyperprolactinemia in women may be associated with mild depression and a decrease in orgasmic frequency.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

How libido theory shaped technique (1911-1915).

Freud's papers on technique were written at a time when he could express supreme confidence in the psychoanalytic process, based on his theory of libido. Freud was far less sanguine about the practices of many contemporary analysts; consequently the papers contain far more don't's than do's. From the vantage point of today, these papers portray a transitional stage in psychoanalysis, an age of innocence, in comparison to the complexities of our current view of the interaction between analyst and analysand.

Austria↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of steroid 5 alpha-reductase with finasteride: sleep-related erections, potency, and libido in healthy men.

To objectively measure the effects of a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor on erectile function, we studied 20 sexually active men (aged 41-64 yr) during double blind, randomized administration of 5 mg/day finasteride (F) or placebo (P). Serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were measured every 4 weeks. Sleep-related erections were assessed with comprehensive polysomnography for 2 nights before randomization (session 1) and at week 12 (session 2). Sexual function questionnaires were administered weekly. Serum DHT levels at week 0 were 1.47 +/- 0.11 and 1.16 +/- 0.27 nmol/L (P > 0.05) in the P and F groups, respectively. F group levels fell to 31% and 28% of control values at week 4 and 12. Penile tip peak tumescence time increased on second nights more in the P than the F group at 12 weeks, producing a session main effect (P < 0.02) and a group X session interaction (P < 0.05). No significant group X session interactions were found for any sleep erection measures in a best night analysis or for self-reported sexual activity. Thus, F did not consistently suppress sleep-related erections compared to P. F primarily inhibits type 2 5 alpha-reductase activity; however, type 1 5 alpha-reductase is the major enzyme in the central nervous system. Therefore, DHT involvement in the maintenance of libido and potency is not excluded. Nonetheless, these data support the feasibility of using a type 2 inhibitor to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia without impairing erectile function.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗
PubMed1997

Eurycoma longifolia Jack enhances libido in sexually experienced male rats.

The effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied on the libido of sexually experienced male rats after dosing them with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight twice daily of different fractions of E. longifolia Jack for 10 days. Results showed that E. longifolia Jack produced a dose-dependent increase in mounting frequency of the treated animals with 400 mg/kg of chloroform, methanol, water and butanol fractions resulting in mounting frequencies of 5.3 +/- 1.2, 4.9 +/- 0.7, 4.8 +/- 0.7 and 5.2 +/- 0.1, and 800 mg/kg further increased them to 5.4 +/- 0.8, 5.4 +/- 0.8, 5.2 +/- 0.6 and 5.3 +/- 0.2 respectively but there were no erections, intromissions, ejaculations or seminal emissions during the 20-min observation period which allowed for the measurement of sexual arousal reflected by mounting frequency uninfluenced by other behavioural components. This study provides evidence that E. longifolia Jack is a potent stimulator of sexual arousal in sexually vigorous male rats in the absence of feedback from genital sensation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Measures of libido and their relation to serving capacity in the ram.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the ejaculation rate (serving capacity) of sexually experienced rams could be estimated by selected measures of sexual libido when rams were exposed to estrous ewes under conditions that prevented copulations. Twenty-four crossbred rams selected for either high or low rates of copulation were exposed to two restrained estrous ewes under three treatment conditions that 1) permitted the full range of precopulatory and copulatory behaviors, 2) permitted precopulatory behaviors and mounting but precluded copulation, or 3) permitted precopulatory behaviors but not mounting or copulation. Frequencies of precopulatory behaviors (bouts of leg-kicking and anogenital sniffing) in each of the three treatment conditions and mounting frequency in Treatment 2 occurred in proportion to the ram's characteristic ejaculation rate (P < .001), suggesting that the mating potential of rams can be estimated under conditions that preclude copulation. Frequencies of precopulatory behaviors and mounting were lower when the rams were allowed to copulate, due largely to periods of sexual inactivity after ejaculations.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The effect of energy and protein intakes on boar libido, semen characteristics, and plasma hormone concentrations.

To determine the effect of energy and protein intakes on boar libido, semen characteristics, and plasma hormone concentrations, 24 crossbred boars (1 yr of age) were allotted to one of three dietary treatments. Two protein levels (7.7 and 18.1 g/d of lysine) and two energy levels (6.1 and 7.7 Mcal/d of ME) were combined to create 1) low-energy and low-protein (ep), 2) low-energy and high-protein (eP), and 3) high-energy and high-protein (EP) treatments. Semen was collected two times per week for 27 wk. During wk 28, blood samples were collected before and after a intravenous injection of GnRH (375 ng/kg of BW). The EP boars had higher (P < .01) ADG than the eP boars (373 vs 169 g), which had higher (P < .01) ADG than the ep boars (169 vs 92 g). Fewer EP and eP boars (zero of eight and two of eight, respectively) than ep boars (five of eight) consistently refused to mount the collection dummy (P < .05). During the final 20 wk of the semen-collection period, EP and eP boars had 33% longer durations of ejaculation (P < .04), had 60% greater semen and gelatinous fraction volumes (P < .03), but had 25% lower sperm concentration in their semen (P < or = .12) than ep boars. The EP boars produced 38% more sperm than the ep boars (P < .10). Baseline LH concentration, LH pulse frequency, LH pulse amplitude, testosterone concentration, and estradiol-17 beta concentrations were not affected by treatment (P > .10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Management of the female stimulus during semen collection and its association with libido re-establishment and semen characteristics of goats.

The effect of management of the female stimulus during semen collection and its association with libido re-establishment and the semen characteristics of sexually mature goats was evaluated. Eight 2-yr-old bucks were individually subjected to 12 weekly trials in which one of the following three treatments was applied alternately. In treatment one, each male performed two ejaculations on an estrus-induced, restrained doe and semen was collected with an artificial vagina (AV). In treatment two, males were collected as in the former treatment, but a different doe served as the stimulus female for the second ejaculation. In treatment three, two restrained does were present while collecting each buck, allowing males to choose which female to mount and serve in each of the two collections. Number of mounts before first ejaculation and reaction times (period from introduction of the ram to the test arena to his first ejaculation) were similar among treatments (P > 0.05). A significant (P < 0.05) decrease was found for number of mounts performed before achieving the second ejaculation and for latency between ejaculations in the third treatment. No differences (P > 0.05) were found for semen volume (0.8+/-0.03, 1.0+/-0.03, and 0.9+/-0.02 mL) or sperm concentration (4.4+/-0.15, 4.6+/-0.13, and 4.4+/-0.86 spermatozoa/mL) among the three treatments or between the first and second collection. However, a trend to decrease volume and concentration was observed. It was concluded that the simultaneous presence of two females while bucks are collected reduced the number of mounts performed before the second ejaculation and the latency between ejaculations.

Animals↗