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PubMed2006

Significant correlations between the flow volume of patent ductus venosus and early neonatal liver function: possible involvement of patent ductus venosus in postnatal liver function.

BACKGROUND: The biochemical features of portosystemic venous shunt with high flow volume are hypergalactosaemia, hyperammonaemia, prolonged blood coagulation time, and raised serum bile acid concentration. The ductus venosus remains open with shunt flow in most neonates for a certain period after birth. However, the effects of blood flow through the ductus venosus on neonatal liver function remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the effect of patency of the ductus venosus on liver function in early neonates. METHODS: Subjects were divided into three groups by gestational age (group I, 29-32 weeks; group II, 33-36 weeks; group III, 37-41 weeks). The shunt flow volume through the ductus venosus was examined serially using ultrasonography, and correlations between flow volume and liver function in the respective groups were calculated during the first week after birth. RESULTS: Group I had a higher flow volume and later functional closure than the other two groups. Plasma ammonia and serum total bile acid concentrations correlated with flow volume in groups I and II, and blood galactose and galactose 1-phosphate concentrations correlated significantly with flow volume in group III. Percentage hepaplastin also correlated significantly with flow volume in all groups, but plasma vitamin K concentration did not in any group. CONCLUSIONS: Patent ductus venosus has a considerable effect on crucial liver functions such as ammonia detoxification, blood coagulation, and regulation of serum total bile acid concentration in early neonates.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1982

Effect of surgery on liver function in patients with liver cancer.

The effect of hepatic resection, hepatic artery ligation (HAL), and artery ligation combined with regional infusion of 5-fluorouracil (HAL + 5-FU) on liver function was investigated by liver tests including antipyrine in 20 patients with liver cancer. One month after resection the conventional liver tests except serum albumin were normalized, but the rate of antipyrine elimination was still significantly reduced. This suggests that the oral antipyrine test may be a sensitive reflector of the reserve capacity of the liver. Palliative procedures (HAL +/- 5-FU) had a transient effect on conventional liver tests and a negligible effect on functional liver capacity as determined by the antipyrine test or serum albumin concentration. On the basis of our results it remains unknown whether antipyrine determination provides any additional advantage over serum albumin as a measure of functional liver capacity in localized liver diseases, such as liver tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Hepatic receptor imaging with Tc-99m GSA: estimates of liver function in acute liver disease].

Technetium-99m galactosyl human serum albumin (TcGSA) is a synthesized radiolabeled analog ligand to asialoglycoprotein receptor, which resides only at a mammalian hepatocyte. TcGSA studies were performed on 16 patients with various acute liver disease and 3 controls with normal livers. Dynamic data were obtained by a gamma camera during 35 minutes after an intravenous injection of 3 mg (185 MBq) of TcGSA. The parameters of TcGSA time activity curves were obtained by dividing radioactivity of the liver by that of the liver plus heart at 15 min (Receptor Index), and by dividing radioactivity of the liver at 15 min by that at 3 min post injection (Clearance Index). The two parameters correlated well with prothrombin time, clinically estimated staging, and severity of acute liver disease. We have concluded that liver function study by the newly developed receptor imaging with TcGSA can be a sensitive and promising tool in estimating the severity and prognosis of acute liver disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Propionate loading test for liver function during experimental liver necrosis in sheep.

The first objective of this work was to study the conversion of propionate to glucose by liver of the sheep during experimentally induced liver necrosis. An additional objective was to determine the most appropriate sampling time after a propionate load has been given to use glucose concentration as an aid in the diagnosis of disturbed liver function. Sodium propionate (3 mmol/kg) was injected IV into 6 healthy sheep before and after they were given carbon tetrachloride (20% CCl4 in mineral oil; 0.25 ml of CCl4/kg, orally). To differentiate the effects of liver necrosis from the effects of decrease in food intake after CCl4 administration, 5 sheep which were fasted for 2 days, but not given CCl4, were studied. Microscopically, liver necrosis was observed, as well as an increase of fatty infiltration in nonnecrotic liver tissue. After sheep were given CCl4, the plasma liver-specific enzyme activities (namely, those of iditol dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl-transferase) were elevated. Microscopic and enzymatic changes were not observed in fasted animals. Serum sulfobromophthalein (BSP) half-life (t1/2) was markedly increased in the sheep given CCl4 treatment (t1/2 = 22.8 +/- 11 minutes) when compared with the t1/2 before treatment (t1/2 = 2.5 +/- 0.2 minutes). The BSP t1/2 did not differ between fed and fasted sheep. The t1/2 of the IV propionate load increased significantly, from 6.9 +/- 0.4 minutes in the control sheep to 12.8 +/- 2 minutes in the CCl4-treated sheep, whereas an insignificant increase was seen after fasting (6.8 +/- 1 minutes to 8.3 +/- 1 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Deterioration of liver function following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices--significance of the new liver function test "intravariceal injection (I.I.) index"].

Changes of liver functions associated with endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) were investigated in 143 patients with remarkable esophageal varices. The index used for evaluating hepatic reserve was the ratio between the increase of total bilirubin and the increase of LDH after EIS [I.I. index = (delta T.Bil./delta LDH) x 100] in cases treated by intravariceal injection of 5% ethanolamine oleate. I.I. index value caused by hemolysis was stable and always below 0.2, while the elevation of I.I. index above 0.2 was regarded as the reflection of the deterioration of liver function. After the entire sessions of EIS, the changes of liver function tests before and after EIS were estimated in 104 cases using 3 factors as follows; (1) delta T.Bil.; increase of total bilirubin more than 0.5 mg/dl (2) delta PT; decrease of prothrombin time more than 5% (3) delta ICG R15; increase of ICG R15 more than 5%. I.I. index of group I (without any changes of 3 factors mentioned above; n = 66) was 0.22 +/- 0.16, approximately within normal range. However, in group II (with 1 factor; n = 29), group III (with 2 factors; n = 5), group IV (with all factors; n = 4), I.I. index was elevated according to the severity of their liver dysfunction. The cases whose I.I. index value increased gradually during the course of EIS, were apt to deteriorate the liver functions and therefore, should be carefully observed. Also, I.I. index seems to reflect the prognosis of the patients treated by EIS for some extent, since the survival period of the cases treated by EIS were correlative with the value of I.I. index (r = -0.542, p < 0.01), and I.I. index of 32 cases who survived for longer than 5 years after EIS was almost normal (0.22 +/- 0.15).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function in relation to liver function in men with alcoholic cirrhosis.

Serum concentrations of oestrone, oestradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were significantly (P less than 0.01) raised in men with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (no. = 42) compared with age-matched controls (no. = 20). No significant difference was observed when comparing serum testosterone concentrations. Patients were divided into three groups in accordance with the severity of liver cirrhosis, using biochemical and clinical criteria. Patients with the best-preserved liver function (no. = 11) and patients with moderately affected liver function (no. = 18) had significantly (P less than 0.05) raised serum concentrations of testosterone, FSH, and LH when compared with both controls and patients with severely affected liver function (no. = 13). Serum concentrations of testosterone, FSH, and LH in the latter group showed no significant differences from the controls. Serum concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased in all patient groups, and serum oestrone increased with decreasing liver function. No significant differences were observed concerning SHBG concentrations in the three groups of patients. Dexamethasone suppression did not change the concentration of testosterone significantly, but oestrone and oestradiol concentrations decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) in controls and patients. In patients, but not in controls, a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in FSH and LH concentrations was observed after dexamethasone suppression. The mean percentage increase of FSH and LH was higher the greater the severity of liver cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Importance of determination of monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX)--as a liver function test in hepatology and liver transplantation].

Intravenously administered lidocaine is rapidly metabolised in the liver biotransformation enzyme system through oxidative N-deethylation with cytochrome P-450, accompanied by production of monoethylglycinexylide (MEGX). Changes of the activity and capacity of this sensitive system in liver diseases are expressed in disturbed metabolism of substances predominantly metabolised by this enzymatic system. Serum concentration of MEGX--a lidocaine metabolite--reflects the disturbance of liver function. The degree of liver function disturbance correlates with the rate of MEGX concentration fall. Utilization of MEGX test in clinical practice is multiple. In patients with chronic liver diseases is the MEGX test an appropriate complementary test enabling the evaluation of liver functional state with prognostic value. In the field of transplantology it may be used in pretransplantation period for donor liver functional state evaluation and in posttransplantation term for monitoring the graft functional state. The test was used in similar manner in paediatric patients. MEGX test is an appropriate method for rapid estimation of functional liver capacity in actual period. It is a rapid, simple test, which represents a complementary method in hepatology and liver transplantation. MEGX is worldwide used in detection of the functional liver state in patients with various forms of liver diseases and in patients prior to and after liver transplantation. (Ref. 46.)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Relationship between peripheral portal blood flow and liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis. Pulsed Doppler ultrasonographic study.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between portal hemodynamics and liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis remains unclear. METHODS: Using pulsed Doppler ultrasonography, we investigated portal hemodynamics in the trunk and the intrahepatic peripheral vessels and its relation to liver function in cirrhotic patients. RESULTS: The portal blood flow in the right anterior branch (RAB) in cirrhotic patients (n = 40) was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that in normal subjects (n = 40). In the cirrhotic patients the portal blood flow in the RAB was significantly correlated with the values of serum albumin, total bilirubin, cholesterol, cholinesterase, prothrombin time, and ICG R-15, and that in group C (Child's grading) was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) compared with that in group A. No such difference was found in the main portal vein, the right posterior branch, or the umbilical portion of the left portal vein. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in blood flow in the RAB is closely related to the impairment of liver function in cirrhotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Deterioration of liver function following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices--significance of a new index for liver function "delta TB"].

Changes of liver functions associated with endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) in which less than 6 ml of 5% ethanolamin oleate was used were investigated in 50 patients with remarkable esophageal varices. The index used for evaluating hepatic reserve was the difference of total bilirubin in serum between immediately and 15 hours after EIS and was tentatively named as "delta TB" (normal range < or = 0.1). In the patients classified as Child-Pugh A (n = 25), Child-Pugh B (n = 19) and Child-Pugh C (n = 6), delta TB was 0.04 +/- 0.30, 0.23 +/- 0.41, and 0.54 +/- 0.21, respectively. One month after the entire sessions of EIS, the changes of liver function tests before and after EIS were compared in 45 cases. It was disclosed that delta TB was elevated in parallel with the severity of their liver dysfunction before EIS. Also, delta TB seems to reflect the prognosis of the patients treated by EIS for some extent, since the survival period of the cases treated by EIS were correlative with delta TB (r = -0.734, p < 0.01), and delta TB of 20 cases who survived for longer than 5 years after EIS was 0.04 +/- 0.32. Therefore, delta TB seems to be a useful marker for estimating the influence of EIS on liver function.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical examination of acetated Ringer solution in patients with normal liver function and those with liver dysfunction].

Acetated Ringer solution (AR) was studied clinically to find its usefulness in patients with liver dysfunction compared with lactated Ringer solution (LR). The thirty-eight patients scheduled to be operated were divided into four groups (Group I: with normal liver function and AR infused, Group II: with normal liver function and LR infused, Group III: with liver dysfunction and AR infused, Group IV: with liver dysfunction and LR infused). AR or LR was administered to each group at a speed of 10 ml.kg-1.h-1, and we investigated the differences of these four groups clinically. L-lactic acid increased significantly in all groups after administration of AR or LR. D-lactic acid increased in LR groups, and acetic acid increased in AR groups. However, the other parameters, including the acid-base balance, electrolytes and liver function, showed no significant changes in any group. Therefore the status of liver dysfunction did not affect the metabolism of lactic acid in this study. These findings indicate that as an intraoperative fluid, AR is just as useful as LR. However, there was no significant difference between the data of AR groups compared with those of LR groups. In conclusion, AR is not necessarily a better fluid compared with LR as an intraoperative fluid in patients with liver dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effects of two new inotropic agents on microsomal liver function in patients with congestive heart failure.

The aminopyrine breath test (APBT) was used to study patients with chronic congestive heart failure before and after treatment with two chemically similar inotropic agents, amrinone (AR) and milrinone (MR), to determine their effects on hepatic microsomal function. Liver chemistries and cardiac indices were measured and correlated with the 2-hour APBT score in 11 patients with chronic congestive heart failure (5 treated with AR, 6 with MR) and five healthy control subjects. Despite normal or near-normal liver chemistries, patients with chronic congestive heart failure demonstrated overall depressed hepatic microsomal oxidative function. Patients with severe congestive heart failure had a lower mean pretreatment APBT score (AR = 3.05 +/- 1.02, MR = 5.38 +/- 3.09) when compared with healthy controls (10.02 +/- 1.02). However, the APBT score for each individual could not be predicted from the cardiac index. Although the mean cardiac index increased significantly in both the AR and the MR treated patients by 26.14% +/- 15.28 (p less than 0.01) and 40.0% +/- 42.27 (p less than 0.025), respectively, compared with pretreatment values, the mean APBT score fell by 62.02% +/- 22.5 (p less than 0.005) in the former and increased by 38.35% +/- 25.69 (p less than 0.01) in the patients receiving MR. This discordance between the effects of AR and MR suggests possible differences in the effects of the two drugs on hepatic microsomal function.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Healthy centenarian subjects: the effect of red wine consumption on liver function tests.

Liver function is well maintained with increasing age. The aim of our study was to investigate if long-term moderate (<or=500 ml/day) red wine consumption influences the most common laboratory tests of liver function in healthy centenarians. Wine consumption habits were classified as moderate red wine drinkers (D) (<or=500 ml/day of red wine consumption in the past and present) (no.=3 males, 16 females) and abstainers (A) who never consumed red wine or alcoholic beverages (no.=1 male, 4 females). None were heavy drinkers. Laboratory tests revealed low levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). AST was higher in A (Mean+/-SE=8.40+/-0.32 U/l) in comparison to D (Mean+/-SE=6.25+/-0.72 U/l), but this difference was not statistically significant. Total-bilirubin (Tbil), alkaline phosphatase (AlkP), gamma- glutamyltransferase (GGT) and pseudocholinesterase (CHE) were in the normal range, and there was no difference between D and A. We conclude that red wine consumption in centenarians had no negative effect on circulating liver enzyme activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Use of monoethylglycinexylidide as a liver function test in the liver transplant recipient.

The hepatic conversion of lignocaine to monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) has been used as a real time monitor of liver function in liver transplant recipients. Data are reported for the first 4 weeks after transplant in 50 consecutive orthotopic liver grafts in 47 adults. The MEGX concentration was significantly depressed by approximately 50% in those patients in whom there was a complicated clinical course (excluding steroid-sensitive rejection) after transplantation, compared with patients in whom major complications did not occur. The MEGX concentration in the recipients after transplant was independent of the donor MEGX concentration, but, in addition to the patient's clinical status, was strongly influenced by the recipients pretransplant biochemical profile, being inversely related to the pretransplant bilirubin concentration. MEGX concentrations < 25 micrograms/L in the first 36 hr after revascularization were predictive of greater morbidity and mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Alpha-adrenergic receptors in the regulation of liver functions.

Rat liver contains 80% alpha 1 and 20% alpha 2 receptors. The role of adrenergic regulation of liver functions was studied by administration of antagonist and agonist pharmaca. Female rats were treated with the selective alpha 1 receptor blocker prazosin. A transitory inhibition of microsomal monooxygenases was observed after 5 days which was terminated at the 12 day. A 18.7% loss of glycogen was measured at this time indicating a slight adrenergic glycogenolytic effect. Dihyd 50-ergocryptime an equal lebocker of alpha 1 alpha 2 receptori preserved glycogen content and has not impaired liver functions. Agonist epinephrine inhibited monooxygenase functions and mobilised 75% of hepatic glycogen. Simultaneous administration of prazosin with epinephrine resulted into glycogen loss due to alpha 2 receptor stimulation. Dihydroergocryptine antagonised rather the metabolic actions of epinephrine. We have established that alpha 2 receptors are also involved in hepatic carbohydrate metabolism.

Animals↗