Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Isospora”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

The fine structure of reptilian Isospora species with intranuclear endogenous development.

The fine structure of the endogenous stages of five species of Isospora of lacertile hosts is reviewed and compared. All species were intranuclear and were the following: I. deserti, from Agama pallida from Israel; I. cannoni, from Diporiphora australis from Queensland, Australia; and new, yet undescribed species from Hemidactylus turcicus from Israel. Heteronota binoei from Queensland, and Carlia rhomboidalis from Queensland. In young infections the intranuclear parasitophorous vacuole (PV) maintained at one point a junction zone with the nucleolemma. Finding couples of trophozoites sharing the same PV suggests a binary division (or endodyogeny?) prior to merogony. There was some overall conformity in structure among the respective stages of the different species, particularly of the gamonts. Some interspecific differences were, however, evident in the texture of the wall-forming bodies. The wall formation followed the scheme described for avian and mammalian eimeriid coccidia. The smaller size Isospora from C. rhomboidalis exhibited fine structural peculiarities and affected its host nucleus differently. More conspicuous peculiarities were evident in the differentiation process of I. cannoni meronts, involving a formation of centrally positioned large inclusions, a mitochondrial plaque-like organelle and large uniquely structured vesicular mitochondria.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Two new species of isospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from geckoes of the genus Rhacodactylus (Sauria: Gekkonidae) endemic to New Caledonia.

Coprological examination of New Caledonian geckoes of the genus Rhacodactylus Fitzinger, 1843 revealed two new species of coccidia. Isospora leachiani sp. n. from R. leachianus (Cuvier, 1829) has oval, colourless oocysts, measuring 21-26 x 16-18.5 microm. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal, 11-12.5 x 6.5-8 microm, with distinct Stieda and substieda bodies. Oocysts of Isospora sykorai sp. n. from R. ciliatus (Guichenot, 1866) are elongately oval to cylindrical, 20-23.5 x 11-14 microm; sporocysts of this species are ellipsoidal, 10-11.5 x 7-8 microm, with a slightly pointed end and Stieda and substieda bodies. Infected geckoes did not exhibit any alteration of their health status.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Isospora corvi Ray, Shivnani, Oommen and Bhaskaran, 1952 from the common house crow (Corvus splendens Vieillot) of Selangor, peninsular Malaysia.

Faecal samples of 56 common house crows (Corvus splendens Vieillot) were collected from the Petaling Jaya and Kelang districts of Selangor, peninsular Malaysia, and examined for coccidia. Intestinal tracts of 8 of the above crows wee histologically examined under light microscopy to determine the site of coccidial infection and the endogenous stages present. Fifty three (94.6%) crows had coccidial oocysts morphologically conforming to only one species of Isospora in their faeces at the time they were examined. The sporulated oocysts were found to be Isospora corviae (Ray et al. 1952) which has been emended to I. corvi. These oocysts are redescribed in greater detail. Corvus splendens is a new host record for I. corvi. Coccidial infection was observed in all the intestinal tracts and generally confined to the anterior two thirds of the intestine. The parasites occurred within intestinal epithelial cells, located usually above the host cell nucleus. Developmental stages of both the asexual and sexual phases were found in the epithelium, and are deemed to be the endogenous stages of I. corvi on the basis of the oocysts recovered from the same crows used for histological study. These stages are described here for the first time. The prevalence of I. corvi, its relationship with the host C. splendens, and its probable transmission from C. macrorhynchus are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Isospora daphnensis n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) from the Galapagos Islands.

In March and April 1987 fecal samples from 237 nestling birds, including 199 from 85 nest sites of Geospiza fortis, 23 from 12 nest sites of Geospiza scandens, 6 from 2 nest sites of Geospiza magnirostris, and 9 from 2 nest sites of hybrids involving Geospiza fuliginosa and G. fortis, were collected from Daphne Major in the Galapagos archipelago and examined for coccidia. Only 3 of 4 nestlings from 1 nest site of G. fortis (1.5%) had oocysts in their feces. Two of the 3 infected nestlings had concurrent infections of Isospora temeraria, and all 3 nestlings were infected with a new species. Isospora daphnensis n. sp. Sporulated oocysts of I. daphnensis n. sp. are ellipsoidal, 27.3 x 23.6 (22-30 x 20-27) microns; a polar body is present, but no oocyst residuum or micropyle occurs. The oocyst wall, approximately 1.5 microns thick, is composed of a mammillated outer layer and thinner inner layer. Sporocysts are ovoid, 15.2 x 10.2 (15-16 x 9-11) microns and have a nipplelike Stieda body and a small substieda body. The sporocysts contain an irregularly shaped, smoothly contoured residuum with uniform granules and 4 sporozoites with a large refractile body at one end and lying randomly in the sporocysts.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Serum proteins of neonatal pigs orally inoculated with Isospora suis oocysts.

Serum proteins were evaluated by agarose electrophoresis at periodic intervals between postinoculation days (PID) 2 and 35 in 4 litters of pigs inoculated orally at 36 to 38 hours of age with 70,000 sporulated Isospora suis oocysts and in 4 litters of age-matched noninoculated control pigs. In inoculated pigs, clinical disease characterized by vomiting and diarrhea began at PID 3 to 4 and was resolved by PID 11. Isospora suis oocysts were detected in feces of inoculated pigs from PID 5 to 25, with peak numbers present on PID 5 to 6. Of 43 pigs inoculated with I suis oocysts, 4(9.3%) died of coccidiosis, and samples were not obtained for serum protein evaluation. Of 39 noninoculated control pigs, all remained clinically normal, and I suis oocysts were not detected in their feces. Serum protein fraction values in inoculated and control groups compared at each sample collection time did not differ significantly, except at PID 15, when beta-globulin values were lower in inoculated pigs (P = 0.02). At PID 35, total serum proteins, albumin, and alpha 1-, beta-, and gamma-globulin values of inoculated pigs were lower than those of controls, but there were too few pigs examined for definitive statistical analysis. Differences in trends over time were observed between inoculated and control groups for several serum protein fractions. In inoculated pigs, total proteins (P less than 0.1) and beta-globulins (P less than 0.01) decreased with time, whereas those of control pigs increased. Similar differences in trends were noticed for albumin and alpha 1-globulins, but these were not significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Utilization of the Kato-Katz-method (thick-smear technique) the diagnosis of Isospora (author's transl)].

Performing 10475 stool examination using the KATO-KATZ, HOFFMAN-PONS-JANER and direct examination (after agitation) methods, the author showed the best results with KATO-KATZ method for the diagnosis of Isospora hominis and Isospora belli. Among the 10475 stools examined 392 (3.74%) were positive for I. hominis and 55 (0.52%) for I. belli with the KATO-KATZ method; with the use of the others methods only 28 (0.26%) were positive for I. hominis and 6 (0.06% for I. belli.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isospora suis species in a Danish SPF-herd.

In two studies carried out in 1974-75 on 10 eight and 25 two week old piglets obtained from a SPF-herd the endoparasitic status was determined. Samples of faeces were examined by microscopy which revealed the presence of Isospora suis, a finding that was quite unexpected in a SPF-herd. During days 17-23 pp. the 25 piglets were not found to excrete oocysts, the earliest findings of oocysts being made 24-35 days p.p. The 10 piglets being kept isolated in individual pens excreted oocysts up until 88 days p.p. The epidemiology of Isospora suis is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Extraintestinal stages fo Isospora ohioensis from dogs in mice.

The development of Isospora ohioensis was studied in mice by feeding tissues of mice inoculated with oocysts to coccidia-free dogs and by the examination of mesenteric lymph nodes using light and electron microscopes. Extraintestinal organs of mice became infectious to dogs within 1 day after ingesting oocysts and remained infectious for at least 211 days after inoculation (DAI). Isospora ohioensis sporozoites were found in lymphoreticular cells of mesenteric lymph nodes of mice from 1-374 DAI. Intracellular sporozoites were located in parasitophorous vacuoles. Sporozoites grew from 5--6 to 11--16 micron in length on the 39th DAI but never lost the 2 crytalloid bodies typical for coccidian sporozoites. PAS-positive granules accumulated gradually in intracellular sporozoites with duration of infection in mice. The appearance of parasitophorous vacuoles varied with duration of infection. Beginning with 7 DAI, the vacuole contained a marginal zone of electron-dense material (up to 0.8 micron wide), giving the appearance of a cyst wall or sheath under the light microscope; a true cyst wall was was not found.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Isospora from the domestic sparrow; multiplicity of species].

Natural intestinal infection of Isospora in the domestic Sparrow was studied during one year on a farm in Normandy. This survey showed many species and constant multiple infections. Some species were present all year, others were found only at certain times of the year; intensity varied with species and season. Almost all of the Isosporans previously described from the Sparrow were assigned to Isospora lacazei (Labbé, 1893), but this species is shown here in to be a parasite of the Goldfinch. Twelve new species are described on the basis of morphology of fresh sporulated oocysts. The most useful characters are those of: a) the Stieda apparatus and its inclusions;' b) the polar granules (number and shape); c) the residual body (diffuse or well delineated). In addition, the size and shape of oocysts and sporocysts, the number and shape of cristalloids in the sporozoites can be used to differenciate species. The following observations were made on sporogony: a) each species develops at a particular level in the intestine but several species could be found at the same level. However there is a patchy distribution of the species such that no two species occurred in the same villus. b) synchronous excretion of oocysts noted by others was found: the first oocysts appear at the beginning of the afternoon, the last at night fall; each species was found to have a characteristic and limited period of excretion. All the species found belong to the same systematic group (Stieda apparatus "macropylar") which suggests that they arose from successive speciations from a single species and were not acquired from other passerines in the same habitat.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[The development of weaned piglets experimentally infected with Isospora suis as a model for the effect of lasalocid and halofuginone on coccidia (author's transl)].

Piglets which were early-weaned at the age of 21.7 days and experimentally monoinfected with oocysts of Isospora suis showed distinct reductions in zootechnical criteria during an experimental period of 4 weeks. The daily liveweight gains in the infected piglets (group B) was 19.7% lower than in the control group A, which was free of Coccidia. Comparative photographs with the REM showed serious lesions in the small intestine of infected piglets, which are thought to be mainly responsible for the reduced productivity. The application of 150 mg Lasalocid per kg of total feed to infected piglets caused the rate of weight gain to attain the same values as the noninfected controls (group A). Piglets receiving Lasalocid treatment passed oocysts with the faeces which were infectious. On the other hand, infected piglets which were treated with 6 mg Halofuginone per kg of total feed did not contain any oocysts in the faeces. Despite having a higher liveweight at the beginning of the experiment, this group only gained as much liveweight as the infected piglets (group B). This depression in liveweight gains could be explained by the significantly reduced uptake of feed, which was 21.1% lower than in the controls (group A). 6 weeks after the first infection, a re-infection resulted in the appearance of oocysts in the faeces of the piglets which had been treated with Halofuginone. On the other hand, the animals treated with Lasalocid had developed an efficient immunity to Isospora suis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Changes in the diameter of Isospora lacazei (Labbé, 1893) oocysts in the house sparrow, Passer domesticus (L.).

Differences in the diameter of Isospora lacazei oocysts were found to be dependent on diet and other factors. House sparrows which were given animal products as food (hard boiled eggs) excreted with their faeces coccidia oocysts, which were larger than when they were fed grain. The results indicate a need to verify the divisions of the systematics of Isospora lacazei.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Intestinal infection with Isospora belli.

A review article discussing the taxonomy, parasite life cycle and laboratory diagnosis of Isospora belli is presented. The pathology, epidemiology, clinical findings and therapy of human intestinal infection with Isospora belli are also addressed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Examination of extraintestinal tissue cysts of Isospora belli.

Relapse is common in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed humans infected with Isospora belli and is believed to be associated with the presence of extraintestinal stages. In the present study, we examined this important stage in an AIDS patient using histological, immunohistological, histochemical, and ultrastructural methods to better understand the development and structure of this stage and to develop better means of detecting infections. Antisera made in rabbits to Isospora suis, Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia hammondi, Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum, and Caryospora bigenetica were tested against I. belli tissue cysts in the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) immunohistological test. Most antisera reacted positively in the ABC test at dilutions of 1:100 but not at dilutions of 1:250. Some antisera to N. caninum and H. hammondi reacted positively at dilutions of 1:1,000 in the ABC test. Most reactive antisera stained the tissue cyst wall and not the enclosed zoite. Eight histochemical tests were examined and most were nonreactive with I. belli zoites or tissue cysts. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the tissue cyst wall was composed of granular material and was directly beneath the parasitophorous vacuole membrane. Zoites were in the center of the tissue cysts and were surrounded by fibrillar material that appeared to originate from the zoite surface. Tubulelike structures were present in the granular tissue cyst wall and in the fibrillar material that surrounded the zoite. Zoites contained a crystalloid body. New findings in the present study consisted of identifying what are probably early tissue cysts that lack a developed tissue cyst wall, demonstrating that more than 1 tissue cyst can occupy a host cell, describing the distribution of micronemes and the shedding of zoite membranes, and identifying tubular structures in the inner tissue cyst wall and inner compartment.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Emerging Causes of Traveler's Diarrhea: Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Isospora, and Microsporidia.

Travel is a risk factor for acquiring infection with a spore-forming protozoa: Cryptosopridium, Cyclospora, Microsporidia, and Isospora. Certain travel destinations have a high disease burden and intense exposure. Patients present with persistent diarrhea and a history of recent travel to a developing country in the tropics. Very mild infections may be underdiagnosed and may cause typical traveler's diarrhea. In a patient with a history of travel and persistent diarrhea unresponsive to the usual antibiotic and antidiarrhea treatment, stool studies for all four of these protozoa infections should be performed. If immune status is normal and the disease is mild, symptomatic therapy may suffice. Effective treatment is available for Cyclospora, Microsporidia, and Isospora.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isospora belli diarrheal infection in homosexual men.

Unsporulated Isospora belli oocysts were detected in the stool specimens of three homosexual men. The oocysts were ellipsoidal measuring 23-33 X 12-15 micron. It is acid fast with modified cold kinyoun stain (MCK) and reveals orange fluorescence with the Truant's stain. Sheather's sucrose flotation method is effective in concentrating Isospora oocyst as with other coccidial oocysts. One specimen showed many Charcot-Leyden crystals. All three patients responded to treatment. Isosporiosis is rare in this country and is endemic in the tropics and subtropics. Although one case acquired the infection after returning from an endemic area, the other two cases had no travel history. This raised the suspicion that this, like other parasitic infections (amebiasis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis) may be sexually transmitted. Such exotic parasitic infections in homosexual men during the outbreak of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome adds another unusual infectious agent to the differential diagnosis of diarrheal disease in this high risk group of population.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Malignant lymphoma initiated with malabsorption syndrome due to Isospora belli infection and lymphocytosis.

A 47-year-old man had diarrhea in 1965. Four years later, malabsorption syndrome was diagnosed and the patient was found to have mild lymphocytosis. Abdominal lymphoma was suspected, but exploratory laparotomy was normal except for partial villous atrophy of small intestine and slightly enlarged mesenteric lymphnodes which were normal microscopically. In vitro lymphocyte blastformation with phytohemagglutinin was depressed markedly throughout the course and the result predicted the developement of malignancy of the lymphocytic system. Infection of Isospora belli was found thereafter, and sulfamethoxazole was quite effective for diarrhea. In August, 1974, he noticed cervical lymphadenopathy for the first time and it was diagnosed as undifferentiated type of malignant lymphoma. He died in December, 1974. In this case diarrhea was most probably caused by the intestinal infection of Isospora belli without obvious lymphoma. The symptom was swept away by peroral sulfamethoxazole. In this patient coccidiosis was presumably induced and prolonged by suppression of cellular immunity which might have already begun to progress at the onset of diarrhea.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[ENCAPSULATED CORD METHOD(Enterotest) COMPARED WITH FECALTEST ON THE DIAGNOSIS OF CRIPTOSPORIUM Sp E ISOSPORA belli In HIV(+)Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms]

Fecal samples and small intestinal content obtained by Enterotest were submitted between December 1994 and January 1996, by HIV (+) patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.Unconcentrated and concentrated fecal samples (by Sheater, Ritchie and Spontaneous Sedimentation) and intestinal content obtained by Enterotest, all stained by modificated Ziehl-Nielsen method, were compared (multiatributive comparison) based on the following parameters: yield, each test cost, morphology and the number of parasites per slide, in order to diagnose Cryptosporidium spp. e Isospora belli.Intestinal content obtained by Enterotest on the diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp. e Isospora belli was not better than the fecal samples but it is more expensive. However, it reached a good diagnostic yield with adequate morphology, and a number of parasites per slide. Furthermore, it can be used as a second line diagnostic method (first line = fecal samples) and as an alternative in places where the use of endoscopy is not available.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

[Activity of mucosubstances and the goblet cell count in the large intestine of piglets infected with the coccidium, Isospora suis].

In a group of conventional and gnotobiotic piglets experimentally infected with the Isospora suis coccidia the quantitative presence of acid and neutral mucous substances in the large intestine and the counts of goblet cells in the surface mucosa and in Lieberkühnis crypts (in the following text called just the crypts) were investigated. In conventional piglets infected with the dose of 200,000 oocysts of I. suis coccidia the lowest content of acid mucous substances was recorded from the eighth to tenth day after infection (DAI). A decrease in the activity of neutral mucous substances was somewhat slower. The lowest count of goblet cells was found on DAI 9, especially on the surface mucosa (4.89 to 4.91 goblet cells per 10 enterocytes). There was observed no difference in the piglets infected the first and fifth day after parturition (DAP). Gnotobiotic piglets infected with the dose of 100,000 oocysts of I. suis coccidia on DAP 1 showed the lowest content of mucous substances in the large intestine from the ninth to tenth day after infection. Unlike the conventional piglets, in gnotobiotic piglets there was recorded a decrease in the content of acid and neutral mucous substances. The gnotobiotic piglets had the lowest counts of goblet cells in the surface mucosa (10:4.57) and in the crypts (10:7.71) on DAI 9. As to the quantitative proportions, in the conventional and gnotobiotic piglets neutral mucous substances prevailed on the other days (DAI 3-7 and DAI 11), similarly like on DAI 8. The results of this investigation revealed a functional disease of the large intestine in conventional and gnotobiotic piglets infected experimentally with the Isospora suis coccidia.

Animals↗